View
286
Download
4
Category
Tags:
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
What can the Ocean Biogeographic Information System contribute to the Caribbean Marine Atlas.
Citation preview
Ocean Biogeographic Information System
Ward AppeltansProject manager OBIS
IODE ProgrammeIOC-UNESCO
VISION:To be the most comprehensive Gateway to the
World’s Ocean Biodiversity and Biogeographic data and information required to address pressing coastal and world ocean concerns
MISSION:
To build and maintain a global alliance that collaborates with scientific communities to facilitate free and open access to, and application of, biodiversity and biogeographic data and information on marine life.
VISION / MISSION
CBD-Aichi 2020Biodiversity Targets
Target 19By 2020, knowledge, the science base and technologies relating to biodiversity, its values, functioning, status and trends, and the consequences of its loss, are improved, widely shared and transferred, and applied.
iOBIS
SG-OBIS
8 Task Teams
Science TT
Taxon. TT
Training TT
Data TT
Tech. TT
...
GE-OBISOBIS node
I
OBIS node II
OBIS node III
Data providers
Data providers
Data providers
OBIS node III
Data providers
Data providers
OBIS node II
OBIS node III
Data providers
Data providers
IOC Project Office for IODE/OBIS
OBIS international secretariat
Coordination of the global network Communication, awareness Support to Member States Capacity building, standards, best practices Integrated database Data access, services and tools Quality assurance
OBIS secretariat
“global coverage”
37,000,000 observations of 120,000 marine species
Progress!We are filling in the gaps
2013 has around 2.7x more depth records (almost 19Million, cf. almost 7M) compared to 2009, and the range of sample depths represented has increased slightly, from 0-10670m in 2009 to 0-10900m now.
9
Benefit Sharing: data repatriation
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
102293
23016
9349
102745
182042
266302
1106458
1327640
419965
2104304
8951
52498
0 0 0
2178
5375
310673
25848
18823
442862
743579
2573860
105964
35316
121300
10936
613595 806219 967159
records not from nat. OBIS node
records from nat. OBIS node
Developing guidelines on standards and best practices (QC tools)
Catodon (Meganeuron) krefftii Gray, 1865 (synonym)Catodon australis Wall, 1851 (synonym)Catodon colneti Gray, 1850 (synonym)Catodon macrocephalus Lacépède, 1804 (synonym)Cetus cylindricus Billberg, 1828 (synonym)Delphinus bayeri Risso, 1826 (synonym)Phiseter cylindricus Bonnaterre, 1789 (synonym)Phiseter mular Bonnaterre, 1789 (synonym)Phiseter trumpo Bonnaterre, 1789 (synonym)Physalus cylindricus Lacépède, 1804 (synonym)Physeter andersonii Borowski, 1780 (synonym)Physeter australasiensis Desmoulins, 1822 (synonym)Physeter australis Gray, 1846 (synonym)Physeter catodon Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)Physeter maximus G. Cuvier, 1798 (synonym)Physeter microps Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)Physeter microps rectidentatus Kerr, 1792 (synonym)Physeter novaeangliae Borowski, 1780 (synonym)Physeter orthodon Lacépède, 1804 (synonym)Physeter tursio Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)Physeterus sulcatus Lacépède, 1818 (synonym)Tursio vulgaris Fleming, 1822 (synonym)
Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758
Tools for taxonomic quality control
Developing guidelines on standards and best practices (QC tools)
Example dataset “Marine Turtles”:sightings and strandings of marine turtles around the coast of UK and Ireland”
Outliers due to missing of minus sign. Corrections made after consultation data provider.
Tools for geographic quality control
Developing guidelines on standards and best practices (QC tools)
Tools for quality control based on environmental/habitat parameter rangesSalinity
temperature
depth
Colonies & sites
Forecasting / Models
OBIS-SEAMAP supports multiple data types
Ship & aerial surveys
Telemetry tracking
Acoustic
PhotoID
Genetics
Survey tracks
Data is presented for use cases
- Ecosystem- MPA- Wind Planning- Other regions
coming
Number of records per MPA
Quick summaries on click
Species checklists for a region
Detail views of data
Precalculated biodiversity
On the fly biodiversity calculations in OBIS-SEAMAP
Choosing a taxa and Region (Aves, North Sea)
Number of records
Number of species recorded in each year
Aves data, constrained
Biodiversity indexes calculated for region
Aves data, constrained
Defined polygons work the same way
No data for year
Biodiversity in North Sea by season
Bird biodiversity is higher in winter
Adding species richness to species diversity calculations
Compare number of records to biodiversity
~ 64000 records used to calculated biodiv,
for 1984
Invasive species
Source: OBIS, 2013
First record in Germany in 1979
Wide spread in NW EU
Ensis directus (razor shell)
Aichi Target 9 By 2020, invasive alien species and pathways are identified and prioritized, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and measures are in place to manage pathways to prevent their introduction and establishment.
lionfish
Before 2000 NOW widespread in Caribbean
Species distribution modeling (aquamaps)
Flathead mullet (point data)
Species distribution modeling (aquamaps)
Flathead mullet (native range)
Species distribution modeling (aquamaps)
Flathead mullet (Year 2050 range)
34
Trendylyzer
Discovering trends in community structure/species composition
Major problems: Data gaps: temporal, geographic
and taxonomic scope Sampling bias Few long-term time series data
Discovering trends in community structure/species composition
Major problems: Most species are rare, or difficult to observe Still many new species discoveries creates noise in trends Which species are most common, and do
have enough data?
Discovering trends in community structure/species composition
For each species:1. Nr of observations2. Nr of individuals per observation3. Nr of observations per dataset4. Nr of datasets5. Nr of geographical cells6. Temporal frequency of the observations Normalizing => relative commonness. Create score or rank by taxonomic group Make selection of species for which we do
have enough data to detect trends
Defining (relative) commonness of species
High variation among terms, so each term separately will yield different ranks
Results
20 most common species per decade for 10 different taxonomic groups
Results
Results
Results
Fulmar
PEAK based on Nr of records
Results
FulmarLosing its common species status among the seabirds?
?
CBD Aichi Target 11
EBSA VME PSSA Natura2000 MPA UNESCO WHS UNESCO Biospheres …
10% of coastal and marine areas are conserved/managed sustainably by 2020…
CBD-COP10 listed OBIS as a key source of information for the identification of Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs) part of CBD
Areas of high biodiversity
Areas of special importance for the life history of a
species
Areas of significant naturalness
Areas of uniqueness or rarity
46
Ecologically or Biologically Significant marine Areas (EBSAs)
47
Ecologically or Biologically Significant marine Areas (EBSAs)
The Caribbean
REVIEW OF THE KNOWN2004-2010
Coastal diversity by longitude at~11º N
Caribbean Marine biodiversity ~12,100 species
Taxonomic group # species %Macroalgae 561 4.6Sponges 519 4.3Corals and related 994 8.2Polychaete worms 671 5.6Molluscs 3032 25.1Crustaceans 2916 24.1Echinoderms 438 3.6Fish 1539 12.7TOTAL 10670 88.3
VegetationInvertebrates
Vertebrates
~62% represented by molluscs, crustaceans, and fish
Caribbean: species accumulation curveEchinoderms, fishes, mollusks
Fishes: 1539 speciesMollusks: 3032 species
The “best known” groups are far from reaching an asymptote: much more to discover
Echinoderms: 438 speciesNot much more to discover? Unlikely….
Caribbean fish records
Caribbean deep sea
records>200m
Caribbean diversity: MDS by country/ecoregion Does species composition follow
the Spalding (2007) ecoregional model?
High homogeneity among ecoregions: particular exceptions
64 - Eastern Caribbean65 - Greater Antilles66 - Southern Caribbean67 - Southwestern Caribbean68 - Western Caribbean
Tropical Northwestern Atlantic Province
Country contribution to regional diversity
Caribbean diversity by ecoregionSponges, corals, mollusks, amphipods, echinoderms
Ecoregion Total species
Coastline length (km)
Species / km coast
Greater Antilles 2781 (*) 8477 33
South Western 2129 3880 55
Western 1664 2089 80
Southern 1615 3444 47
Eastern 1441 1322 109 (*)
Caribbean LME
Stations with data in OBIS
Caribbean LME
Caribbean LME
Caribbean LME
Caribbean LME
Caribbean LME
OBIS could be the platform to publish and distribute biodiversity data
Global OBIS can provide more biodiversity/biogeographic data than a single country/institution
Data providers keep the ownership of the data (OBIS receives the rights to publish)
OBIS can provide dedicated webservices for the CMA OBIS can provide national/regional reporting tools
(indicators on biodiversity, species richness, trends and time series)
OBIS & CMA
Marine Biodiversity + Management
Marine Biodiversity + Planning
Marine BiodiversityRocks!!!
Souce: Web of Science
Marine Biodiversity + Conservation
OBIS node National Oceanographic Data Centre Associate Data Unit (ADU)
Or become data provider to existing OBIS node
Contact Eduardo Klein (Caribbean OBIS node manager)
Join OBIS
Recommended