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Focus on the need to share responsibility, provide greater individual and community empowerment and develop sustained behavioural change towards community resilience to natural disasters.Emergency Service Organisations cannot create community resilience, instead they can support and enhance existing community capacity to deal with uncertainty and adapt to change in the future.The RFS is taking active steps to improve our understanding of the risks of natural disasters, implementing innovative approaches to educating people of these risks and improving the methods of communicating urgent messages to communities so they can make informed decisions about their options when faced with natural disasters.
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Insights into strategies & measures to engage with the community
Lew ShortGroup Manager Community Resilience
NSW Lessons Learnt from Victoria & Challenges…
• Plain language, get away from jargon & make information accessible
• Speed of change and expectations• Challenge of getting information in and
making it into intelligence• Is it enough that people discuss what they will
do, do they need to have a written plan• Can community make decisions in times of
stress
Are We Barking up the Wrong Tree?
• My trip to Melbourne for the weekend of 7th Feb 2009
• “We just know what to do”• “People like to be told what to do”• “What I need to do is not clear”
Action to trigger leavingHigh Risk
(n=388)%
Low Risk(n=372)
%
Recent Fire(n=346)
%
No Recent Fire
(n=414)%
NETT Advised 42 30 32 40
When told to leave by Fire Service 32 23 23 31
When advised on radio 10 7 8 8
When advised to leave by any authority 3 2 2 3
When the Police \ SES tell me to leave 2 1 1 2
When telephoned 1 2 1 2
As soon as I heard a warning 2 2 2 1
NETT Visible fire/smoke 25 14 20 20
When I see smoke 16 10 16 11
When I can see fire 6 3 3 7
If I saw other houses burning 2 0 1 2
If there was an ember attack, I would leave 1 1 1 1
If it was on \ coming over the hill 1 1 1 1
NETT Depends on Conditions 6 11 11 7
It would depend on the wind \ atmospheric conditions 3 5 5 3
It would depend on the direction of the wind &our available exits 2 3 3 2
I would judge it at the time \ make my decision then 1 2 1 1
When I’m sure it’s coming my way 0 1 1 0
Base: Those respondents who would leave home if threatened (n=760)Q15: When would you plan to leave?
Action the would trigger leavingHigh Risk
(n=388)%
Low Risk(n=372)
%
Recent Fire(n=346)
%
No Recent Fire (n=414)
%
NETT Close by 6 16 13 10
If it comes close 3 7 6 4
Before it got too close \ while there is enough time 2 6 5 3
When it comes within a predetermined distance eg 500metres
1 3 2 2
Other
As early as possible \ immediately 8 7 7 8
If we thought our lives were in danger \ felt threatened 6 8 6 7
If the fire became out of control 3 1 2 2
When I knew there was nothing more to do to fight it \ hopeless
1 3 3 2
When neighbours leave 2 2 1 2
At the last minute 1 2 1 2
When Fire Danger Rating reaches Severe 2 1 1 2
When the house was threatened 1 2 2 1
When Fire Danger Rating reaches Catastrophic 1 1 0 2
When Fire Danger Rating reaches Extreme 1 1 1 1
When the fire service arrive 1 1 0 1
Don’t know 6 7 8 6
Base: Those respondents who would leave home if threatened (n=760)Q15. When would you plan to leave?
Base: All respondents (n=1,200)Q3. Generally speaking, during the Spring and Summer months, how high would you say the risk from bushfires is to your home? Would you say it is a:
High Risk (n=600)
Low Risk (n=600) Recent Fire (n=577)
No Recent Fire (n=623)
7 5 5 7
126 6
11
16
12 1414
29
24 2626
23
3129
24
1423 20 17
Extremely High Very high High Moderate Low Not a threat
Perceived Risk
7
In the Event of a Bushfire• Roughly one half of respondents indicated they
would leave. • For many the trigger to leave their home was
being advised by the RFS, SES, Police or other authority.
• 80% of people will wait and see• Dependency on information
Some NSW Fire Seasons
2002/03 2006/07 2009/10
Number of bush fires statewide 459 2,871 4,104
Duration of Bush Fire Emergencies (days)
151 days 113 days 118 days
Area Burnt (ha) 1,465,000 438,218 366,159
Residential Homes destroyed 86 8 24
Lim
it to
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ct a
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Para
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rect
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ack
Def
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ve
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ters
(~50
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)
Potential:• Loss of radio & telco towers• Loss of situational awareness
Capacity of community to receive and act on triggers
Focus on suppression
Focus on life safety
Time0
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Community Interest
Interest
The
big
fires
fires
on
the
new
s
fires
on
the
new
s, s
mok
e
Time0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Community Interest
Interest
Time0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Community Interest
Interest
Time0
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Community Interest
Interest
How do we engage during crisis?
• What messages do we want people to hear? • More importantly… How do we want them to Act?
Broadcast to Directive?
• Tipping point• Challenges associated with this
• Alerts and SMS• RSS feeds• Social media• Planning and building
controls• Risk planning
• property owners will not voluntarily include appropriate levels of bushfire protection and survival measures in new buildings in bushfire prone areas.
• Insufficient information, “bounded rationality” and poor perception of risk
Market Failures
Therefore, Government intervention is
justified on the grounds that it could
deliver a more efficient outcome for
society.”
RFS Assessed Development Applications since Aug 2002
21
DA Type Total
State Significant Development 1,024
Planning Instruments 173
Subdivision and Special Fire Protection 18,948
Residential Infill 52,958
Total 73,103
22
Page 24 11/04/2023
Leave Early Option – Batemans Bay (10km)
Leave Early Option – Moruya (25km)
Sample Bay Bush Fire Survival Map
Warning and Product Information
The Bush Fire Survival Map
Neighbourhood Safer Places
• Place of last resort
• 793 NSPs identified for 111 local
government areas across the State.
• Form a back up option as part of Bush Fire
Survival Plan.
Social Media• Socially-enabled
• Mobile-friendly
• On Demand
• Track Twitter, social networks, blogs, discussion boards,
content sites
• Make content and data available for use by others
Lew ShortGroup Manager Community Resilience NSW Rural Fire Service02-8741 5454
Lew Short Lewshort14http://www.slideshare.net/LewShort
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