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How can Lean/Kanban concepts help manage dev/test more effectively in an Agile environment? Excerpt from Agile Testing training by Agilesparks
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development
testi
ng
effo
rt
timeend of cycle
Lean in Agile Testing
Using Kanban and Cumulative Flow to effectively manage
Agile TestingYuval Yeret
Copyright notice
These slides are licensed under Creative Commons. Feel free to use these slides & pictures as you wish, as long as you leave my name and the Agilesparks logo somewhere. /
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Throughout a traditional project/release, workload is usually unbalanced, creating severe bottlenecks
development
testi
ng
effo
rt
time end of cycle
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Let’s start with a classic burndown/burnup chart
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40
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Burndown / Burnup
DONE (BURNUP)ACTUAL REMAINING EFFORTPLANNED REMAINING EFFORT
Time
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So we want to get to this…
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40
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Burndown / Burnup
DONE (BURNUP)ACTUAL REMAINING EFFORTPLANNED REMAINING EFFORT
Time
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Keys to steady burnup
• Effectively sized and testable stories– Allow finishing work end to end quickly
• Focus on few stories at a time, rather than work on too much at once
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
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Burndown / Burnup
Time
How do we Visualize the work status in more depth?
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TODO Work in
Process (WIP)
Done
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The Cumulative Flow Diagram
• Introduced in Lean Product Development by Don Reinertsen and David Anderson
• Visualize where the Features/Stories are in the workflow across time
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TODO Work in
Process (WIP)
Done
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TO DO IN PROGRESS DONE
Elad
Inbar
Elad
Mushon
Mushon
Inbar
InbarMushon
Elad
TO DO IN PROGRESS DONE
1 8 1
TO DO
IN PROGRESS DONE
1 8 1
How to do a CFD
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How to do a CFD
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What you see on a CFD
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Work in Process (WIP)
Average Cycle Time
TODO
Done
Burnup
Total Scope
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
20
40
60
80
100
120
Elaborating the WIP
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TODO Dev
Done
Test
Heavy load on QA
Heavy load on Dev
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Discussion – What do you see happening in your teams?
• Are all stories finished each Sprint?– How are the teams achieving that?
• What happens to those stories that are not finished?
• How does the open defects count look during the release?
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Lets Sprint!
This is the Kanban Story Board for a Scrum Sprint
First – lets see how it looks without any focus on Flow
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First day - starting many stories at once - each to his
own
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Day 4
after a few days, a story is
finally ready for testing...
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Day 6
What do you think so far?
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Day 8
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Board at Sprint Review Time
What’s this ?
Why?
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“Scrumfall” in CFD
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Work in Process (WIP)
Average Cycle Time
TODO
Done
Burnup
Total Scope
241 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
20
40
60
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100
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If we use a WIP Limit...
TODO
Dev
Done
Test
Work in Process (WIP)
Average Cycle Time
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Pop Quiz
• What does this mean?
Full story at http://yuvalyeret.com/2010/08/03/finding-the-right-dev-to-test-ratio-when-working-in-kanban/
Blocked/Impeded
Card
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Pop Quiz
Full story at http://yuvalyeret.com/2010/08/03/finding-the-right-dev-to-test-ratio-when-working-in-kanban/
A lot of
WIP in
Test
Empty Test Done
Empty downstrea
m (Bubble)
Dev Done
almost Full
Test Bottleneck!
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Dealing with bottlenecks – tactical level
D
DD
TTT
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How can I help
current stories?
Help us with
Blocker
Fix open defects on our Stories
Help us automate tests for this story
WIP Limit!Can’t start new DEV
work!
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Dealing with bottlenecks – strategic view
DD
D
TTT
3
How can I help you be more
efficient?
Help us do ATDD so you can develop based on our
test expectations,
and also offload some
automation effort from us
Automate
Setups and Test
Data
Improve Dev Done quality! – less retesting
for us
Half of our work is not core test work. Maybe you can take some of it, or
help us reduce waste there
Come pair with us, you’ll
probably see things from our perspective and
have some ideas how to
help!
Creating more Blue Light - TOC
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What happens if DONE DONE is a lot of work?
• Examples:– Non-functional Testing– E2E Testing– I18N/L10N/Documentation– Test Automation
• Alternatives– Make the sprint longer to include them –
BAD– Don’t include them – how to manage
them then?
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DONEDONE DONE
READY
Flowing all the way to DONE DONE
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Example Policy - Classes of Service for Downstream Involvement
• Red – Must be involved hands on• Yellow – Advise/Consult, but most
work in Teams• Green – don’t need any
involvement• Why? To get best results with
available resources
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Pop Quiz• What do you think is happening here?• Do we have a bottleneck ?
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Build Quality In
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Jidoka – Stop the line
• Don’t let defects accumulate and hurt you later
• Keep the open defects count LOW
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Summary
Limit work in process:Stop starting, start
finishing
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Want to learn more?
• Lean-flavored Agile Testing Training by Agilesparks– http://
www.agilesparks.com/files/AgileTestingAS.pdf
• Kanban training by Agilesparks– http://
www.agilesparks.com/files/KanbanforManagers.pdf
• Contact us at info@agilesparks.com for more information
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