Volkswagen viavision

This car represents the feeling of freedom like no other in this world: the VW Bus. It debuted in 1950 with its strikingly simple design. Its internal code at Volkswagen: T1, Transporter 1.

The Germans called it the Bulli, the Americans the Microbus. It was driven on all continents. Even today, the very fi rst van has a worldwide fan base. Now Volkswagen is interpreting the original compact design of the automobile legend anew and catapulting it into the future – with the Bulli concept car! Spacious, just like in 1950, brilliant as always and clean like never before.

GENEVA SPECIAL EDITIONVIAVISIONReturn of the Feeling of Freedom World Premiere of the Volkswagen Bulli in Geneva

Volkswagen breathes new life into the classic van loved the world over.

The new electric engine micro van concept car is as stylish and as

spacious as its predecessor, yet kinder to the environment.

02 March 2011

NO 02March 2011

Volts not Oil – The E-Car Approaches Mass Production 5

State of Affairs – Improved Conditions 6

The New E-Fleet – The Biggest Manufacturers’ Market-Ready Models 8

Power from the Plug – Electricity as Fuel 10

Clean Technology? – It Depends on the Power 12

Imprint 12

Ready to GoThe E-Drive Gets Moving

97 percent of daily car journeys in Germany could already be driven using an e-car.

An e-car produces 3o percent less CO compared to a diesel car per one kilometer.

2

+++ SPECIAL: VOLKSWAGEN AT THE GENEVA MOTOR SHOW +++

The VW van stands for the spirit of freedom like no other car.

SHAPING THE FUTURE OF MOBILITYVOLKSWAGEN GROUP •

Pict

ure:

DD

P/Vo

lker

Har

tman

n; M

onta

ge: V

IAVI

SIO

N

This car represents the feeling of freedom like no other in this world: the VW Bus. It debuted in 1950 with its strikingly simple design. Its internal code at Volkswagen: T1, Transporter 1.

The Germans called it the Bulli, the Americans the Microbus. It was driven on all continents. Even today, the very fi rst van has a worldwide fan base. Now Volkswagen is interpreting the original compact design of the automobile legend anew and catapulting it into the future – with the Bulli concept car! Spacious, just like in 1950, brilliant as always and clean like never before.

GENEVA SPECIAL EDITIONVIAVISIONReturn of the Feeling of Freedom World Premiere of the Volkswagen Bulli in Geneva

Volkswagen breathes new life into the classic van loved the world over.

The new electric engine micro van concept car is as stylish and as

spacious as its predecessor, yet kinder to the environment.

02 March 2011

NO 02March 2011

Volts not Oil – The E-Car Approaches Mass Production 5

State of Affairs – Improved Conditions 6

The New E-Fleet – The Biggest Manufacturers’ Market-Ready Models 8

Power from the Plug – Electricity as Fuel 10

Clean Technology? – It Depends on the Power 12

Imprint 12

Ready to GoThe E-Drive Gets Moving

97 percent of daily car journeys in Germany could already be driven using an e-car.

An e-car produces 3o percent less CO compared to a diesel car per one kilometer.

2

+++ SPECIAL: VOLKSWAGEN AT THE GENEVA MOTOR SHOW +++

The VW van stands for the spirit of freedom like no other car.

SHAPING THE FUTURE OF MOBILITYVOLKSWAGEN GROUP •

Pict

ure:

DD

P/Vo

lker

Har

tman

n; M

onta

ge: V

IAVI

SIO

N

VIAVISIONGENEVA SPECIAL EDITION

Thanks to state-of-the-art engine technology, the Bulli debuting in Geneva is a so-called zero-emissions vehicle because the study is powered electrically and so is local emissions free. The van’s electric engine generates 85 kilowatts and a superior 260 Newton meters of torque. As is usual for this type of drive, maximum power is available

right from the start.A 40 kilowatt hour lithium-ion battery supplies the silent

engine with energy. This electrifying combination allows for a range of up to 290 kilometers. That’s an awful lot

for an electric car. The charging of the Bulli’s battery at an “electric pump” specially designed for electric cars takes less than one hour.The Bulli accelerates from zero to one hundred

kilometers per hour in 11.5 seconds; a top speed of 130 kilometers per hour is feasible. Its range and performance commend the compact van not just for short trips; it is perfect for the majority of professional commuters and most leisure activities, without any local emissions.

Like the bodywork, the interior is characterized by a degree of clarity that can only be found at Volkswagen. The passenger compartment – fl ooded with light thanks to its panoramic roof – is full of surprises.Attractive in its versatility: Like the old T1, the Bulli features a bench seat in the front. The van offers room for three more passengers in the back.The highlight in terms of infotainment and entertainment: In the center console is a removable iPad which serves as a multifunctio-nal touchscreen. In addition to the internet based iPad applications and the media center, it operates functions such as the Bluetooth hands-free set and navigation system. The controls for the air conditioning as well as the centrally located hazard switch are integrated into the iPad mount.

Like the old Samba Bus, this Bulli sports a two tone color scheme – silver and red in this case. The “V” on the engine hood is resplendent in

silver. Because, unlike the old Samba Bus, which was powered by a boxer engine, the Bulli is

unsurprisingly propelled by a drive unit located at the front axle. In this case, it

is a compact integral drive that is equipped with an electric

engine, a high power motor inverter and a 12 volt DC/DC converter for the

vehicle electrical system.

Performance: 85 kilowatts, 260 Newton meters of torqueRange: Up to 290 kilometersTop speed: 130 kilometers per hourAcceleration: From 0 to 100 in 11.5 secondsBattery: Lithium-ion, 40 kilowatt hoursCharging time: Less than one hour at an electric pump specially

designed for electric cars

Zero emissions – 29o kilometers with one battery charge Interior – fusion of car and iPad

Design – the visual world of a masterpiece Characteristics

GENEVA SPECIAL EDITION02 March 2011


Thanks to state-of-the-art engine technology, the Bulli debuting in Geneva is a so-called zero-emissions vehicle because the study is powered electrically and so is local emissions free. The van’s electric engine generates 85 kilowatts and a superior 260 Newton meters of torque. As is usual for this type of drive, maximum power is available

right from the start.A 40 kilowatt hour lithium-ion battery supplies the silent

engine with energy. This electrifying combination allows for a range of up to 290 kilometers. That’s an awful lot

for an electric car. The charging of the Bulli’s battery at an “electric pump” specially designed for electric cars takes less than one hour.The Bulli accelerates from zero to one hundred

kilometers per hour in 11.5 seconds; a top speed of 130 kilometers per hour is feasible. Its range and performance commend the compact van not just for short trips; it is perfect for the majority of professional commuters and most leisure activities, without any local emissions.

Like the bodywork, the interior is characterized by a degree of clarity that can only be found at Volkswagen. The passenger compartment – fl ooded with light thanks to its panoramic roof – is full of surprises.Attractive in its versatility: Like the old T1, the Bulli features a bench seat in the front. The van offers room for three more passengers in the back.The highlight in terms of infotainment and entertainment: In the center console is a removable iPad which serves as a multifunctio-nal touchscreen. In addition to the internet based iPad applications and the media center, it operates functions such as the Bluetooth hands-free set and navigation system. The controls for the air conditioning as well as the centrally located hazard switch are integrated into the iPad mount.

Like the old Samba Bus, this Bulli sports a two tone color scheme – silver and red in this case. The “V” on the engine hood is resplendent in

silver. Because, unlike the old Samba Bus, which was powered by a boxer engine, the Bulli is

unsurprisingly propelled by a drive unit located at the front axle. In this case, it

is a compact integral drive that is equipped with an electric

engine, a high power motor inverter and a 12 volt DC/DC converter for the

vehicle electrical system.

Performance: 85 kilowatts, 260 Newton meters of torqueRange: Up to 290 kilometersTop speed: 130 kilometers per hourAcceleration: From 0 to 100 in 11.5 secondsBattery: Lithium-ion, 40 kilowatt hoursCharging time: Less than one hour at an electric pump specially

designed for electric cars

Zero emissions – 29o kilometers with one battery charge Interior – fusion of car and iPad

Design – the visual world of a masterpiece Characteristics


5


Volts not OilThe E-Car Approaches Mass Production

The electric engine is being celebrated as the drive of the future by its fans. A little known fact: The e-car is not an invention of our time. It had already been built fi ve years before the fi rst gasoline car. The top speed frontier of 100 kilometers was fi rst breached by an electric engine in 1889. The combustion engine became predominant in the 20th century because oil became a particularly cheap and energy rich fuel. Today circumstances are being reversed: Oil is getting scarcer and more expensive; batteries are becoming cheaper and more powerful. This is what gives the e-drive the chance to go into mass production after more than 100 years.

The German government wants to see one million e-cars on the streets of Germany by 2020. This would amount to 2.3 percent of the estimated total number of cars. Today the proportion is 0.005 percent. Sources: McKinsey; German Federal Motor Transport Authority

Aiming high: By 2020, the proportion of cars that have an electric engine is expected to be 6.1 percent in France, 5.5 percent in China and 3.5 percent in Japan. Source: McKinsey

Average distance covered per day in Germany:(in percent)

50 kilometers 100 kilometers 150 kilometers 200 kilometers

Average range of an e-car61.1

29.6

6.61.9

0.8

A survey among 1,000 German drivers shows that more than 97 percent of

daily car journeys are shorter than 150 kilometers. Driving today’s e-cars, this range could already be easily covered.

Source: TÜV Rheinland

6


Number of passenger cars in Germany by type of fuel:

Alternative engines:

Electric: 2,307

Hybrid: 37,256

Natural gas: 71,519

Liquid gas: 418,659

Petrol: 30,505,178

Diesel: 11,266,644

Most of the 42,301,563 cars on German streets are still fueled by petrol. Liquid gas is in the lead in terms of alternative fuels. Source: Federal Motor Transport Authority (as of January 2011)

State of AffairsImproved Conditions

Compared to other nations, there is room for improvement in terms of electric mobility in Germany. Although the German government wants to see a signifi cant increase in the number of e-cars on the streets, it lags behind compared to other countries when it comes to tax benefi ts and subsidies. However, promising developments in car battery technology are providing positive incentives. Over 150 years the energy density of batteries has improved by a factor of seven and is expected to further increase.

7


15

USA

China

France

Spain

UK

Germany

South Korea

Japan

Denmark

Ireland

22,260

3,373

2,150

1,390

1,343

615

273

241

5

1

2

11

3

7

9

1

1

13

Portugal0 11

Italy0 2

36

E-mobility investments in research/development:

(millions of euros)

Premiums and tax benefi ts to e-car buyers:(percentage of new car list price)

Concerning research, development and infrastructure for e-cars, the US is outspending all other industrial countries by far. Denmark, however, is especially focusing on purchasing incentives through tax benefi ts.

Source: McKinsey (Investments until 2015,

premiums and tax benefi ts as of January 2011)

The energy density of batteries has increased more than sevenfold

between the market entry of the lead battery in 1859 and lithium-ion

technology. The second generation of lithium-ion batteries is expected

to further increase it.

+

ILead acid

25

+

INickel

metal hydride

60-120

+

ILithium-ion

90-190

+

ILithium-ion

2nd generation

240-300

From lead to lithium-ion – the development of the battery’s energy density:(watt hours per kilogram)

Sources: Pricewaterhouse Coopers; Fraunhofer Institute for Systems

and Innovation Research

8


2009 2010 2011

MERCEDES-BENZ VITO E-CELL Range: 130 kmTop speed: 80 km/hCharging time: 10 to 12 hoursPrice: Not specifi ed

FORD FOCUS ELECTRIC Range: 100 kmTop speed: 136 km/hCharging time: 3 to 4 hoursPrice: Not specifi ed

NISSAN LEAF Range: 160 kmTop speed: 144 km/hCharging time: 7 to 8 hoursPrice: Approx. 24,700 euros*

CITROËN C-ZERO Range: 150 kmTop speed: 130 km/hCharging time: 6 hoursPrice: Approx. 30,000 euros

PEUGEOT ION Range: 150 kmTop speed: 130 km/hCharging time: 6 hoursLeasing price: Approx. 23,600 euros (mileage: 10,000 km/year)

RENAULT KANGOO RAPID Z.E.Range: 160 kmTop speed: 130 km/hCharging time: 6 to 8 hoursPrice: Approx. 23,800 euros**

MITSUBISHI I-MIEVRange: 150 kmTop speed: 130 km/hCharging time: 6 hoursPrice: Approx. 35,000 euros

The New E-FleetThe Biggest Manufacturers’ Market-Ready Models

E-drives have been around since the existence of cars. But, given today’s battery technology, its chances of becoming a real alternative to combustion engines for everyday usage are increasing. Even though the e-car is still the exception on the streets, a look at the lineup of the biggest car manufacturers by turnover illustrates what the possibilities of e-mobility will be by 2013. All models drive using a lithium ion battery, some of them are already on sale today.

9


TOYOTA RAV EV Range: 160 kmTop speed: Not specifi edCharging time: Not specifi edPrice: Not specifi ed

BMW MEGACITY VEHICLE Range: Not specifi edTop speed: Not specifi edCharging time: Not specifi edPrice: Not specifi ed

RENAULT FLUENCE Z.E. Range: 160 kmTop speed: 135 km/hCharging time: 6 to 8 hoursPrice: Approx. 26,200 euros**

TOYOTA IQ-EV*** Range: 80 kmTop speed: 100 km/hCharging time: 3 to 4 hoursPrice: Approx. 22,000 euros

MERCEDES-BENZ SLS AMG E-CELL Range: 200 kmTop speed: 250 km/hCharging time: Not specifi edPrice: Not specifi ed

FIAT 500EV Range: Not specifi edTop speed: Not specifi edCharging time: Not specifi edPrice: Not specifi ed

RENAULT ZOERange: 160 kmTop speed: 140 km/hCharging time: 6 to 8 hoursPrice: Not specifi ed

VOLKSWAGEN GOLF BLUE-E-MOTION Range: 150 kmTop speed: 135 km/hCharging time: 6 hoursPrice: Not specifi ed

SAIC ROEWE E1 Range: Not specifi edTop speed: Not specifi edCharging time: Not specifi edPrice: Not specifi ed

SMART FORTWO ELECTRIC DRIVE Range: 135 kmTop speed: 100 km/hCharging time: 8 hoursLeasing price: Approx. 33,600 euros (mileage: 60,000 km/year)

RENAULT TWIZY Range: 100 kmTop speed: 75 km/hCharging time: 3.5 hoursPrice: Not specifi ed

VOLKSWAGEN UP! BLUE-E-MOTION Range: 130 kmTop speed: 135 km/hCharging time: 5 to 6 hoursPrice: Not specifi ed

* US market price ** not including battery leasing *** provisional data

Sources: company data; this list does not claim to be exhaustive

2012 2013

10


The car is driven onto a platform. The empty battery is automatically taken out from below and replaced with a charged one.

+ Virtually no waiting time: Exchanging the battery only takes about a minute.

– High cost: Since different electric car models use different batteries, every exchange station has to have a supply of all the different batteries – an expensive system.

There are currently no public battery exchange stations. So far the concept has been tested using a taxi fl eet in Tokyo which employed the battery exchange as the main means for charging. A similar fi eld test is planned for San Francisco. Source: Better Place

Battery exchange stations

Power from the PlugElectricity as Fuel

Nothing works without electricity: making coffee, charging mobile phones – and soon driving a car too? To make use of the electric drive in everyday life comfortably, there has to be a comprehensive network of electricity service stations. Even before thinking about the development of such infrastructure, the question arises as to how the electricity actually gets into the car. So far, there are different opinions about what service station 2.0 should look like and which system will prevail.

Here, a garage is turned into a service station: The e-car is plugged into a domestic socket and is charged like an MP3 player.

+ Comprehensive distribution: Everyone has got sockets at home.– Long charging time: It takes approximately six to eight hours to

charge the battery from a standard 230 volt domestic power socket.

The majority of the 2,307 electric car drivers in Germany are currently charging their car at home during the night and someti-mes at work, too – that is whenever the car is stationary for a long time. Sources: German Federal Motor Transport Authority; LEM net; Süddeutsche Zeitung

Private access

Pict

ure:

DD

P/Sa

scha

Sch

uerm

ann

11


Electricity consumption in Germany

The current fl eet of 2,307 e-cars can easily be powered by the German power network. National power consumption would grow by 0.5 percent should the fl eet grow to one million, as planned by the German government.

Total gross power generation amounted to 620.8 terawatt hours in Germany. 603 terawatt hours were consumed while the rest went abroad. Using the exported 17 terawatt hours about eight million e-cars could be powered. Source: Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology

One million e-cars would need two to three terawatt hours per year. The additional demand would therefore amount to no more than 0.5 percent of the power currently produced – no problem for existing power plants. Source: Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research

A further 70 to 90 terawatt hours of electricity would be needed if the total German passenger car fl eet would be powered by electric engines. In this case new power sources would have to be developed. The additional power demand approximately equals the amount of electricity produced by eight large power plants. Source: Technology Review

Petrol stations, restaurants and shopping centers are setting up fuel dispensers from which electricity can be extracted.

+ An option for quick charging: It takes about 30 to 60 minutes to charge the car for a range of 100 kilometers – signifi cantly less compared to the domestic power socket because of the higher voltage. However, it would then require a special adapter for use at home.

– No standard for plugs: Not every e-car can be charged at every station because there are so many different plugs and power sockets.

Today in Germany there are more than 900 public electricity service stations and counting. About half of them are charging stations run by large network providers like RWE or Vattenfall, a quarter belongs to restaurants and other companies. The other quarter is operated by private individuals. Sources: LEM net; Süddeutsche Zeitung

Public charging stations

Pict

ure:

DD

P/Jö

rg K

och

VIAVISION

12

GENEVA SPECIAL EDITION

www.viavision.org.uk, www.viavision.org

Edited byVolkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Konzern Kommunikation Brieffach 1972, 38436 Wolfsburg Phone: 05361/9-77604, Fax: 05361/9-74629

V.i.S.d.P. (Person responsible according to the German press law)Stephan Grühsem, Leiter Konzern Kommunikation; Peter Thul, Leiter Kommuni-kation Marke & Produkt

Editorial staff Lena Höfl ich, Stefanie Huland, Adrienne-Janine Marske, Kathi PreppnerKontakt: [email protected]

Published byVerlag Rommerskirchen GmbH & Co. KGMainzer Straße 16 -18, Rolandshof,53424 Remagen, Phone: 02228/931- 0 www.rommerskirchen.com

Printed byL.N. Schaffrath GmbHMarktweg 42-50, 47608 Geldern

Imprint

Clean Technology?It Depends on the Power

E-cars do not themselves emit CO2. This gives them a reputation of being a clean means of transportation. How environmental friendly the car really is though is actually determined by how the power it is charged with was produced – the amount of carbon dioxide emitted varies with different means of production.

Charged with the current energy mix in Germany, an

e-car emits signifi cantly less carbon dioxide than a diesel

car. Most environmentally friendly is the CO2 footprint

of the e-car charged with electricity from renewable

energy sources. These values describe the fuel’s

CO2 emissions from its production to its combustion

(Well-to-Wheel).Source: ADAC

CO2 emissions for different kinds of fuel:(grams per kilometer)

Biodiesel*up to 190

Natural gas122

Energy mix Germany110

Petrol 161

Diesel155

Liquid gas138

Energy from renewable sources10

* The amount of CO2 emitted during combustion depends on the raw material the biodiesel is produced from (like soy, rape or algae).

Automotive

Volkswagen viavision