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California: A California: A History History By: Shane Tremblay By: Shane Tremblay California: A History By: Shane Tremblay

California by Shane Tremblay

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Page 1: California by Shane Tremblay

California: A HistoryCalifornia: A History

By: Shane TremblayBy: Shane Tremblay

California: A History

By: Shane Tremblay

Page 2: California by Shane Tremblay

CH 1 – Queen Calafia’s IslandCH 1 – Queen Calafia’s Island

• The name “Californians” meant to describe a race of black amazons

Native Americans in California:• 25 Generations of Indians were living in California before

the arrival of Europeans• More than 300,000 Native Americans in 1492 (European

Arrival)• Native Americans offered linguistic and cultural diversity

and were not war-like in their relationships• Sweat lodges were their form of healing and

therapy• Many Indians were communal in property

Page 3: California by Shane Tremblay

Ch 1 Queen Calafia’s IslandCh 1 Queen Calafia’s Island

California’s Landscape• 1,264mi shoreline – Due to tectonic plates• Various Mountain Ranges: • 41 Mountains over 10,000 feet• Sierra Nevada: 400mi long 80mi wide• Mt Whitney: 14,496feet Highest mountain in

California• Numerous fault lines, most notably the San

Andreas Fault• Death Valley: lowest point in California 282ft

below sea level. Average Temp: 134 F

Page 4: California by Shane Tremblay

Ch1 Queen Calafia’s IslandCh1 Queen Calafia’s Island

California’s Biodiversity and Climate:• Coastal areas offer shellfish and other easily gatherable

foods• Interior of California: Bears found in various mountain

ranges and other wildlife that require hunting• Birdlife in California distinct due to the adaption to their

new environment• Redwoods in the North, most ancient living entities on

the planet• Weather: Generally sunny, Rarely below 40 degrees in

January, Rarely below 72 degrees

Page 5: California by Shane Tremblay

Ch 4 – Striking it RichCh 4 – Striking it Rich

California DevelopingCalifornia Developing• California is ceded to the United States California is ceded to the United States

through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgothrough the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo• Debate over slavery in CaliforniaDebate over slavery in California• Mid 1800s cities begin to developMid 1800s cities begin to develop• Mormons arrive 1846 and brought social Mormons arrive 1846 and brought social

solidarity as well as manual labor which solidarity as well as manual labor which was in high demand at the timewas in high demand at the time

• The first water powered saw-mill reveals The first water powered saw-mill reveals Gold in californiaGold in california

Page 6: California by Shane Tremblay

Ch 4 – Striking it RichCh 4 – Striking it Rich

California Gold Rush: Mass MigrationCalifornia Gold Rush: Mass Migration 1849 Gold Rush established California as a 1849 Gold Rush established California as a

state and “matured” it as a state entity (as state and “matured” it as a state entity (as California is admitted in 1849)California is admitted in 1849)

With the gold rush came an increase in the With the gold rush came an increase in the Native American population (up to Native American population (up to 255,000)255,000)

Huge migration from China, Australia, and Mexico Huge migration from China, Australia, and Mexico (getting to California at this time is still a (getting to California at this time is still a formidable obstacle)formidable obstacle)

$594 Million in ingots – Equivalent to $10 Billion in $594 Million in ingots – Equivalent to $10 Billion in 2001 dollars2001 dollars

Page 7: California by Shane Tremblay

Ch 4 – Striking it RichCh 4 – Striking it Rich

Consequences of MiningConsequences of Mining• California is seen as a dream, a way to California is seen as a dream, a way to

make it to a better life, however, one in make it to a better life, however, one in twelve miners lost their livestwelve miners lost their lives

• Violence becomes prevalent in minesViolence becomes prevalent in mines• Lynching also becomes an effective way to Lynching also becomes an effective way to

eliminate competitioneliminate competition• Annual rate of 506 deaths per 100,000Annual rate of 506 deaths per 100,000• Destruction of the natural environment and Destruction of the natural environment and

urbanization occursurbanization occurs

Page 8: California by Shane Tremblay

Ch 5 – Regulation, Railroad, and Ch 5 – Regulation, Railroad, and RevolutionRevolution

Regulation:Regulation: Major problem: Large influx of people, with no one to Major problem: Large influx of people, with no one to

administer landadminister land The State questions the validity of the old Spanish land The State questions the validity of the old Spanish land

treaties, as a result, many people lose their land to the treaties, as a result, many people lose their land to the governmentgovernment

Corporations and Railroads become increasingly Corporations and Railroads become increasingly unregulated in California leading to an increase in power unregulated in California leading to an increase in power among top leadersamong top leaders

1873 Stock Market collapses, resulting in mass lynching of 1873 Stock Market collapses, resulting in mass lynching of ChineseChinese

1875 Banking system collapses, 1875 Banking system collapses, Chinese become scapegoats for failed Chinese become scapegoats for failed expectations expectations

Page 9: California by Shane Tremblay

Ch 5 – Regulation, Railroad, Ch 5 – Regulation, Railroad, and Revolutionand Revolution

Railroad:Railroad:• 1850s are characterized by the expansion of 1850s are characterized by the expansion of

the railroad systems in the United Statesthe railroad systems in the United States• Railroad labor consists of mostly outsourcing, Railroad labor consists of mostly outsourcing,

as Chinese are a major force in the Sierra as Chinese are a major force in the Sierra Railroad systemRailroad system

• May 10, 1869 Union Pacific/ Central Pacific May 10, 1869 Union Pacific/ Central Pacific railroad tracks meetrailroad tracks meet

• By the 1870s and 1880s Railroads By the 1870s and 1880s Railroads own most of the land in Californiaown most of the land in California and are increasingly controllingand are increasingly controlling

Page 10: California by Shane Tremblay

Ch 5 – Regulation, Railroad, and Ch 5 – Regulation, Railroad, and RevolutionRevolution

Revolution:Revolution: ““Businessmen’s Revolution” Between Businessmen’s Revolution” Between

1850 and 1854 the Capital is moved 1850 and 1854 the Capital is moved from San Francisco Bay to San Jose, from San Francisco Bay to San Jose, to Vallejo, and back to San Francisco to Vallejo, and back to San Francisco

Religion provided an immediate and Religion provided an immediate and compelling way for newcomers to compelling way for newcomers to organize and reorient themselvesorganize and reorient themselves

Gold Rush creates a cattle boomGold Rush creates a cattle boom