57
Accident at Russia’s Biggest Hydroelectric Sayano-Shushenskaya – 2009 August 17

Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Citation preview

Page 1: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Accident at Russia’s Biggest Hydroelectric

Sayano-Shushenskaya – 2009 August 17

Page 2: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

By:

Euler CruzConsulting Engineer – Turbines

Rafael CesárioMechanical Engineer

Brasil – 2009 Aug 24

Page 3: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Objetive

This presentation aims to disseminate some technical and general aspects of the accident. A long and detailed work must be done in order to provide understanding about what happened, in

order to help all Owners to prevent such accidents.

NoteThis is a preliminary analysis made based only on pictures

and films, done no longer than one week after the accident. Only hypotheses are formulated.

Page 4: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

1- Main Characteristics

Number of Units: 10 Turbine Type: Francis (16 blades) Rated Power: 650 MW each Rated Discharge per Unit: 358,5 m³/s Nominal Speed: 142,86 rpm Net Head: 194 m Operation Date: 1978 Runner Weight: 156 ton Runner Diameter: 6,77 m

Page 5: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

2 - Main CharacteristicsOne of the world's largest hydro-electric plants, its dam is

245 m (800 ft) high and stretches 1 km (0.6 miles) across the Yenisei river.

Opened in 1978, the station provides a quarter of RusHydro output and is a major power supplier to at least two smelters owned by United Company RUSAL, the world's largest aluminium producer.

The hydroelectric power station is located on the Yenisei River, near Sayanogorsk in Khakassia, Russia. Before the accident, it was the largest power plant in Russia and the sixth-largest hydroelectric plant in the world.

Page 6: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

PenstocksSpillway

Powerhouse

Dam

Control Building

12345678910Units

Page 7: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 8: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 9: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

General View

Page 10: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Penstocks

Lines

Spillway

Pow

erhouse

Transformers

Page 11: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 12: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

The Accident – 2009 Aug 17

Page 13: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

The accident

At 08:13 local time (00:13 GMT) on 17 August 2009, the station suffered a catastrophic "pressure surge" in turbine known as a water hammer. The sudden water pressure surge resulted in the ejection of turbine 2 with all equipment, a total weight some 900 tons, from its seat.

Turbines 7 and 9 also suffered from severe damage, while the turbine room roof fell on and damaged turbines 3, 4 and 5. Turbine 6, which was in scheduled repair at the time of accident, received only minor damage as it was the only one of the station's 10 turbines that did not receive electrical damage due to shorting of transformers, and it will be restarted as soon as possible.

Water immediately flooded the engine and turbine rooms and caused a transformer explosion.

On 23 August 2009, authorities said 69 people were found dead while 6 people are still listed as missing. Efforts to pump flood water from the engine room and complete a search for the missing workmen are expected to take 3 to 8 days.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Sayano%E2%80%93Shushenskaya_hydroelectric_power_station_accident

Page 14: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Before the Accident

Power Units

Sump Tank

Air-Oil Tanks

GovernorPumps Generators floor

Crane

Page 15: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Generator floor

After the Accident

Air-Oil Tanks

Sump Tank

Crosshead – Unit 2

Colector Ring

Unit 1

Unit 2

Floor

Page 16: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

General View

Floor

Page 17: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

General View

Page 18: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Before the Accident

Generator Runner

Generator Rotor – Unit 5

The accident started here

Page 19: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Crosshead

Sump Tank (turned)

Air-Oil Tank

Page 20: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 21: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Unit 9: destroyed

Unit 7: destroyed

Page 22: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Unit 9

Unit 7

Page 23: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

The Powerhouse crane is above the assembly area

Page 24: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Generator Upper Bearing

Generator rotor

Destroyed column

Enclosed Bus

Page 25: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

The remains of the rotor spider

Page 26: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Water + Oil

Page 27: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Enclosed Bus

Page 28: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Assembly Area

Smaller Runner Generator’s Poles

Crosshead

Crane

Downstream crane rail

Page 29: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 30: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

TransformerRoof Beams

Page 31: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 32: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Roof

Roof

Page 33: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 34: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 35: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 36: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Consequences76 people dead.

Question: By this number, maybe there was approx. 100 people in the Powerhouse. Normally, even during maintenance works, there aren't so many people. Why was there so many people?

Page 37: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Consequences

It will cost at least $310 million. A long time to repair the damages. The production of more than

500,000 tons of aluminum will be lost.

Oil slick is travelling down the river.

Page 38: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Consequences• It is not clear how many people were potentially affected by the accident.

• The plant satisfied 10% of Siberia’s energy needs.

• Aluminum smelters consumed over 70% of the energy generated by the power plant.

Page 39: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Our main hypotheses about the sequence of the disaster: (Attention: Preliminary hypotheses based only on the pictures)

Sudden closing of the Unit 2 wicket gates. Heavy waterhammer in the spiral case and penstock, causing their

collapse. Upward force, resulted from the waterhammer, destroying the civil

structure over the spiral case and penstock. Pressure of the upstream water causing elevation of structures and

peaces. Heavy reverse waterhammer (draft tube) causing elevation of the

turbine cover, shaft, etc. Rapid flooding of the Powerhouse. Units 7 and 9, without closing, in runaway speed with the generators

inside the flood water.

1 - Causes

Page 40: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Our main hypotheses about the cause of the sudden closing:

A large piece entered in the turbine runner and stuck in it (could not pass the exit of the blades, which is of smaller dimensions).

This piece turned with the runner and hit all the wicket gates, causing their sudden closing, at a fraction of a second.

This piece could be: a log (passed by an opening in the trashrack), stay vane or wicket gate broke.

Or (less probably): Rupture of the governor oil pipe in the closing side of the distributor

servomotors (in this case, the orifice that controls the oil flow should be in the pipe and not in the body of the servomotors).

Rupture in sequence of the wicket gates links; closing by hydraulic tendency.

2 - Causes

Page 41: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 42: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 43: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Unit 2

Units 7 and 9

Page 44: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

FloodFlood

Page 45: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Seeking the victims

Preliminary works

Page 46: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 47: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 48: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 49: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Situation on Saturday 2009 Aug 22

Page 50: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 51: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 52: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 53: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant
Page 54: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Aparently the water is already

drained

Page 55: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Continuing the seeking of victims.

and

Finishing the cleaning of the debris. Completing the drainage of the water. Constructing a temporary roof (one week) and then a better one

(two months or less) to protect against the winter (this will prevent new photos…).

Recover the columns and beams supporting the rails of the Powerhouse Crane, to allow its use.

Some Next Steps

Page 56: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

News – August 21 NOVOSIBIRSK, August 21 (Itar-Tass) - The water level in the inundated

turbine room of Sayano-Shushenskaya hydropower plant where the water pumping out was started on Thursday, decreased by 2 meters by Friday morning

A total of more than 30 thousand cubic meters of water have been pumped out. It is necessary to pump out a total of 250 thousand cubic meters of water.

Minister Sergei Shoigu earlier set the task to install additional pumps and thereby increase the volume of pumped out water to 4 thousand cubic meters per hour. “By increasing the capacity we will fulfill this task (water pumping out) in 32 hours,” the minister said.

Thirteen pumps have been put into operation in the water pumping efforts at the plant. The debris clearing operation continues. According to latest reports, 4,650 cubic meters of reinforced concrete structures have been moved out from the hydroelectric station.

At present, about 2 thousand people and 116 machinery units are engaged in the Sayano-Shusehnskaya HPP catastrophe liquidation efforts.

http://itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=14255520&PageNum=0

Page 57: Accident At Russias Biggest Hydroelectric Plant

Some References http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1207093/Accident-

Russias-biggest-hydroelectric-plant-leaves-seven-workers-dead.html

http://www.newsdaily.com/stories/tre57h1qb-us-russia-dam/

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8204860.stm

http://englishrussia.com/?p=4853

http:// www.1tv.ru