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I. Scientific and Systematic Management of IAQ II. The Importance of A Standard for IAQIII. In Harmony With Nature IV. Building Management of the 21st CenturyV. Give Meaning to IAQ ManagementVI. Introduction to the Hinds IAQ Profile Monitoring SystemVII. Automatic IAQ Profile Monitoring SystemsVIII. Automatic & Continuous Monitoring of IAQIX. Problem Solving in IAQ ManagementX. Calibration (to be continued)
IAQ Lecture Series
Hinds International (HK) Ltd.Hinds International (HK) Ltd.
IAQ Lecture Series
Speaker : Kee-Neng Wai, Ph.DDate : May 26, 2011Venue : EMSD
IX. Problem Solving in IAQ Management
Science & Technology vs. Politicsin Environmental Issues
S & T : Based on knowledge, humanity, the truth
Politics : Based on power, money, to win
Example : Al GoreTony BlairLee Kuan YewChina vs. U.S., U.K. & EuropeHong Kong
Problem solving in IAQ Management
Shall we take a political approach?
or
a scientific and technological approach?
or
Both?
IAQ Objectives
Money Saved節省金錢
I. Energy Saving節省能源減少排放
II.Healthy
Environment健康工作環境
IV.Communication
&Fair Trade交流及公平交易
III.Problem Solving解決問題
Formaldehyde ppb <24 <81
Radon Bq/m3 <150 <200
RSP (PM10) µg/m3 <20 <180
Airborne Bacteria cfu/m3 <500 <1,000
Ozone ppb <25 <61
Nitrogen Dioxide ppb <21 <80
TVOC ppb <87 <261
CarbonMonoxide ppm <1.7 <8.7
Parameter Unit Excellent Good
Temperature ºC 20 to 25.5 <25.5
RelativeHumidity % 40 to 70 <70
Air Movement m/s <0.2 <0.3
Carbon Dioxide ppm <800 <1,000
Com
fort Indicators
Toxic G
asesC
arcinogens &
BR
I
IAQ Guidelines ( 指標 )Recommended NEW
Guidelines21 to 25
45 to 65
<0.3
<800/ <1,200
<100
<20/ <80
<100/ <300
<2.0/ <10
<100
<200
TD2.5 Particle Numbers
Delete
Comfort FactorsParameter Unit Current Guidelines Recommendation
Temperature ºC 20 to 25.5 < 25.5 21 to 25
Relative Humidity % 40 to 70 < 70 45 to 65
Air Movement m/s < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.3
Carbon Dioxide ppm < 800 < 1,000 < 800 / < 1,200
1. What is wrong with the 25.5oC/70% RH condition?
Answer : Mold and insect growth.
2. What change is needed for “Air Movement” Guidelines?
Answer : One single guideline is needed.
Solution : Change guidelines to21 / 25oC for Temperature45 / 65% for Relative Humidity
Temperature and Humidity ControlSpecified Condition : 23oC / 60%RH
Problem I : Indoor RH too high.
Solution : 1. Adjusting cooler temp. and air flow.2. Adjusting and pre-cooling fresh air intake.3. Air cooler design.
Problem II : Indoor RH too low in winter.
Case 1 : A TV studio requiring 20oC / <50%RH.Case 2 : A storage warehouse requiring < 15oC /
<50%RH
Problem III : Human factors and specific requirements.
Solution : Humidifier.
Problems Related to CO2 Level1. Indoor CO2 Level
IAQ Guidance Notes : <800 / <1,000Recommendation : <800 / <1,200
Reasons : Work Efficiency, Health, Energy Saving.
Recommendation is based on: Yawning Threshold 1,500 Sick Dozing Threshold 2,000 Building Perspiring, headache, restlessness 2,500 Syndrome and increased heart-rate above 2,500
Long terms effects : Hypertension, pains & achesstomach acid/ulcer
2. Outdoor CO2 Level
Global warming, carbon footprint, energy cost.
Problems relating to CO2 level in IAQ
1. Problems : Health & work efficiencyEnergy cost and carbon footprintGlobal warming
2. Problems : Human factors and specific needs(Including laws, regulation and politics)
Solution : Ventilation control Management withFresh air intake database andExhaust air control knowledge baseAir flow pattern control - Optimization
Solution : Management on database and knowledge base
Professional and public recognition
Toxic GasesParameter Unit Current Guidelines Recommendation
Ozone ppb < 25 < 61 <100Nitrogen Dioxide ppb < 21 < 80 < 20 / < 80
TVOC ppb < 87 < 261 < 100 / < 300
Carbon Monoxide ppm < 1.7 < 8.7 < 2.0 / < 10
Problems : High concentration.
Problem : What can we do when the outdoor level is higher than indoor level?
Solution : Remove source of pollutantDilution with fresh airScrubbing & detoxificationIsolate & exhaust
Solution : Consult the professionals /or politicians
8-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (320) Excellent (50)Rural (320) Good (120)
Outdoor Air Quality Trend of Hong Kong1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (282) Excellent (40)Rural (119) Good (150)
1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (3200) Excellent (2,000)Rural (2060) Good (10,000)
1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (164) Excellent (20)Rural (147) Good (180)
8-Hr. Ave. IAQ
Urban (320) Excellent (50)
Rural (320) Good (120)
1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (282) Excellent (40)Rural (119) Good (150)
1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (3200) Excellent (2,000)Rural (2060) Good (10,000)
1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (164) Excellent (20)Rural (147) Good (180)
Carcinogens & SBS/BRIParameter Unit Current Guidelines Recommendation
Formaldehyde Ppb < 24 < 81 <100Radon Bq./m3 < 150 < 200 < 200RSP(PM10) µg/m3 < 20 < 180 TD2.5 Particle Nos.
Airborne Bacteria(Misnomer) cfu/m3 < 500 < 1000 Delete
Recommended changes :
Formaldehyde : change to < 100ppbRadon : change to < 200 Bq./m3
RSP : change to < TD2.5 Particle Nos.
Airborne Bacteria : To be deleted(Microorganism)(Mold counts)
Solution for high levels of Carcinogens & SBS/BRI
- Remove sources of pollution- Scrubbing- Detoxification & decontamination- Dilution with fresh air
Radon - Removal of sources- 100% concealment- Dilution with fresh air
RSP - Removal by precipitation and filtration- Scrubbing
Microorganism(Mainly Fungi)
- Clean environment- Cool and dry environment- Filtration and decontamination
Formaldehyde
我要做好呢份工 for IAQ
Objectives of IAQ Management Labour saving and cost effectiveness Knowledge based IAQ management Data based IAQ management Problem solving Communication Professional and public recognition
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