Light Analysis Daylight Factor According to MS1525, Daylight Factor distribution is as shown below: Daylight Factor, DF= Ratio of interior illuminance (𝐸𝑖) inside the structure to available outdoor illuminance (𝐸𝑜 ) outside the structure Formula for Daylight Factor (DF):

𝐷𝑎𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = Ei (internal illuminance at a given point)

Eo (outdoor illuminance)× 100%

Daylight Factor (DF) DF, %

>6 Very bright with thermal & glare problem 3~6 Bright

1~3 Average 0~1 Dark

Natural Illumination Calculation

Illuminance Example

120,000 lux Brightest sunlight

110,000 lux Bright sunlight

20,000 lux Shade illuminated by entire clear blue sky, midday 1000~2000 lux Typical overcast day, midday

<200 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds, midday

400 lux Sunrise or sunset on clear day (ambient illumination)

40 lux Fully overcast, sunset/sunrise <1 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds, sunrise/sunset

Fixture Properties

Type of Fixture 40W led commercial office led pendant

light

Company Passun

Dimension 0.12 x 1.2 (W x L)

Lumen (lm) 4000

Wattage (W) 40

Colour Designation (K) Warm White, 2700 – 3000K

Colour Rendering Index (CRI) 80

Lumen Method Calculation Location Popular shops

Floor Area (A) 50.35m2

Standard illumination require

according to MS1525, E

300

Moutaning Height, mh 4m

Maintenance Factor 0.8

Reflectance Factor Ceiling White Plaster: 0.7

Wall White painted wall:0.5

Floor concrete screed: 0.35

Room Index, RI RI= (9.97x5.05)/(9.97+5.05)3

=50.35/45.06

=1.12

Utilization Factor, UF 0.41 (based on table)

Number of fittings required, N N=300x50.35/2000x0.41

=15105/656

=23.01

23 number of lights needed

Artificial Lighting Analysis Lumen Method Lumen method is used to calculate the light level in a room. It is a series of

calculation that uses horizontal luminance criteria to establish a uniform

luminaire layout in a space. It can be calculated by dividing the total number of

lumens available in a space by the area of the space.

The calculation is below:

𝑬 = 𝒏 × 𝑵 × 𝑭 × 𝑼𝑭 × 𝑳𝑳𝑭

𝑨

Where,

E = Average illuminance to cover the space

n = Number of lamps of each luminaire

N = Number of luminance

F = Lighting design lumens per lamp, i.e. Initial bare lamp luminous

UF = Utilization factor for the horizontal working plane

LLF = Light loss factor

A = Area of the horizontal working plane

Lumen method can also be calculated and used to determine the number of

lights should be installed on the site. To know the number of lamps, calculation

of total luminance of the space need to be done based on the number of fixtures

and examines the sufficiency of light fixtures on that particular space .

𝑵 = 𝑬 × 𝑨

𝑭 × 𝑼𝑭 × 𝑴𝑭

N = Number of lamps

E = IL luminance level required (Lux)

A = Area at working plane height (m x m)

F = Average luminous flux from each lamp (lm)

UF = Utilization factor, an allowance for light distribution of the luminaire and the room surfaces

MF = Maintenance factor, an allowance for reduced light output because of deterioration and dirt

Room Index

Room Index, RI, is the ratio of room plan area to half wall area between the

working and luminaire planes, which can be calculated by:

𝑹𝑰 = 𝑳 × 𝑾

𝑯𝒎 × (𝑳 + 𝑾)

Where,

L = Length of room

W = Width of room

𝐻𝑚 = Mounting height, the vertical distance between the working plane and

the luminaire.

Light Loss Factor

Light loss factor is need to be considered when calculate Lumen Method. It is

allowing forecasting the performance of the system over a given lifetime to meet

the minimum light standards it helps minimize the reliability of system has been

planned and designed for future operation.

The calculation for light loss factor is as below:

𝐿𝐿𝐹 = 𝐿𝐿𝐷 × 𝐿𝐷𝐷 × 𝐴𝑇𝐹 × 𝐻𝐸 × 𝑉𝐸 × 𝐵𝐹 × 𝐶𝐷

Where,

LLD = Lamp lumen depreciation

LDD = Luminaire dirt depreciation

ATF = Ambient temperature effects

HE = Heat extraction

VE = Voltage effects

BF = Driver and lamps factors

CD = Component depreciation

Fixture Properties

Type of fixture Coreline slim downlight

Image of fixture

Product dimension (mm) 215 (diameter)

Type of luminous Warm white

Luminous flux (lm) 2000

Power (W) 28

Color temperature (K) 3000

Color rendering index 80

Average life rate (hours) 50000

Daylight Factor

Floor Area 64.44m2

Average Daylight

Factor,DF

Df= W(TQ)/A(1-R)

=(5.83x3)(0.6x83)/136.89+2(5.83x3)+11.74x3)(1-

0.5)

=(17.4/204.89)99.6= 8.45%

Illuminance due to

Daylight

Df=(Et/Eo)100%

8.45%=(Et/20000)100

Et=1691lux

Note: This room is illuminated by daylight from

other window of the room.

Light Contour The kid’s corner has a daylight factor of 1691 lux. Based on the requirements of MS1525 shown in table, this space has a very bright with thermal and glare problem as within the range of >6 Lumen Method Calculation

Location Kids corner

Floor Area (A) 68.44m2

Standard illumination require

according to MS1525, E

300

Moutaning Height, mh 3m

Maintenance Factor 0.8

Reflectance Factor Ceiling White Plaster: 0.7

Wall White painted wall:0.5

Floor concrete screed: 0.35

Room Index, RI RI= 11.74x5.83/(11.74+5.83)3

=68.44/52.71

=1.3

Utilization Factor, UF 0.41 (based on table)

Number of fittings required, N N=300x68.44/2000x0.41

=20532/656

=30.3

30 number of lights needed

Popular Shop

Kids Corner

Light contour(daylight & artificial light)

Light contour (artificial light)

Kids Corner

The selected area of the kids corner is located at the back of the buildings 1st floor

facing toward east south, hence this area do not have direct sunlight due to lower

position of the sun. The purpose of the area is provide kids book and spaces such as

playful furniture to make it an interesting zone and books suitable to kids. Beside

that, the neighbor high rise has blocked most of the sunlight. Hence most of the time

the area is shaded, thus there is less heat gain on this space for children. Other than

that, the most of the natural light from this space is from the back, due to back

facade is an open while plantings act as buffer exterior heat and unsightly back

street. At the same time, the planting also provide for foreground against the greens

on the opposite. The space have provided for optimal reading conditions for the

users

Popular Shop

Popular Shop is selected, that place function as a working place for the staff. Most

of the paper work or even staff discussion is held at that area. This area does not

have any expose area towards sun. Hence, most of the time is shady if without

any artificial lighting. Furthermore, to have a standard lighting and achieve such

a requirement that having last long lighting I have chosen 40W led commercial

office led pendant light as the main artificial light source for that area. Therefore,

it can provide enough of light for that area and last long for area that require

turn of the artificial light most of the time

According to calculation 15 fixture arranged in 5 row and each row with 3 fixture

of Coroline slim down-light are required. Based on the area requirement, kids

corner does not need strong lighting due to the area having few faces that expose

to the natural light. Therefore, that area does not need artificial lighting all time

and to prevent strong lighting to kids. Based on requirement, the retina of kids

cannot afford strong lighting if not it will cause short sightedness.

According to calculation 12 fixtures arranged in 4 row and each row with 3 fixtures

of 40W leg commercial office led pendant lights are required to achieve the

recommended MS1525 illumination level of 300- 500 lux. This should provide for

sufficient artificial conditions for the use of admin office.