CLOUD COMPUTING OVERVIEW

SOFTWARE DESIGN AND PROGRAMMINGMASTER OF SCIENCEDIMITAR GEORGIEV

UNIVERSITY OF DENVER UNIVERSITY COLLEGENOVEMBER 20, 2016

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WHAT IS THE CLOUD?

Cloud is a buzz-word that refers to numerous servers connected to the Internet.

Neither the exact number nor the physical location of these servers is an object of interest for the client.

What really matters is the fact that the data and software that reside in the cloud are accessible virtually from any point with internet connection.

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CLOUD COMES IN DIFFERENT FLAVORS

• Software as a Service – SaaS• Platform as a Service – PaaS• Infrastructure as a Service – IaaS• Identity as a Service -IDaaS• Backend as a Service - BaaS

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Software as a Service (SaaS)SaaS – also referred to as on-demand software.Software and the user data reside in the cloud. The client doesn’t need to install and maintain anything else than a web browser. Clients manage only their own data.

Source: wdipl.com

Source: Chuck Hoppenrath

• Easy setup, requires minimal planning• No need for application administration• Device-independent access, often suitable

for thin and ultra-thin devices• Pay-as-you-go model• Increased disaster recovery and business

continuity

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)Source: iramari.com

Source: Chuck Hoppenrath

Cloud computing service that provides underlying hardware, hypervisor, operating systems, databases, developer environment and network support.PaaS abstracts the complexity and eliminates the need of building and maintaining the infrastructure necessary for developing and launching an software application.

• Lower total cost of ownership• Lower administrative overhead• More current system software• Let the client to put the focus on the product

not on the infrastructure issues• On-demand scalability• Offers pay-as-you-go model

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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)IaaS offers virtualized computing resources over the Internet. IaaS frees the client from managing and administrating the physical infrastructure while keeping the control over the OS, storage, databases, other software, application deployment and to some extend the network.

Source: Chuck Hoppenrath• The most secure and flexible cloud service• Reduces IT staff and eliminates the need

for in-house data center• Hardware scalability on-demand• System and storage redundancy allows for

easy colocation• Full control over administration, maintenance,

software versioning and patching inside of VM• IaaS offers physical, dedicated virtual and

shared virtual servers• Pay-as-you-go financial model

Source: iramari.com

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How cloud services and in-home data center are managed

Source: mycloudblog7.wordpress.com

Moving from IaaS towards SaaS client shifts more responsibilities upon cloud provider giving up on control over some aspects in favor of minimized costs, redundant resources, on-demand scalability and easy deployment.

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Identity as a Service (IDaaS)IDaaS refers to an authentication infrastructure that resides in the cloud and is build, hosted and managed by a third-party service provider.Single sign-on (SSO) is an important part of IDaaS and refers to a session and user authentication service that grants the user with access to various other services using one set of login credentials.

Source: gartner.com

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Backend as a Service (BaaS) also known like MBaaS – Mobile Backend as a Service

• Social media integration• Native notification• Search functionality• Mobile application

management• Visual development• Solves cross-platform issues

Shifts mobile developer’s focus from back-end complexity to front-end development which is more visible for the users.Eliminates the need for developers to design and implement their own back-end service.Also, eliminates the need for foreseen, planning and handling demand spikes for server capacity, storage and bandwidth through on-demand scalability.

Source: dreamfactory.com

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CLOUD-BASED DATA STORAGE

• On-demand scalability• Reliability – transparent data replication• Web-based device-independent access• Ease of use – lets the users map a drive

letter to remote file storage• Pay-as-you-go model – users pay only

for the used storage

Cloud storage refers to a service model where data is managed, maintained and backed up remotely by third party service provider and made available to users over the Internet.

Source: techtarget.com

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CLOUD COLLABORATION

• Web mail• Blog• Wiki• Social media• Shared documents• Virtual meetings• Calendar management• Instant messaging• VOIP• Phone systems

Cloud collaboration offers virtual environment for enterprise collaboration that allows for employees to work together on documents or other data types stored in the cloud without the need to be in the same physical location.

Source: telemerge.ca

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VIRTUALIZATION

• Increased utilization of the physical hardware

• Device and storage scalability• Consolidation of resources• Increased flexibility thorough support

for multiple OS• Increased user access to key resources• Faster and at lower cost disaster

recovery and business continuity• Decreased power consumption and

device footprintSource: saransaro.in

Virtualization refers to the process of creating virtual entities that look and act like real ones, using real hardware and specific software.

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CLOUD SECURITYAdvantages

• Immediate deployment of software patches

• Fast incident response• Hardware and software

redundancy• Extended human-relations

research• Better access to better

professionals• Multifactor authentication• Security certification compliance

Disadvantages

• Country • Multitenant risk• Malicious insiders• Vendor lock-in• Risk of cloud-based

vendor failing• More attractive target for

hacker attacks• Data breaches and data

lossSource: primobonacina.com

Source: backupreview.com

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DISASTER RECOVERY AND BUSINESS CONTINUITY

Business continuity is a term used to describe policies, procedures and actions taken by an organization with regards to ensure availability of critical business functions to employees, customers and other key stakeholders. This term also refers to planning and preparations that ensure an organization can continue to operate in case of serious incidents or disaster.Disaster recovery refers to all the activities that should be taken from the organization with regards to restore operations in the event of a disaster (fire, flood, etc.) or an event with catastrophic sequences.

Source: complysmart.com

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CLOUD MANAGEMENT• Service-Level Agreement (SLA)• Audit system backups• System’s data flow• Vendor lock-in• Source-code escrow• Technical support and help desk procedures• Training procedures• Provider’s security policies and procedures• Data privacy requirements• Economics of the cloud and Return on

Investment (ROI)• Capacity planning and scaling capabilities• Audit-logs• Solution testing and validation

Every IT manager should take under consideration the following factors:

Source: doublehorn.com

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CLOUD GOVERNANCECorporate governance is a system of rules, practices, policies, laws and controls by which the company is directed and controlled. Corporate governance determines company’s decision making and administrative processes.IT or cloud governance is just a subset of the current corporate governance. IT governance switches the focus on IT related procedures, processes and controls in an effort to achieve smooth deployment, better performance, return on investment and risk mitigation.Source: solarvps.com

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CLOUD ECONOMICS

CapEx model requires purchase on a regular basis of large equipment, assets and hiring many professional with regards to meet the demand spikes above projected. CapEx model continuously bounces between underutilization and extreme utilization.OpEx model leverages virtualization that allows the real demand to be closely followed. This lowers upfront expenses and supports business agility (opportunity cost) – company invests its limited precious resources in faster product development and entering new markets. Thanks to the on-demand scalability the demand spikes are no more an issue.

The simplest and the shortest definition of the cloud economics is transition from capital expenditures (CapEx) tooperational expenditures (OpEx).

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MIGRATION PLAN

• System goals and requirements• Protection of the existing data• Determination of the application’s current

characteristics• Steps for avoiding vendor lock-in• Training requirements• Realistic deployment schedule• Realistic budget• IT governance issues• Cloud bursting consideration Source: bridgepointconsulting.com

Migration to the cloud is an important and laborious process that requires serious consideration. There isn’t one universal solution but there is a wide range of potential pitfalls. Hiring a cloud consultant with rich experience is highly recommended. Any migration plan should include:

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Thank you!