Wsn

BY

SWAPNIL G. JALLAPELLI ABDEALI JANODWALA

KESHAV CHAVAN

PROJECT GUIDE:

Prof. SAJID NAEEM(HEAD, DEPT. OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE),

AKI’S POONA COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE, CAMP, PUNE-411001.

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A PROJECT ON

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OUTLINE

AIM OBJECTIVES NEED OF THE SYSTEM TEMPERATURE NODE PRESSURE NODE I-BUTTON NODE APPLICATION FUTURE SCOPE ADVANTAGES DIFFICULTIES COME ACROSS THE PROJECT CONCLUSION REFERANCES ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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AIM

To design, build and test the circuit for

wireless sensors network.

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OBJECTIVES

To study the Wireless Sensor Network(WSN).

To design AVR based circuit for WSN.

To program and study the working of AVR

microcontroller (ATmega8).

To network different sensors such as

Temperature, Pressure, I-button.

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NEED OF THE SYSTEM

Portable, economical and user friendly device for

security and effective communication.

Easy to design.

To use in day to day life for home and small scale

industries.

Less power consumption than other surveillance

devices.

Less maintenance.

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TEMPERATURE NODE

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BLOCK DIAGRAM Sensor Node 1:

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IC LM35

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF TEMPERATURE NODE

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WORKING:-WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

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NETWORKING DIFFERENT SENSORS (TEPERATURE, PRESSURE

&

I-BUTTON) USING MESH TOPOLOGY.

CIRCUITRY CONSISTS OF DIFFERENT NODES WITH ALMOST

SAME

TYPE OF COMPONENTS.

TEMPERATURE SONSOR:

IC LM35.

INBUILT ADC.

MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA8.

LCD.

RF TRANSCEIVER.

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LM-35

Features Calibrated directly in ˚ Celsius (Centigrade). Linear + 10.0 mV/˚C scale factor. 0.5˚C accuracy guaranteeable (at +25˚C). Rated for full −55˚ to +150˚C range. Suitable for remote applications. Low cost due to wafer-level trimming. Operates from 4 to 30 volts. Less than 60 µA current drain. Low self-heating, 0.08˚C in still air. Low impedance output, 0.1 Ω for 1 mA

load.

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ADC:-

10-bit Resolution. 13µs - 260µs Conversion Time. 6 Multiplexed Single Ended Input Channels. 2 Additional Multiplexed Single Ended Input

Channels (TQFP and QFN). Optional Left Adjustment for ADC Result

Readout. 0 - VCC ADC Input Voltage Range. Selectable 2.56V ADC Reference Voltage. Free Running or Single Conversion Mode. Interrupt on ADC Conversion Complete. Sleep Mode Noise Canceler.

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RF MODULE

The CC2500 is a low-cost 2.4 GHz transceiver designed for very low-power wireless applications.

The circuit is intended for the 2400-2483.5 MHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) and SRD (Short Range Device)frequency band.

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It gives 30 meters range with onboard antenna.

In a typical system, this trans-receiver will be used together with a microcontroller.

Low power consumption. High sensitivity. Operation voltage: 1.8~3.6 Volts.

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MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA8.

High-performance and Low-power consumption.

Advanced RISC Architecture. High Endurance Non-volatile Memory

segments Peripheral Features. Special Microcontroller Features. I/O and Packages. Operating Voltages. Operating frequency.

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PRESSURE NODE

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Sensor Node 2:

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF PRESSURE NODE

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WORKING OF PRESSURE NODE

PERSSURE SENSOR: IC SPD015A. INBUILT ADC. MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA8. LCD. RF TRANSCEIVER.

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SDP015A

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SPD015A:-

SPD015A is a silicon based pressure sensor of absolute type.

It consist of four strain gauges in bridge circuit.

The bridge is etched on an elastic membrane which encloses small volume low reference pressure.

The membrane is deformed due to change of outside pressure and this result in change in resistance.

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I-BUTTON NODE

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I-BUTTON (DS1990A)

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Sensor Node 3:

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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WORKING OF I BUTTON

I-BUTTON NODE: I-button (DS1990A) MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA8. LCD. RF TRANSCEIVER.

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DS1990A I-BUTTON Number iButtons to reside on a common bus Unique 48–bit serial number Low-cost electronic key for access control Can be read in less than 5 ms Operating temperature range of -40°C to

+85°C Unique, factory-lasered and tested 64-bit

registration number (8-bit family code + 48- bit serial number + 8-bit CRC tester) assures

absolute traceability because no two parts are alike.

Digital identification by momentary contact Chip-based data carrier compactly stores

information.

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Data can be accessed while affixed to an object

Standard 16 mm diameter and 1-WireTM protocol ensure compatibility with iButton family

Button shape is self-aligning with cup shaped probes

Durable stainless steel case engraved with registration number withstands harsh environments

Easily affixed with self-stick adhesive backing, latched by its flange, or locked with a ring pressed onto its rim.

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MASTER NODE

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Sensor Node 4: (Master Node)

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WORKING OF MASTER NODE

MASTER NODE: PC. RS 232. MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA8. LCD. RF TRANCEIVER.

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APPLICATIONS

The digital data output can be used as record in a

subsequent data storage system.

It can be used as a modular device.

It can be used for security purposes in small scale industries

and house hold domain.

It can be used for temperature, pressure , etc sensing,

recordkeeping and maintaining.

The use of microcontroller in this device makes it more self

reliant and easily readable in user friendly language.

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FUTURE SCOPE

It can be used publically on a large scale with

necessary modifications.

It can be used as a substitute to the heavy and

large surveillance systems as a better and more

faster means of maintenance and recordkeeping

device.

As it is user friendly, portable and affordable it can

be a better option for mass usage.

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The presence of microcontroller makes it

more efficient and with add on facilities the

record tracking of regular activities is also

easily possible.

It can serve as an ideal and multipurpose

device by making necessary enhancements.

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ADVANTAGES

The device is economical, portable and user

friendly as compared to any other security

systems.

It requires less maintenance than other

conventional system.

Such a device is easy to design, build and

test than any other complicated system.

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DIFFICULTIES COME ACROSS THE PROJECT

The programming of the microcontroller was

very lengthy and difficult.

The code overflow was a major concern as the

microcontroller was 8-bit.

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CONCULSION

Designed, built and tested the

“WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK” for

multipurpose industrial and house hold

applications.

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REFERENCES

William Stallings, Wireless Communication and Networking, Prenctice Hall 2002

Maxim-Ic, http://www.maxim-ic.com Atmel Corporation, http://www.atmel.com Figure 8 Wireless,

http://www.gure8wireless.com AVR Freaks, http://www.avrfreaks.com Texas Instruments, http://www.ti.com Efymag.com, September 2009 volume.

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THANK YOU!

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