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- 1. B y: Emma Palazon, ElenaMontoya, Julia Serrano andMarina
Vega.
- 2. 1st. Sourcing of raw materialsNatural sources principally
Natural Gas, Oiland Coal2nd. Synthesis of monomerssmall subunits
that synthesize and formbigger molecules monomers. Joinedtogether
polymer
- 3. ThermocompressionThermosetting products bycompressing the
hot plastic in a mold. Eg:TapeExtrusion molding very similar to
howspaguetti is made Eg: Pipes
- 4. Blow moldingThe plastic is filled and then blowed upit gets
the shapeEg: Plastic bottles
- 5. 3rd step Synthesis of the basic polymer
polymerizationPolymerresin4th step Incorporation of additives
roughness.
- 6. Plastic is melted machine moldSolidifies and cools
- 7. Structural Foam thermoplastic.blowing agentAddition
resin.
- 8. A plastic sheet heated (soft) drapingVacuum into a
mould
- 9. Smoothing and compressionembossing Special effects in fabric
high lustersmoothness
- 10. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Electrical conductivity - Very low
(used tocover wires or for switches) Thermal conductivity - Very
low (used for heatinsulation) Density - low (lighter than other
materials) Expansion - high (reinforced plastics have alower
coefficient of expansion) Melting point - Around 200C or lower
Fusibility- amount of heat needed to melt amaterial
- 11. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Types of stress: Traction - Two
opposite forces pulling it. Compression - Two opposite forces
pushing it. Bending - Two opposite forces end it. Shearing - Two
opposite forces try to cut it. Torsion - Twisted around an axis
Elasticity - Ability to deform and return to its original shape.
Plasticity - Very important property of plastics Malleability-
Permanently deformed under compression Ductility - High - Easy to
deform Resistance - Very very low - No resistance at all Hardness -
High Weldability - Join solidly to another material when
heated
- 12. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Permeability - Very low - Plastics are
impermeable Solubility - Low - Only some of them are soluble
Combustibility - High - Plastics burn easily BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Recyclability - Transform a used product into another one thatcan
be used Toxicity - Some plastics can be toxic Biodegradability -
Low - They take a lot of time to decompose
- 13. They can be heated and shaped only once
- 14. Epoxy resin: hard, resistant to chemicals,electric
insulatorMelamine formaldehyde: stiff, hard, strong,resists some
chemicalsPolyester resin: stiff, hard, electrical insulator,resists
chemicalsUrea formaldehyde: stiff, hard, electricalinsulator
- 15. They can be heated and shaped only once
- 16. Polyamide (Nylon): hard, resistant to chemicalsand
machines, self-lubricating Polymethyl methacrylate (Acrylic):
hard,scratches easily, resists chemicals Polypropylene: hard,
scratches easily, resistschemicals Polystyrene: hard, transparent,
resists water Low density polythene: resists chemicals,flexible,
soft, electric insulator High density polythene: hard, able to
besterilised
- 17. Polyamide (Nylon): gears, power tools casings,hinges,
curtain rails, clothesPolymethyl methacrylate (Acrylic): Signs,
canopies,basins, covers for car lightsPolypropylene: medical,
kitchen and laboratoryequipment, seats, stringsPolystyrene: toys,
boxes, containersLow density polythene: packaging, bottles,
bagsHigh density polythene: bottles, tubes, householdequipment
- 18. They are a very elastic type of plastic
- 19. Rubber (CA): impermeable; electrical and acusticinsulator;
resists machines, acids and detergents Polychloroprene (PCP):
impermeable; electricaland acustic insulator; resists machines,
solvents,acids and detergents Silicone (SI): impermeable; thermal
insulator;resists oils, acids and detergents Polyurethane: resists
chemicals; electrical,thermal and acustic insultor Synthetic
rubber: impermeable; resists oils andpetroleum; electric and
acustic insulator
- 20. Rubber (CA): natural rubber poductsPolychloroprene (PCP):
cables, pipes, sleepingbags, boots, protective clothing, gloves
Silicone (SI): moulds, medical equipment,adhesives, waterproof
materialsPolyurethane: mattresses, foam, adhesives,some
chemicalsSynthetic rubber: tires, solid wheels,transmission
belts