Presentatie Leonhard Schenk

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

City made by “Baugemeinschaften”…

HTWG Konstanz|Prof Leonhard Schenk|Urban Planning and DesignHTWG Konstanz|Prof. Leonhard Schenk|Urban Planning and DesignDelft, 10.05.2012

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

What is a “Baugemeinschaft”?

Introduction

Source: http://www.wohnportal-berlin.de/projekt/marie-marienburger-strasse-40

Introduction

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

What is a “Baugemeinschaft“ or “Baugruppe“? What is a Baugemeinschaft or Baugruppe ? (In English: “Private Building Cooperation” or “Joint Building Venture”)

A “Private Building Cooperation” is a kind of joint venture between several private households who plan and build their own house together. Usually they are supported by an their own house together. Usually they are supported by an architect. Often „Private Building Cooperations“ are able to realize high-quality living space at prices that are well below going market rates. g g

When the house is finished, normally it will be divided into individually owned properties.

IntroductionIntroduction

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Where does it come from?Source: Stadt Freiburg im Breisgau

IntroductionIntroduction

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Where does it come from? Where does it come from?

The principle “Private Building Cooperation” is not new.

In Germany it became popular in the 1990th in South Germany, in Freiburg and Tübingen (both University Cities)

- during the conversion of former French barracks into new housing areas…

IntroductionIntroduction

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Where does it come from? Where does it come from?

First as bottom-up movement:In Freiburg “Private Building Cooperations” were promoted In Freiburg Private Building Cooperations were promoted by citizens who wanted to build ecological houses.

First as top-down movement:First as top down movement:In Tübingen the city council promoted “Private Building Cooperations” to realize the mixed used city structures in the “Südstadt”.

Meanwhile the “Private Building Cooperation”- movement spilled over to many other German towns: Berlin, Hamburg, Leipzig, Munich, Stuttgart and many others…

IntroductionIntroduction

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Source: Stadt Tübingen/Photo: Alexander Gonschior

Tübingen: 85 000 inhabitants incl +/ 24 000 StudentsTübingen: 85.000 inhabitants, incl. +/-24.000 Students

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

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??1991 French Military leaves Tübingen1991 – French Military leaves Tübingen

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Transformation into new Urban QuartersTransformation into new Urban Quarters

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

look a like“ urbanity mono functional“

Photo: L. Schenk

„look-a-like urbanity „mono functional

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Mixture of Functions Human Scale Public Space

Source: www.terjenet.com

Photos: L. Schenk

Mixture of Functions Human Scale Public SpaceLiving & Working Diversity & Density Participation

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

The urban parcel of landThe urban parcel of land

Dieter Hoffmann-Axthelm, 1991German Urban Planner and Architecture TheoreticianGerman Urban Planner and Architecture Theoretician

- is an autonomous, flexible device- stabilizes the urban structure [the whole system stabilizes the urban structure [the whole system does not break down if one cell fails]

- strengthens the public space- generates urbanity by variety and densityg y y y y- serves as historical memory device- forms a social unity- serves as a perception unity- creates a own address / identification

Transformation into new Urban QuartersTransformation into new Urban Quarters

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

1992 Competition 1 price LEHEN drei Stuttgart1992 – Competition, 1. price, LEHEN drei, Stuttgart

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

1993/94 Städtebaulicher Rahmenplan/Masterplan

Photo: L. SchenkPhoto: City of Tübingen

1993/94 – Städtebaulicher Rahmenplan/Masterplan

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Französisches Viertel/French QuarterFranzösisches Viertel/French Quarter

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Französisches Viertel 2007

Photo: Grohe

Französisches Viertel 2007

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Lorettoareal/Loretto QuarterLorettoareal/Loretto Quarter

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Foto: Grohe

Lorettoareal 2007

Photo: Grohe

Lorettoareal 2007

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Tool Box

Südstadtentwicklung Tübingen Werkzeugkasten

Photo: L. Schenk

Südstadtentwicklung Tübingen - Werkzeugkasten

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Living and WorkingLiving and Working

Integration of different Needs

Social Infrastructure

High Density =lower land costslower land costs

1 Vielfalt und Dichte1 Diversity & Density

Photo: L. SchenkPhoto: Grohe

1. Vielfalt und Dichte1. Diversity & Density

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

1 Diversity & Density free parcels flexibility

Photo: LEHEN drei/L. Schenk

1. Diversity & Density, free parcels, flexibility

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Continuous functional mixedstructurestructure

Mixed structure means:

Housing +

Commercial, free lance,social or cultural usesocial or cultural use

- at least in the ground floor!

2 Functional Mixture in every private building

Photo: L. SchenkPhoto: City of Tübingen

2. Functional Mixture - in every private building

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

2 Functional Mixture in every private building

Photos: L. Schenk

2. Functional Mixture - in every private building

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

4 Öffentlicher Raum und privates Grün

Photo: De Maddalena, Tübingen

3 Public and Private Space

Photo: L. Schenk

4. Öffentlicher Raum und privates Grün3. Public and Private Space

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

6 Reaktivierung von Altbauten

Photo: De Maddalena, Tübingen

4 Reactivating of old buildings first cheap buildings for

Photo: L. Schenk

6. Reaktivierung von Altbauten4. Reactivating of old buildings – first, cheap buildings for commercial uses

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

di t & i ti ki d f ti i tidirect & innovative kind of participation

maxim of the municipality: To sell theland to private citizens preferredp p

7 Baugemeinschaften5 Participation: Private Building Cooperations

Photo: L. Schenk

7. Baugemeinschaften5. Participation: Private Building Cooperations

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Photo: Grohe

5 Participation: Private Building Cooperations

Photo: L. Schenk

Das eigene - individuelle - Haus in einem vielfältigen, städtischen Umfeld…

5. Participation: Private Building Cooperations

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Photos: L. Schenk

5 Private Building Cooperations

Photos: LEHEN drei/L. Schenk

5. Private Building Cooperations

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Advantage / Vorteil Drawback / Nachteil• you pay what you really get

(saving potential)

• Realisation of your own

• time need for tuning… (discussions and decitions)

di t l i • Realisation of your own dreams and needs

• Participation in design and building process

• readiness to solve inner group conflicts…

• In the beginning, you don‘t building process

• To get know your future cohabitants

g gknow the exact cost

• Possibility of shared facilities -like roof garden, commonworkshops etc.

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Service of the City of Tübingen g

for „Baugemeinschaften“

+ service buero

+ does reservations of plot of land

(6 months option)

+ offers a data bank

(offerer and interested)

+ special arrangements

(Bauherrenbörse)

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

“Lofthaus” 1 office 2 flats Arch LEHEN drei Stuttgart

Photo: De Maddalena, Tübingen Photo: Lehen drei

“Lofthaus”, 1 office, 2 flats, Arch. LEHEN drei, Stuttgart

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Photos: De Maddalena, Tübingen

“Turmhaus” Tübingen 1 office/shop 6 flats Arch LEHEN drei Stuttgart“Turmhaus”, Tübingen, 1 office/shop, 6 flats, Arch. LEHEN drei, Stuttgart

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

different Baugemeinschaften“ with different programs…different „Baugemeinschaften with different programs…

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Source: Hähnig + Gemmeke Freie Architekten BDA / City of Tübingen

Tübingen “Mühlenviertel“ (former industrial area)Tübingen,“Mühlenviertel“ (former industrial area)

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Source: Hähnig + Gemmeke Freie Architekten BDA / City of Tübingen / Grohe

Tübingen “Mühlenviertel“Tübingen,“Mühlenviertel“

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Tübingen “Mühlenviertel“

Source: City of Tübingen / Architektenkammer Baden-Württemberg

Tübingen,“Mühlenviertel“

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Jenseits von Tübingen - Neue Initiativen: Berlin Friedrichswerder – Berlin TownhousesSource: http://baugemeinschaft-berlin.deSource: www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de

Private Building Cooperations in BerlinJenseits von Tübingen Neue Initiativen: Berlin Friedrichswerder Berlin TownhousesPrivate Building Cooperations in Berlin

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Berlin Townhouses

Source: City of Berlin

Berlin Townhouses

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Source: www.berlin-townhouses.de

Berlin TownhousesBerlin Townhouses

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Source: http://www.baugruppen-architekten-berlin.de

Privat Network of 16 ArchitectsPrivat Network of 16 Architects

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Jenseits von Tübingen - Neue Initiativen: Berlin Friedrichswerder – Berlin Townhouses

Photo: L. Schenk

Zanderrotarchitekten Baugemeinschaft sc 11 Berlin Jenseits von Tübingen Neue Initiativen: Berlin Friedrichswerder Berlin TownhousesZanderrotarchitekten, Baugemeinschaft sc 11, Berlin

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Jenseits von Tübingen - Neue Initiativen: Berlin Friedrichswerder – Berlin TownhousesPrivate Building Cooperations in Hamburg

Source: www.hamburg.de

Jenseits von Tübingen Neue Initiativen: Berlin Friedrichswerder Berlin TownhousesPrivate Building Cooperations in Hamburg

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

Are “Baugemeinschaften” of use for the gMunicipality?

+ creating property for a wide range of lpeople

+ direct (civil) participation - also in values + housing: needs based

(average flat size in Tübingen: 108 square (average flat size in Tübingen: 108 square metres)

+ Identification of the citizens with their town, urban quarters and housesq

+ Creation of urban variety+ Strengthening of the social structure+ Support of local company structures and

local construction firms.

About the use of Private Building Cooperations”

Photos: De Maddalena, Tübingen

About the use of „Private Building Cooperations”

Citizens making City – The Tübingen Model

dank u wel ...

HTWG Konstanz|Prof Leonhard Schenk|Urban Planning and DesignHTWG Konstanz|Prof. Leonhard Schenk|Urban Planning and DesignDelft, 10.05.2012