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Authors perspective for global learning infrastructure
Miguel Rodríguez ArtachoAsociate Professor (UNED University, Spain)
miguel@lsi.uned.es http://ltcs.uned.es
http://www.lsi.uned.es
2
It’s authoring, #####!
Cognitive DesignModel
Learning DesignModel
Conceptualization level Ontologies
Instructional templates
Instantiation level
LT specification
based contentInstances
3
student
LOR
Learning Design –based
specification
Authoring
Learning environment
link
link
link
link
From pre-SW authoring…
4
unit of study
SW
Authoring
SW enriched learning environment
exercise
involve
Is_hint
Semantic LOR
CONCEPT
PROBLEM
THEME
HINT
student
SW based knowledge acquisition &
inference
CONCEPT
HINT
CONCEPT
EXTERNAL CONTENT
DYNAMICALLY BINDED
… … to SW-based authoringto SW-based authoring
Paper on Workshop SW-EL ’06: http://www.win.tue.nl/SW-EL/2006/camera-ready/15-CDK+MRA-SWEL06-reduced%20FINAL%20v4.pdf
Information Life Cycle
AuthoringModifying
OrganizingIndexing
StoringRetrieving
DistributingNetworking
Retention/ Mining
AccessingFiltering
UsingCreating
Source: Edward Fox
Rationale • LORs are not socially aware• Not growable in a Web2.0 basis• Not fully searcheable because metadata
sometimes is not available• Only SW-based LORs are compatible with
communities of users in the social web (2.0)
Interoperability issues• Technical
– Synchronization of repositories– Architecture models (p2p, client/server, ..)– Updating and maintainance
• Social– Communities of contributors– Shared ontologies between communities– Better authoring tools
• Industry– Copyright models– LT specifications driven tools
Maybe…
• Use authoring as the killer app of e-learning• Use a new generation of authoring tools
based on layers of abstraction, NOT LT-specs driven auth tools
• Search & retrieval based on metadata elements is no longer enough for e-learning resources cataloging and operation.
LOR’s are a generalization of a Digital Library, not a particularization
Consequently
- New models to search and retrieve- IR techniques needed
- Clustering- Formal Concept Analysis
- Semantic interoperability as relevant as technical interoperability
- Users’ communities aware
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