View
3.564
Download
1
Category
Tags:
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
2
Lucrecio en el Libro I “Sobre la naturaleza de las cosas” (Rerum Natura)
“Nada ha emanado de nada por voluntad divina”
3
Your serpent of the Nile is bred now of your mud by the operation of your sun: so is your ....
Antony and Cleopatra, Act II, Scene VII
For if the sun breed maggots in a dead dog, being a god-kissing carrion,—Have you a daughter?
Hamlet, Act II, Scene II
William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
4
6
http://www.taringa.net/posts/imagenes/1652261/Dioses-Hind%C3%BAes.html
Brahma entronizado
7
8
9
10
11
12
• When the earth formed some 4.6 billion years ago, it was a lifeless, inhospitable place.
• A billion years later it was teeming with organisms resembling blue-green algae.
• How did they get there?
How, in short, did life begin?
13
• … in the mid-19th century two important scientific advances • set the stage for modern discussions of the origin of life.
Louis Pasteur discredited the concept of spontaneous generation. He offered proof that even bacteria and other microorganisms arise from parents resembling themselves.
The second advance, the theory of natural selection, suggested an answer. According to this proposal, set forth by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace.
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Hace 3.5 millones de años
24
25
26
27
28
Louis Pasteur
29
30
31
33
Teoría endosimbionte
La naturaleza se fijo la tarea de coger al vuelo la luz que navega hacia la Tierra
Lynn Margulis
34
35
36
• Protobionts are abiotically created molecules surrounded by a membrane.
– They can engage in simple reproduction and metabolism– The can maintain an internal environment different than the
external environment.
• Liposomes can spontaneously organize in water from lipids and organic molecules
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
46
47
48
49
50
• Oparin-Haldane hypothesis—Early earth was a reducing atmosphere that led to synthesis
• Miller and Urey tested the hypothesis which yielded amino acids– Demonstrated that abiotic synthesis was possible– Analysis of meteorites show presence of AAs
• Synthesis of macromolecules may have been initiated by formation of AA polymers
51
• In the 1920s Oparin and Haldane proposed that the energy to produce the organic compounds could come from lightning or intense UV radiation.
• In 1953 Stanley Miller and Harold Urey of U of Chicago tested the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis. Others have tested it as well with different recipes for the atmosphere. The major part of the hypothesis may not be correct in that the atmosphere of earth may not have been reducing nor oxidizing. IT is thought that pockets near volcanic openings were reducing and that first organic compounds formed near underwater volcanic vents.
• The abiotic synthesis of macromolecules may have occurred through the dripping of amino acid solutions on hot sand, rock or clay. This forms a AA polymer that could act as a weak catalyst for other reactions.
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
¿?
84
85
86
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
What was first: chicken or egg? That is: DNA or proteins?Surprising answer emerged recently: none of the above. It was probably RNA! Whole life could have started with RNA (and proteins), which evolved into DNA. This idea is called an “RNA world” hypothesis.
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Recommended