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I used these slides to teach a class of 70 students from the Post Graduate Diploma and the Masters Programme in Information Systems, in the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. August, 2008
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Understanding Interoperability through Mobile Phones
Scenario One
mobile phones
Different manufacturers >
Different Hardware >Different Software >Different Service providers >
Image source: www.techmantra.info
mobile phones
Call/SMS >
Image source: www.techmantra.info
mobile phones
Call/SMS >
Image source: www.techmantra.info
Interoperability
Scenario Two
mobile phones
Low Battery >
mobile phones
Low Battery >
mobile phones
Low Battery >
mobile phones
Low Battery >
No interoperability
mobile phones
Low Battery >
Solution?
Source: http://flickr.com/photos/hudsonfamily/1345296434/
Source: http://flickr.com/photos/hudsonfamily/1345296434/
Solution???
Source: http://flickr.com/photos/hudsonfamily/1345296434/
Standards!
Source: http://flickr.com/photos/hudsonfamily/1345296434/
Standards!
What to standardize?
Source: http://flickr.com/photos/hudsonfamily/1345296434/
Standards!
What to standardize?
How much to standardize?
Source: http://flickr.com/photos/hudsonfamily/1345296434/
Standards!
What to standardize?
How much to standardize?
Interoperability: a balancing act!
Standardization and Variability
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n High
Low
Interoperability
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n More you standardize: easier it is to make systems 'talk' with each other.
High
Low
Interoperability
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n More you standardize: easier it is to make systems 'talk' with each other.
But, there is a catch!
High
Low
Interoperability
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n More you standardize: easier it is to make systems 'talk' with each other.
But, there is a catch!
Results in a 'homogeneous system': 'Obvious Interoperability'
High
Low
Interoperability
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n More you standardize: easier it is to make systems 'talk' with each other.
But, there is a catch!
Results in a 'homogeneous system': 'Obvious Interoperability'
The real challenge is to remain 'different' but still be able to 'talk' to each other!
High
Low
Interoperability
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n
Low
High
Interoperability
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n
Interoperability with middletier (adapter) tech
Low
High
Interoperability
Example of Interoperability with middletier (adapter) tech
Source: http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/electricity.htm
Source: http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/electricity.htmSource: www.nokiaasia.com/link?cid=EDITORIAL_251325
Source: http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/electricity.htmSource: www.nokiaasia.com/link?cid=EDITORIAL_251325
Source: http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/electricity.htmSource: www.nokiaasia.com/link?cid=EDITORIAL_251325
Adapter
Variability
Stan
dard
izatio
n
Interoperability with middletier (adapter) tech
Interoperability without middletier tech
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