Slide 1
Product Life Cycle AnalysisTire1/21/20131
Carbon black and silicaare the basic tire fillers,providing the
necessarystructure to the compoundOther chemicals havevarious
functions, like oils, zinc oxide or anti-degradants to protect the
compoundSynthetic rubber is addedto natural rubber to achievethe
desired elasticityHigh-strength steel cords areapplied under the
tread of passengercar tires (and in the carcass oftruck tires)
while other steel wiresare located near the bead toassure adherence
to the rimPassenger car tires featurerayon or polyester cords
radiallydisposed along the carcass(radial tires), while nylon
cordsare placed under the treador near the bead areaNatural rubber
has unique elasticproperties and is an essential elementof a tire.
Truck tires have an evenhigher natural rubber contentthen passenger
car tiresComposition & Source 1/21/20132
Raw Materials of Tire Industry Overview(FY 2010-11) Tire
Industry is highly raw-material intensive. Raw materials cost
accounts for approx. 70% of Tire Industry Turnover. Given below is
the composition of raw-materials as a percentage (%) of Total Raw
Material Cost: Natural Rubber44%Nylon Tire Cord Fabric19%Carbon
Black12%Rubber Chemicals5%Butyl Rubber4%PBR5%SBR5%Others6% 63% of
total Natural Rubber consumption is by the Tire Sector, balance by
rubber based non-Tire industries. Total weight of raw-materials
consumed by Tire industry 17.50 Lakh M.T. Total Cost of Raw
Materials consumed by Tire industry Rs.21,000 Crores
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ProcessRubber is mixed with sulfur and accelerators.10 minutes
at 170 C Molded or extruded into shape.Heated after rubber has
taken final form
To improve resilience and elasticity, durability and utility
Vulcanization1/21/20134
MANUFACTURING Schematic of Tire Production Process
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Financial Year 2010-2011 (Est.) Turnover of Indian Tire Industry
Rs. 30,000 Crores Tire Production (Tonnage)14.88 lakh M.T. Tire
Production All Categories (Nos.)1192 LakhTire Export from India
(Value) :Rs. 3600 crores Number of Tire companies:39Industry
Concentration10 Large Tire companies account for over 95% of total
Tire production.Radialisation Level - Current (as a % of total Tire
production) Passenger Car Tires: 98% Light Commercial Vehicles:
18%Heavy Vehicles ( Truck & Bus ): 15%
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Category wise Tire Production in IndiaFinancial Year 2010-11 -
2011-12 ( April-September)(In Lakh Nos.)Tires
for:2010-112011-12Truck & Bus76.0877.99Passenger
Car124.46134.19Jeep7.637.47Light Commercial
Vehicle28.4034.00Tractor Front13.8814.19Tractor Rear9.189.73Tractor
Trailer4.644.60Animal Drawn Vehicle1.301.31Scooter / Moped
91.61109.80Motor Cycle209.91229.31Industrial3.003.36Off the Road
(OTR)0.910.98Total572.00626.93
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Estimated supplies of key Tire categoriesCategory
Production(Nos.)2010-11 (April-September) Segmentwise Percentage
supply(as % of Total Production) ReplacementMarket OEMs Export
Truck/Bus 7799228652114Passenger Car / Jeep 1416594442535LCV
3400113344125Tractor Front 14193735441Tractor Rear
97293834642Scooter / Moped1097995643534Motor Cycle
2293117346522
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Uses1/21/20139Transportation Sector Pneumatic tires, tubes and
automotive belts
Industrial Sector Product of material handling like conveyor and
transmission belt Others like plates, packing & sealing device,
gloves , mat.etc
Consumer sector Rubber clothing like gloves footwear Other
products like threads , eraser, golf ball ,mat etc
Tires and tubes are the largest consumers of rubber.
The remaining 44% are taken up by the general rubber goods (GRG)
(GRG)-hoses, belts, flooring, toys, gloves, erasers and rubber
bands
Picture : http://www.unctad.org/infocomm/anglais/rubber/uses.htm
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Disposal/ Dispersal MethodsEnergy recovery Alternative fuel .
Substitute for coal in steel plants. Reduced emissions. Lower
cost.FuelEnergy(Gigajoule/tonne)EmissionskgCO /tonnekgCO
/GigajouleTires32.02,27085Coal27.02,43090Pet coke32.43,240100Diesel
oil46.03,22070Natural gas39.01,98951Wood10.21,122110
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Disposal/ Dispersal MethodsMaterial recovery Construction
material Crumb or ground rubber applications.
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Examples Of Reuse
Slope stabilisationErosion controlConstruction bale
Coastal and fluvial protection
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Examples Of Reuse
Compacted shred Landfill cell (geotextile) Loose shred
Building insulation
Loose unbound chips :
Compacted unbound chips Bound chips Drainage systems
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Examples Of Reuse
Running tracksChildrens play groundsIndoor or outdoor
tiles/pavers
Sports arenas
Road furniture
Artificial turf1/21/201314
Disposal/ Dispersal MethodsOther Innovative And Emerging Uses
For End-of-life Tires
Electric arc furnaces and Pyrolysis
De-vulcanization
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Environmental Impact
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Environmental Impact
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References1/21/201319http://www.bir.org/assets/Documents/industry/ManagingEndOfLifeTyres.pdf
http://www.atmaindia.org
http://www.terdex.com/doc/Oekobilanz_en.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
http://www.newrubbertech.com/home.php
Questions ???1/21/201320
