The New Age of Cryptography

Yael Tauman KalaiMicrosoft Research

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Message M

Cryptography, Once Upon a Time

Focus: protecting communication

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A Brave New World

New focus: protecting computation

Today: Highlight 4 major challenges

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http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photography-cartoon-man-laptop-image25887867&ei=5ApiVL3xN9PdsASnl4GYBg&bvm=bv.79189006,d.cWc&psig=AFQjCNHCjPrZELz3VgThuRBqvpyI0I0eXA&ust=1415797628608676

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.bigdata-careers.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/big-data.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.bigdata-careers.com/&docid=JOU0G-P7j819yM&tbnid=WVDVQlvp6zU9zM:&w=1000&h=565&ei=m4VhVPuCM9PesATj-YG4Cw&ved=0CAIQxiAwAA&iact=c

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://www.mrwallpaper.com/view/Calculation-Formulae-1920x1080/&ei=VA1iVJPXBcfHsQTM2oGwDQ&bvm=bv.79189006,d.cWc&psig=AFQjCNE9Fv8kM_lBjCltEYtSB6oalFrxRw&ust=1415798262668929

Privacy?

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE)

𝑚

𝑓 (𝑚)

Without learning anything!

𝑓

FHE

Pillar 1: Constuct efficient and secure Fully Homomorphic Encryption schemes.

Gmail

𝑚 𝑚

Spam Filter

FHE hides too much!

Functional Encryption

𝑓

𝑓 (𝑚)

𝑚

Nothing else!

Gmail

𝑚 𝑚

𝑓spam checker

Pillar 2. Construct secure and efficient functional encryption schemes

Program Obfuscation

𝑚 𝑚

Obfuscated filter algorithm

DecryptsFilters

Re-encrypts

𝑚 𝑚

Obfuscated filter algorithm

Pillar 3: Construct secure and efficient program obfuscation schemes

DecryptsFilters

Re-encrypts

Privacy?

Integrity?

Compute 𝑓 (𝑀 )

𝑀=¿

proof

Help me compute

𝑓 (𝑥) proof

Verifying should be much easier than computing!

Proving should not be much harder than computing!

Delegating Computation

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vpNF5cI1hS-9bM&tbnid=ChC_FzDtCIOMaM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://www.tumblr.com/tagged/exclamation%20mark?before=48&ei=f_g5UpWECMGAqwH56IHwBQ&psig=AFQjCNGgKmynWnzqw6qqtyG1whHMzonDPw&ust=1379617279196252

Compute 𝑓 (𝑀 )

𝑀=¿

proof

Pillar 4: Construct efficient and secure delegation schemes

Summary

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Classical Cryptography:

New Age Cryptography:

Computation

Thank You!

The New Age of Cryptography

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