ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW Joined Industrial Training at Stan Autos,
Jalandhar. Leading agency which deals with the selling and
servicing of cars of Maruti- Suzuki Company. Well known for its
well standard, better infrastructure and its qualitative features
of servicing. Located at G.T road, opposite to Delhi Public School
,Jalandhar. Work culture of the organization was very enthusiastic.
Source of the external was staff members of workshop. Taught the
practical skills that are essential for the development of
knowledge.
TECHONOLOGY LEARNT Air filter Important part of a car's intake
system, as it catches the dirt and other foreign particles in the
air, preventing them from entering and damaging the engine.
Composed of fibrous materials to remove solid particulates such as
dust, mold, and bacteria from the air. Used in applications where
air quality is important, especially in engines. All of the air
that enters the system first passes through the air filter.
Vehicles have a specific holder for this filter, a plastic or metal
box. The holder is connected to the intake manifold by a large
plastic tube through which the air flows. Affects car's performance
& should be changed regularly, or the vehicle's gas mileage
will suffer.
Air filter(Cont.) A dirty filter cause systems to run
ineffectively, as emissions control system, which regulates the
car's air-fuel mixture. It also cause spark plugs, which ignite the
fuel to foul, as there will be too much fuel without enough
air.
Intercooler Type of radiator that cools the air compressed by a
supercharger or turbocharger. Compressing the air heats it, which
makes it less dense,. Intercoolers are simple radiators which
decreases the temperature of intake air & increasing its
density before combustion and provides more oxygen to increase
combustion. The inter means between, as intercoolers are positioned
between the turbo or supercharger and the intake manifold. Widely
used in automotive for forced induction internal combustion engines
to improve their efficiency by increasing intake air charge
density.
Intercooler(Cont.) Passing a compressed and heated intake
charge through an intercooler reduces its temperature and pressure
to reduce the cylinder combustion temperature, avoid detonation,
excessive wear, or heat damage to an engine block. Increases system
performance. Mounted in areas of an automobile with maximum air
flow i.e. in front.
Exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) Is a nitrogen oxide (NOx)
emissions reduction technique used in petrol & diesel engines.
Works by recirculating a portion of an engine's exhaust gas back to
the engine cylinders & this exhaust displaces the amount of
combustible matter in the cylinder.
Increases the efficiency of gasoline engines by following
mechanisms: i. Reduced throttling losses. Increase in inlet
manifold pressure and reduced throttling losses. ii. Reduced heat
rejection. Low combustion temperatures reduces NOx formation &
reduces the loss of thermal energy to combustion chamber surfaces,
leaving more for conversion to mechanical work . iii. Reduced
chemical dissociation. Low peak temperatures result in more of the
released energy near TDC,& results in the dissociation of
combustion products. EGR valve cools the exhaust valves and makes
them last far longer.
Oil Filter Located on the side of the engine block. Circulates
the oil through the engine; every time the engine oil circulates,
it passes through the oil filter. Protects the engine by catching
any large particles in the oil to avoid damage to engine. It also
protects the engine by retaining a small amount of oil when the car
is turned off. Should be replaced within 3,000 miles (4,828 km),to
avoid it for clogging.
Flywheel Heavy rotating boy that acts as reservoir of energy.
Acts as an energy bank between source of power & driven
machinery. Two distinct applications: 1. Power is supplied at
uniform rate, while demand for power by driven machinery is
variable e.g. punch press. 2. Power is supplied at variable rate,
while requirement of driven machinery is at uniform rate e.g.
internal combustion engine. Functions: I. Store & reduce energy
when needed. II. Reduce power capacity of electric motor. III.
Reduce amplitude of speed fluctuation.
Throttle Mechanism by which the flow of a fluid is managed by
obstruction to increase or decrease engine's power. In IC engine,
throttle valve directly regulates the amount of air entering the
engine, indirectly controlling the charge. Controlled with a
throttle pedal or accelerator. Throttle body is the part of the air
intake system that controls the amount of air flowing into the
engine.
Throttle(Cont.) It is located between the air filter box and
the intake manifold. The throttle plate inside the throttle body,
is a butterfly valve that regulates the airflow & is placed on
the entrance of the intake manifold.
Differential Device capable of transmitting torque and rotation
through three shafts. It receives one input and provides two
outputs, in automobiles. In an automobile,it allows each of the
driving wheels to rotate at different speeds, while supplying equal
torque to each of them. Allows the driving road wheels to rotate at
different speeds while cornering. This is necessary while turning,
making the wheel that is travelling around the outside of the
turning curve roll farther and faster than the wheel that is
travelling inside.
Differential Gear Train on a Turning Car The outer wheel
traverses an arc with radius ro and the inner wheel traverses an
arc with radius ri. The lengths of the arcs traversed are so, sn,
and si. The outer arc so is larger than the inner arc si for a
given traversed angle theta. Some way of ensuring that the outer
wheel is able to turn slightly faster than the inner wheel ,in
order to prevent binding and slippage of the tires on the road. the
automobile differential solves this problem with only one
transmission and one drive shaft for both driven wheels.
Rolling Contact Bearing Balls or rollers are introduced between
surfaces that are in relative motion. Serves the purpose of
reducing rotational friction and support radial and axial loads.
Applications: Machine tool spindles. Automobile front & rear
axles.
Deep groove ball bearing Radii of ball is slightly less than
radii of curvature of grooves. Advantages: High load carrying
capacity. Takes load in radial & axial direction. Less friction
loss & temperature rise. Generates less noise.
Operating conditions Lifespan: calculated life for a bearing is
based on the load it carries and its operating speed. Failure
modes: If a bearing is not rotating, maximum load is determined by
force that causes non-elastic deformation of balls. If that same
bearing is rotating, that deformation tends to knead the ball into
roughly a ball shape. Lubrication: It is needed for a bearing to
operate properly. to increase lifespan of bearing, viscosity of
lubricant is high.
GANTT CHART Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6
Industrial training No. of days to complete
