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South AsiaThe Physical Geography
Standard 8.2.1
• You should be able to identify the major political features of the region
• Demonstrate mastery by successfully labeling the following countries on a map:
Pakistan
Capital: Islamabad
India
Capital: New Delhi
Sri Lanka
Capital: Colombo
Nepal
Capital: Kathmandu
Bhutan
Capital: Thimphu
Bangladesh
Capital: Dhaka
Check for Understanding
• On the handout given to you by the teacher, label the countries in the map to follow under the section titled “Standard 8.2.1 Checking for Understanding”
2.
1.
3.
4. 5
6.
2. India
1. Sri Lanka
3. Bangladesh
4. Nepal 5. Bhutan
6. Pakistan
Standard 8.2.2
• You should be able to IDENTIFY and LOCATE the major physical features of the region– Mountains (Himalaya, Hindu Kush, Vindya
Range, Eastern and Westerh Ghats)
– Plains/Plateaus (Indo-Gangetic, Chota Nogpur, Deccan, Karnataka)
– Islands (Sri Lanka and Maldives)– Rivers (Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra)
Let’s Begin
• Use the section titled “The Land” in your handout to take notes
A Separate Land
• Subcontinent• Large, distinct
landmass • joined to a continent• Natural barriers• 1/2 the size of the
United States
Mountains: The Himalaya
• Plate tectonics• Subcontinent
collided with Asia - 60 million years ago
• 1000 miles across northern edge
• Mt. Everest - world’s highest peak
As seen from Space
Do you remember what a rain shadow is?
Mt. Everest
29,035 Feet
Karakoram Mountains
• Northernmost part of South Asia
• Connect with Himalayas
Hindu Kush
• Completes chain in the west
• Kept India isolated and protected
• Khyber Pass - only way in for many years
Vindhya Range
• Central India• Divides India into Northern and Southern
regions• Two distinct Indian cultures have emerged
Eastern and Western Ghats
• Triangle of rugged hills
• Eroded hills
Plains and Plateaus
• Deccan Plateau• Once covered in
Lava• Rich black soil• Semi-arid• Western Ghats
prevent rain from reaching it
Karnataka Plateau
• South of the Deccan• Receives more rain• Dense rain forest
Tha Ganges Plain
• Indo-Gangetic Plain• Holds 1/10th of
human population• Fertile plain• World’s largest
alluvial plain• Watered by
Ganges, Indus and Brahmaputra
Chota Nogpur Plateau
• Northeast India• High tableland• Forest
Sri Lanka
• Tear Drop shape• Broke away from
subcontinent
Maldives
• 116 Sq. miles of land area
• Cover 35,000 miles of ocean
• Southernmost nation of South Asia
Rivers - 3 Major Systems
• Indus River• Mostly in Pakistan• Empties into
Arabian Sea• Important
transportation route
• “Cradle of Ancient India”
The Brahmaputra River
• From Himalaya into India and Bangladesh
• Joins Ganges at the delta
• Empties into Bay of Bengal
• Ships can navigate as far as 800 miles
• Hydroelectricity - 50% of Bangladesh’s power
The Ganges River
• Most important• Summer monsoons
cause massive flooding
• Hindus consider its waters sacred
• Most densely populated plain
Foldable Summary
• Create a four door foldable (Like the one used for the Climate and Vegetation of Sub Saharan Africa)
• 1st, create a two door foldable • Next, divide each door into two doors• Label each door using the following:
Mountains, Islands, Rivers, and Plains/Plateaus
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