Photography

Prepared by:

Cielo Uehara

Photography• Photography is derived from the Greek words Fotos

– light and graphein - to draw.

• It is a method of recording images by the action of light, or related radiation, on a sensitive material.

History of Photography

History of Photography• An art form invented in 1830s

• Camera Obscura• latin for the Dark Room

• invented around 13-14th centuries

• the instrument that people used for processing pictures and it was around for a few centuries before photography came along.

• Hassan ibn Ali• arabian scholar

• owner of the manuscript dated 10th century that describes the principles on which camera obscura works and on which analogue photography is based today.

• Giovanni Battista• was arrested and prosecuted on a charge of sorcery

for using the camera obscura.

• 1825• The first photo picture was taken by an French

inventor Joseph Niepce. It depicts a view from the window at Le Gras.

• 1839• Sir John Herschel came up with a way of making

the first glass negative as opposed to metal.

• Daguerreotype, an early form of photography that used metal plates

• The same year he coined the term Photography deriving from the Greek “fotos” meaning light and “graphein” – to write

Famous Photographers

Famous Photographers

•Alfred Stieglitz • an american photographer and a

promoter for modern art. Many believe it is Stieglitz who made photography as art what it is today.

• His work with the photography was revolutionary for how he portrayed still life and what he brought into photo portraits.

Felix Nadar• a pseudonym of Gaspard-Félix

Tournachon

• was a French caricaturist, journalist and – once photography emerged – became a photographer.

• most famous for pioneering the use of artificial lightning in photography

• known for depicting many famous people including Jule Verne, Alexander Dumas, Peter Kropotkin and George Sand.

Henri Cartier-Bresson

• was a French photographer who is believed to be the father of photojournalism. • Cartier-Bresson is most famous for

creating the “street photography” style of photojournalism.

• 1888• The mass use of cameras began with Eastman’s Kodak’s camera with

the slogan “You press the button, we do the rest”.

• 1901• the Kodak Brownie was introduced, becoming the first commercial

camera in the market

Elements of Photography

ELEMENTS OF PHOTOGRAPHY• Pattern • There are patterns all around us if we only learn to see them. Emphasizing

and highlighting these patterns can lead to striking shots – as can high lighting when patterns are broken.

• Symmetry• A symmetrical shot with strong composition and a good point of interest

can lead to a striking image – but without the strong point of interest it can be a little predictable.

• Symmetry is when a photograph looks like it consists of two objects that are mirror images of each other.

• Texture• Images a two dimensional thing yet with the clever use of ‘texture’ they

can come alive and become almost three dimensional.

• Texture particularly comes into play when light hits objects at interesting angles.

Pattern

Texture

Symmetry

• Depth of Field • Each picture should have only one principal idea, topic, or center of

interest to which the viewer's eyes are attracted.

• It can isolate a subject from its background and foreground (when using a shallow depth of field) or it can put the same subject in context by revealing it’s surrounds with a larger depth of field.

• Lines• Diagonal, Horizontal, Vertical and Converging lines all impact images

differently and should be spotted while framing a shot and then utilized to strengthen it.

• Framing • Framing involves identifying an obvious foreground object close to the

camera, with the main subject of the photograph further away.

Depth of Field

Framing

Lines

• Perspective• It is the point of view of the viewer of the photograph. Different

vantage points can convey different relationships with the objects depicted in the photograph.

• Space• There can be a fine line between filling your frame with your subject

(and creating a nice sense of intimacy and connection) and also giving your subject space to breath.

• Balance• The positioning with elements in a frame can leave an image feeling

balanced or unbalanced.

• Color• The colors in an image and how they are arranged can make or break a

shot. Bright colors can add vibrancy, energy and interest – however in the wrong position they can also distract viewers of an image away from focal points.

Perspective Balance

Space Color

Principles of Photography

Principles of Photography• Photographic composition is the pleasing arrangement of

subject matter elements within the picture area.

• Creative photography depends foremost on the photographer's ability to see as the camera sees because a photograph does not reproduce a scene quite the way we see it.

• Dividing the picture area into thirds, both vertically and horizontally, can usually create a feeling of balance to the composition .

• The principle of dynamic symmetry is a similar idea. By drawing or imagining a diagonal line from one corner to an opposite corner. A second line perpendicular to the first from a third corner. The intersections of the lines are the location for the center of interest.

• Simplicity is the key to most good pictures. There are several things to be considered when we discuss simplicity.

• First, select a subject that lends itself to a simple arrangement;

• Select different viewpoints or camera angles. View the scene through the camera viewfinder. Evaluate each view and angle.

• The last point of simplicity-tell only one story. Ensure there is only enough material in the picture to convey one single idea.

• Do not allow the scene to be cluttered with confusing elements and lines that detract from the primary point of the picture

Mediums of Photography

Mediums of Photography• SLR Camera ((single lens reflex)• is a camera that let photographers shoot with a

handheld camera with automatic or manual settings.

• the SLR camera can have a medium or wide lens, which makes the viewfinder large.

• Digital camera• are easy to manipulate as a photography method.

• this camera technology allows a photographer to shoot hundred of pictures without worrying about running out of film, instead of light burning on film inside the camera, light hits a "digital sensor array,"

• Pinhole Camera• uses the same logic as the original camera obscura, though in

smaller form. While the camera obscura was a large as a house and needed a mirror, a pinhole camera just uses a tiny hole and photographic paper to make a negative image

Kinds of Photography

Kinds of Photography• Portrait Photography

also known as portraiture is photography of a person or group of people that captures the personality of a subject by using effective lighting, backdrops, and poses.

• Nature Photography refers to a wide range of photography taken outdoors and devoted to

displaying natural elements such as landscapes, wildlife, plants, and close-ups of natural scenes and textures.

• Still Life Photography a genre of photography used for the depiction of inanimate subject

matter, typically a small group of objects

• Wildlife Photography a genre of photography concerned with documenting various forms of

wildlife in their natural habitat.

Portrait Photography Nature Photography

Still Life Photography Wildlife Photography

• Macro Photography is extreme close-up photography, usually of very small subjects, in which

the size of the subject in the photograph is greater than life size

• Abstract Photography sometimes called non-objective, experimental, conceptual or concrete

photography, is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

Macro Photography Abstract Photography

End of Slide