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LJB Inc. provided this webinar to give an overview on roof fall protection regulations, as well as common fall hazards and abatement solutions.
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FACILITY FALL PROTECTION: ROOF & FAÇADE MAINTENANCE
LJB WEBINAR – NOVEMBER 2012
MEG PHILLIPS, P.E., C.S.P.
[email protected]; 513-582-4782
2
ROOF FALL HAZARDS
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Roofs
Ladders
Scaffolds
Non-movingvehiclesStrucSteel
Source: BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries
3
BOTTOM LINE UPFRONT
Roof fall protection is challenging
> Various regulations
> Abatement strategies
You need a plan for:
> Access and safe distance policies
> Hazard identification
> Hazard abatement
4
AGENDA
Safe distance
Work classification
Common hazards
Abatement strategies
> Roof
> Facade
Closing
5
SAFE DISTANCE?
OSHA 1910 OSHA 1926 OSHA 1926 roofing non-roofing
6
SAFE DISTANCE?
Proposed 1910
OSHA 1910 OSHA 1926 OSHA 1926
roofing non-roofing
7
SAFE DISTANCE?
Proposed 1910
OSHA 1910 OSHA 1926 OSHA 1926
roofing non-roofing
8
SAFE DISTANCE?
Proposed 1910
Mech. Equip. Exception
OSHA 1910 OSHA 1926 OSHA 1926
roofing non-roofing
9
SAFE DISTANCE?
Proposed 1910
Mech. Equip. Exception
OSHA 1910 OSHA 1926 OSHA 1926
roofing non-roofing
10
SAFE DISTANCE?
Proposed 1910
Mech. Equip. Exception
15 feet de minimis
OSHA 1910 OSHA 1926 OSHA 1926
roofing non-roofing
11
OSHA 1910
OSHA 1910 does not provide a safe distance from the edge
Proposed OSHA 1910 - Designated area> Perimeter shall be erected no less than 10 feet from the unprotected
side or edge
12
OSHA 1926: ROOFING
OSHA (sec 1926.502(f)(1)ii) - “the warning line shall be erected not less than 6 feet from the roof edge which is parallel… not less than 10 feet…perpendicular to the direction of mechanical equipment operation.” Other exceptions: OSHA (sec 1926.500(a)(2) & 1926.501(b)(1-14)) > Some leading edge work > Precast concrete erection> Residential construction
13
OSHA 1926: NON-ROOFING
No safe distanceOSHA letter of interpretation> For trades other than roofing, warning lines at 15 feet will be a de
minimis violation• Roofing Work and Other Trades on Low-Slope Roof (August 1,
2000)
• Warning line at 6 feet for HVAC construction workers (November 15, 2002)
14
OSHA 1926: NON-ROOFING
Warning lines must meet 4 criteria> 15 feet or more from roof edge> Meet or exceed OSHA 1926.502(f)(2)> No work activity within 15 feet of roof edge> Work rules prohibit workers from going outside warning line
15
INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE
IBC (sec 1012.5) - “Guards shall be provided where appliances,
equipment, fans or other components that require service are
located within 10 feet of a roof edge.”
16
AGENDA
Safe distance
Work classification
Common hazards
Abatement strategies
> Roof
> Facade
Closing
17
OSHA WORK CLASSIFICATION
18
WHICH CLASSIFICATION?
19
WHICH CLASSIFICATION?
20
AGENDA
Safe distance
Work classification
Common hazards
Abatement strategies
> Roof
> Facade
Closing
21
COMMON HAZARDS - ROOFS
Means of access
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COMMON HAZARDS - ROOFS
Openings
23
COMMON HAZARDS - ROOFS
Working near edge
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COMMON HAZARDS - ROOFS
Hoist areas
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COMMON HAZARDS – FAÇADE
Window cleaning and maintenance
Architectural treatments
Flags/banners
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AGENDA
Common hazards
Safety requirements
Abatement strategies
> Roofs
> Façades
Closing
27
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
Defeatability
Effe
ctive
ness
Elimination
Substitution
Engineering controls
Administrative controls
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
28
LETTERS OF INTERPRETATION - OSHA
Roof access openings require protection (July 12, 2000)
>Guardrail for roof hatch openings
Fall protection requirements for roof construction (Dec. 15, 2003)
>Use of warning lines for low slope roof work vs. other trades
29
ABATEMENT OPTIONS - OSHA
30
OSHA STD 1-1.13 – DEFINITION
Any surface designed or used as a walking / working surface
>For tasks performed on a predictable / regular basis
31
OSHA STD 1-1.13 – REQUIREMENTS
FREQUENT TASKS:
> More than 1x every 2 weeks
> More than 4 hours over 4 week period
> Required to use engineering controls (guardrail)
LESS FREQUENT TASKS:
> Permitted to use alternative fall protection such as a personal fall arrest systems (PFAS)
32
AGENDA
Safe distance
Work classification
Common hazards
Abatement strategies
> Roof
> Facade
Closing
33
ELIMINATION/SUBSTITUTION
Place HVAC units on the ground
Design considerations for roof access via aerial lift
34
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Guardrail
> Fixed
> Portable
Lifts
Fixed scaffold
35
ROOF PLAN
36
ROOF HATCH
37
ROOF FANS & SMOKE VENTS
38
SKYLIGHTS
39
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
Roof permit system
> Primary vs. secondary control
> Implementation
> Training
> Monitoring
40
ROOF PLAN
41
THIS ISN’T WARNING LINE
42
DESIGNATED AREAS
Proposed OSHA 1910 - Designated area>Work of temporary nature such as maintenance on HVAC
>Use warning line as alternative to installing guardrails
>Surface slope must be 10 degrees or less
>Perimeter shall be erected no less than 10 feet from the unprotected
side or edge
>Access to designated area must be clear path with warning lines
43
PPE
Roof edge
> Fall restraint or arrest
• Rail
• HLL
• Anchor points with lifeline
44
PPE: ANCHORAGE POINTS
Fixed anchorage
> Structural steel?
> HVAC unit?
> HVAC curb?
Temporary anchorage
> Ballasted anchor?
45
PPE SOLUTIONS
Did you consider?
> Anchorage strength
> Fall clearance
> Swing fall
> Proper application
> Procedures and training
> Rescue
46
REVIEW
What classification, safe distance and solution would you apply here?
47
FINAL ABATEMENT
48
AGENDA
Safe distance
Work classification
Common hazards
Abatement strategies
> Roof
> Facade
Closing
49
FAÇADE MAINTENANCE
Aerial work platforms
Supported scaffold
Suspended systems
50
AERIAL WORK PLATFORMS
51
SUPPORTED SCAFFOLD
52
SUSPENDED SYSTEMS
53
INDEPENDENT ANCHORAGES
Capable of supporting 5,000 pounds
Located directly over the point of suspension
54
SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD ANCHORAGES
SAFE POINTSStructural members determined by qualified person
UNSAFE POINTSStandpipesVentsOther piping systemsElectrical conduitOutrigger beamsCounterweights
55
SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD OPTIONS
56
SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD OPTIONS
57
ANSI I-14.1 WINDOW CLEANING STANDARD
Withdrawn by ANSI > Revised standard being prepared by IWCA committee.
Independent anchorage for suspension lines and lifelines
Roof anchorage must be designed for the greater of 5,000 pounds or 4x the maximum applied load
15º rigging angle from point of suspension
Annual anchorage inspection
58
AGENDA
Safe distance
Work classification
Common hazards
Abatement strategies
> Roof
> Facade
Closing
59
ACTION ITEMS
Evaluate your program’s safe distance policies
Educate others about safe distances and work
classifications
Evaluate or develop a roof permit system
60
TO LEARN MORE
Blog
> thespot.ljbinc.com/category/safety
Past webinars
> Slideshare.net/kmesser
> @LJBInc