Mark Myles, TURI, masccc 2013

Pollution Prevention and Green Chemistry

Making Our Industries and Communities Safer, Healthier, and More Competitive (I’m serious)

mark.myles@turi.org www.turi.org

Pollution Prevention

Massachusetts’ Toxics Use Reduction Act

(TURA)

Green Chemistry and Design for Environment

A little history of toxics and pollution prevention

Toxics – always newsworthy

Evolution of Pollution Laws

End-of-the-pipe Pollution Control

Source Reduction Toxics Use Reduction

• Energy Conservation • Cleaner Production

• Resource Conservation

Treatment Recycling Waste Disposal Minimization

Energy Recovery

Pollution Control = end of pipe remediation

Pollution Prevention = greater efficiency with less or no toxic material

Pollution Prevention vs Pollution Control

Reactionary En

4. Prevention

3. Recycling

2. Treatment

1. Disposal

Anticipatory

1. Prevention

3. Treatment

2. Recycling

4. Disposal

Toxics Use Reduction Act (TURA)

• Users of large amounts of toxics must:

– Report toxics use

– Pay fees

– Plan toxics reduction

• 2006 Amendments: – Designates higher and lower hazard substances

– Resource Conservation Planning – energy, water, materials

– Integrates Environmental Management Systems into TUR

Adopted 1989 Effective 1990

Expanded 2006

TURA – Major aspects

• Massachusetts competitiveness • Toxics reduction • Technical analysis • Financial analysis • Plans in good faith

Required data collection points

Production Unit

In-plant treatment or recycling

Byproduct

Raw Material

Product

Emission

Did We Achieve the Goals?

Total Use Production Adjusted

Byproduct

0.020.040.060.080.0

100.0120.0

TUR Technical Analysis

TUR Financial Analysis – costs of toxics

Material/substance cost

Worker protective equipment

Worker Compensation

Insurance

Hazardous waste hauling

Air & water emissions permitting

Air & water emissions

abatement equipment

Risk protection – accidental spills &

discharge

‘Soft’ costs – reputation, image,

TUR Plans – evaluating safer alternatives Technical Feasibility • Analyze current processes and use of

toxics • Evaluate safer alternatives • Choose alternative on technical merits • Employ sound engineering principles

Financial Viability • Collect information on cost of toxics • Determine changes in cash flows • Apply measures of profitability • Base decisions on accepted accounting

practice

Toxics Reduction Methods • Input substitution • Product reformulation • Process redesign or modification • Improve operation & maintenance • In-process recycling

TUR Input substitution

TUR Product Reformulation

TUR Production Unit Redesign

X-ray inspection – ball-grid array

TUR Modernization

TUR Improved Operations & Maintenance

Integral in-process recycling

Toxics Use Reduction Planners

• Only professionals able to certify MA TUR Plans

• 48-hour intensive course

• Certified by exam

TURA 20th Anniversary Video at www.turi.org

“[Becoming a TUR Planner] was a whole new career path….we have new credibility; people listen to us; we became part of the business planning process.” Jack Bailey, TUR Planner, Bose Corp.

Green Chemistry Design for Environment

What makes a product ‘green’?

Framework for Sustainable Products

Alternatives Assessment

Risk Assessment

Better Solutions

Problem-based approach Debates delay prevention Toxicity data limited Risk shifting Game nobody wins

Focus on solutions & opportunities Greater stakeholder participation Promotes innovation, enterprise creation Multi-risk consideration

Green Screen

• Developed by Clean Production Action

• 17 environmental, health and safety criteria

http://www.cleanproduction.org/library/Green_Screen_Report.pdf

DecaBDE 1163-19-5 97 M L L M M M L L L nd L L nd L L vH Mpenta- to nona-BDE

tri- to nona-BDE

PentaBDE 32534-81-9 nd L M M H M L H L L M M nd H H vH vH

OctaBDE 32536-52-0 nd L M H M M L H L nd L L nd L L vH M ndlower

Human Health Effects Ecotox. Fate

Breakdown Products

Decabromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE) - CAS# 1163-19-5

Bold text = based on experimental data. Black italics text= based on analog data or expert judgment.

Breakdown ProductsPriority Effects

Chemical CAS#%

Green Screen Benchmarking DecaBDE

‘Design for Environment’ Definitions

• “…product contains only those ingredients that pose the least concern [regarding human health and environmental effects] among chemicals in their class.”

• “Ecodesign aims at reducing the environmental impact of products, including the energy consumption throughout their entire life cycle.”

“The DfE program has three priorities: • Energy efficiency - reduce the energy needed

to manufacture and use our products

• Materials innovation - reduce the amount of materials used in our products and develop materials that have less environmental impact and more value at end-of-life

• Design for recyclability - design equipment that is easier to upgrade and/or recycle”

DfE Definitions

Drivers: Legislation

REACh RoHS TURA ToSCA

EU Energy CA Appliance Efficiency

MA “Stretch Codes”

Energy

Toxics Resource Conservation

WEEE ELV

EU Ecodesign Directive: all 3

Drivers: Labeling and Certification

Drivers: Consumer Preference

We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking

we used when we created them. Albert Einstein

mark.myles@turi.org +1 978.934.3298

www.turi.org

Mark Myles, TURI, masccc 2013

Technology

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Toxic Use Reduction - TURI

Mark Lennon masccc 2013

Robin Tsukayama masccc 2013

Ed White masccc 2013

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