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Presentation at Agua2009, November 2009 in Cali, Colombia. Cecilia Oman.
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SCIENTIFIC CAPACITY STRENGTHENING FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
FACING CLIMATE CHANGE
Cecilia Öman Royal Institute of Technology, SwedenInternational Foundation for Science
Local strategies
Ownership
Content
Ownership
Monitoring and evaluation
Scientific capacity strengthening activities
The Water Cycle
Subsidising investments to decrease emissions of carbon dioxide
Cleaner Development Mechanism CDM
decrease emissions of carbon dioxide
Challenge one
� Developing countries lack institutional and economic capacity to cope with climate change impacts and to rebuild the infrastructure damaged by natural disasters
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� Dependent on external aid when affected by a natural disaster, developing countries are
� Lack the resources to carry out adaptation studies and to implement the strategies emerging from these studies
Carbon credit
� Trading system between industrialised countries and developing countries
� One carbon credit equals one ton of carbon dioxide emitted
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dioxide emitted
� Value on the spot market (10-25€/carbon credit)
Eligibility
� Qualified countries are those who signed the Kyoto protocol
� Qualified project are those where the owner can show that the carbon credits are required to fund
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show that the carbon credits are required to fund the necessary investments
� Thus the investment are not economical sound without the subsidizing of carbon credits
Typical CDM projects
� Wind mill farms
� Small Hydropower plants
� Different furnaces� cement and steel industry
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cement and steel industry
� Collection and energy production of biogas from landfills
� … and all those projects would not been invested in unless subsidized by carbon credits
Sustainable local strategy
� Local strategies builds on
� Identifying priorities, providing information, research
� Change in behaviour builds on
� Ownership, motivation
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� Ownership, motivation
� Sutstainability requires
� Monitoring and evaluation
� Scientific capacity can be efficiently strengthened
� Through a well defined program of activities
Local strategies
• high quality• at all levels
Access to technology
• implementation of Well defined roles
Target
• implementation of adaptation strategies
Well defined roles and responsibilities
• regional, national, local• climate change, adaptation
Dissemination of information
Science-based analysis and modeling
Provide communities
Local strategies
Provide communities with local information
Identify priorities for climate change adaptation planning
Local information
�Changing temperatures
�Precipitation patterns
Glacial recession
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�Glacial recession
�Changing stream and river flows
High-level policy makers
especially targeted
Sectoral level more likely to mainstream
Address stakeholders
Sectoral level policy makers, planners and managers
more likely to mainstream adaptation to climate
change into on-going and planned work
National and international experts and researchers
share their knowledge with decision makers
and planners
Local strategy participatory approach1. The relevant stakeholders from the most vulnerable
sectors of the economy and regions within the country are involved
2. High-level policy makers are aware of the importance of the issueThe general public is made more aware about the
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3. The general public is made more aware about the issues
4. Special focus is given to the most vulnerable regions and populations within each country
5. All relevant institutions within the government as well as civil society need to be made aware of the problem and their respective roles in dealing with it
Research supported in-country
Local strategy requirements
Research results translated into
language and time scales
relevant for stakeholders
All relevant stakeholders involved -
information must be adapted
To seek the good solutions and be flexible to meet well a variety of challenges... Grasp opportunitites
Change in behavior, ownership
change in behavior
support required
Elements of ownership
1. Decision for action to change is based on how the problem is perceive
2. Motivation for change is high if
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2. Motivation for change is high if the advantages are important than the disadvantages
3. Motivation varies between countries and stakeholder
3 Pillars
� Participatory approach �involving all stakeholders
�Appropriate technology
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�equipment, infrastructure
� Financial mechanism �autonomous financial resources
3 Pillars
Financial Mechanism
Policy &
strategy
Financial Mechanism
Institutional
environment
Management Development
Monitoring and evaluation
Outcome mapping
� Focuses on Outcomes
�Changes in behavior towards which the
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Changes in behavior towards which the planned intervention is contributing
�www.outcomemapping.ca
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Scientific capacity strengthening
IFS support strategy
Initiate new scientific research
Generate results
research
Inform and implement
Follow-up
Major constraints for research in developing countries
Poor library facilities
Nonavailability of research equipment
Lack of funds
as identified by 700 researchers
from Gaillard, J.; Tullberg, A. F. Questionnaire survey of African scientists - IFS grantees and INCO beneficiaries. Report No 2, IFS MESIA Impact Studies, International Foundation for Science, Stockholm, Sweden, 2001
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Lack of transportation
Heavy teaching and administration load
Low salaries / lack of incentives
Lack of competent support staff
Poor library facilities
%
Funds
1. Workshops� develop scientific research
proposal for funding� scientific methodology
2. Project proposal reviewed
IFS support for fundraising
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2. Project proposal reviewed � 10 international senior researchers
3. Workshop for revision of research proposals 4. Research grants
Equipment and Support staff
IFS equipment support
� Research grant for procuring equpiment
� Support procurement
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� Support universities
� procurement, maintenance, repair
� training on use, maintenance and repair of equipment
� equipment management strengthening program PRISM
Literature
Literature
� Training courses
� Finding literarture on internet
� Developing a literature review
� In collaboration with
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� In collaboration with
INASP, OARE, HINARI, AGORA
Transportation to field sites
� Research grant for visit field sites
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Generation of scientific results
� Training courses �good sampling and laboratory practices
� statistical methods and
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� statistical methods and experimental designs
�equipment use and maintenance
� Thematic workshops
� Mobilising networks
Dissemination and implementation
� Training courses
� oral presentations, posters, scientific papers
� Funds to participation in
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� Funds to participation in scientific conferences
� Workshops –platform for communication
� researchers, policy-makers, public, private sector, development organisations, media
Gender balance among scientists
1. Networking
2. Role-models
3. Fair recognition in relation to merits
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3. Fair recognition in relation to merits
4. Tools for how to manage work career and family management
“The unbalanced distribution of scientific activity in the world generates serious problems
not only for the scientific community in the developing countries,
but for development itself”but for development itself”
Koffi Annan
Previous Secretary-General of the United Nations
Summary
� Local strategies builds on
� Identifying priorities, providing information, research
� Change in behaviour builds on
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� Change in behaviour builds on
� Ownership, motivation
� Sutstainability requires
� Monitoring and evaluation
� Scientific capacity can be efficiently strengtened
� Through a well defined program of activities
Ana Dorly Jaramillo
Paola Vasquez
Acknowledgement
Paola Vasquez
Centro Regional de Producción Más Limpia
www.ifs.se
“Strengthening Capacity for
Thank you for your attention!
“Strengthening Capacity for Water Resources Research in Countries with
Vulnerable Scientific Infrastructure”
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