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Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Introduction to
Virtual Infrastructure
by Ed Meanan
VMware Staff Engineer, ChicagoCISSP, VCP, ITIL foundation practitionerSpring 2007 Networking Training Seminar
May 3, 2007Grand Bear Lodge
Utica, IL
2Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Agenda
• Virtualization Overview
• VMware Virtualization Technology
• Architectures and Use Cases
• Why VMware?
3Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is Virtualization
Virtualization is an abstraction layer that decouples the physical hardware from the operating system to deliver greater IT resource utilization and flexibility”
It allows multiple virtual machines, with heterogeneous operating systems to run in isolation, side-by-side on the same physical machine.
Each virtual machine has its own set of virtual hardware (e.g., RAM, CPU, NIC, etc.) upon which an operating system and applications are loaded.
The operating system sees a consistent, normalized set of hardware regardless of the actual physical hardware components
4Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Hardware
Application
Operating System
With VirtualizationWithout Virtualization
What is Virtualization?
• VMware provides hardware virtualization that presents a complete x86 platform to the virtual machine
• Allows multiple applications to run in isolation within virtual machines on the same physical machine
• Virtualization provides direct access to the hardware resources to give you much greater performance than software emulation
5Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Prime Time
Peak
Challenge: Low Server Utilization
20%
40%
60%
80%
0%
100%
0-10
%
20-3
0%
40-5
0%
60-7
0%
80-9
0%
% o
f S
erve
rs
CPU Utilization
• Server utilization is low today
Source: VMware Capacity Planner customer analysis
But ability to utilize that computing capacity is low and continuing to decrease
• And technology advances continue to drive it lower
• Increasing clock speeds• Hyperthreading• Dual-core systems
6Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
What are the business drivers ?
Save Money!• Lower TCO
• Cost Avoidance vs. Cost of Business As Usual
• According to Gartner 85% of x-86 servers are only utilizing 15% or less of its computing resources
• ~ 72% of IT resources perform maintenance & support tasks, only 28% are assigned to support strategic initiatives
Improve Flexibility in the x86 environment• Significantly reduce provisioning time
• Create a proactive “lights on” datacenter
• Enable workload management / capacity on demand
• Architect IT as a profit center
Operational Efficiency• Reduce or eliminate maintenance windows
• Enable cost affective DR opportunities
• Respond quicker to business demands on IT
7Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Encapsulation Entire state of the virtual machine can be saved to files Move and copy virtual machines as easily as moving and
copying files
Key Properties of Virtual Machines
Hardware-Independence Provision or migrate any virtual machine
to any similar or different physical server
Partitioning Run multiple operating systems on one physical machine Divide system resources between virtual machines
Isolation Fault and security isolation at the hardware level Advanced resource controls preserve performance
8Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Hypervisor Architecture
No underlying Operating System
Virtualization Architectures
Installs and runs as an application
Relies on host OS for device support and physical resource management
Hosted Architecture Bare-Metal Architecture
9Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Anatomy of a Virtual Machine
Each Virtual Machine is a complete system encapsulated in a set of software files
(X86) Physical Server
ESX Server
Virtual MachinesUnmodified Application
Unmodified OS
Virtual Hardware
10Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Heterogeneous Operating System Support
Our support metrics are updated daily, please check the latest support OS versions at http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs/
Freedom to choose the most appropriate OS for any application mix & match on the same servers!
11Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Bare-MetalVirtualization
Hosted Desktop
Virtualization
Secure Desktop
Environment
The VMware Product Line
Converter
VirtualCenter
VMotion™
Consolidated Backup
Dist Resource Scheduler
VMware High Availability
Hosted Server
Virtualization
12Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
VMware Infrastructure – Key Solutions / Use Cases
Server Consolidation and Containment – Eliminate server sprawl by deploying systems into virtual machines
Test and Development – Rapidly provision and re-provision test and development servers; store libraries of pre-configured test machines
Enterprise Desktop – Secure unmanaged PCs. Alternatively, provide standardized enterprise desktop environments hosted on servers.
Business Continuity – Reduce the cost and complexity of business continuity by encapsulating entire systems files that can be replicated and restored onto any target server
Infrastructure Provisioning – Reduce the time for provisioning new infrastructure to minutes with sophisticated automation capabilities.
Legacy Application Re-hosting – Migrate legacy operating systems and software applications to virtual machines running on new hardware for better reliability
13Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Server Consolidation and Containment
14Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Resource Pools
Aggregate collections of disparate hardware resources into unified logical resource pools
Failed server mean less resources not a failed application
Dedicated (virtual) infrastructure for each business unit; central IT retains control over hardware
Delegation of resource and virtual machine management down to the business unit
Management of an entire SOA application stack as a single entity
Servers, Storage, Networking
Business Unit
Department A Department B
Aggregate Resources
Resource Pool 2CPU 36GHz, Mem 58GB
Priority HIGH
Resource Pool 3CPU 12GHz, Mem 22GB
Priority LOW
CPU 48 GHz, Mem 80GB
15Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Network VirtualizationSimplify port configuration by
utilizing a single configuration object across large groups of ports
Expanded port configuration policies including:
• NIC teaming policy (now per port instead of per virtual switch)
• VLAN tagging • Layer 2 security • Traffic shaping
Flexible virtual switches. • Create Virtual switches with any
number of ports from 8 to 1016
• Max number of virtual switches has been raised from 128 to 248
• Scale up to handle more virtual machines
Teamed Physical NICs
Virtual Machines
ESX Server
Virtual SwitchVirtual NIC
16Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
BEFORE VMware AFTER VMware
Consolidation
• 1,000
• Direct attach
• 3000 cables/ports
• 200 racks
• 400 power whips
• 50
• Tiered SAN and NAS
• 300 cables/ports
• 10 racks
• 20 power whips
Servers
Storage
Network
Facilities
17Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Economic Savings – Server Consolidation
Customer Scenario: Need to replace 92 Windows servers
Option 1: Physical Hardware Refresh
Number Price Total
Hardware Costs 92 7,500 690,000
Total $690,000
Savings: $411,004
Investment: $278,996
Cost Savings: 147%
Cost savings not included here:• Power and cooling costs• Network & SAN port costs• Easier management• Reduced downtime• and more…
Option 2: Virtual Infrastructure
10,900 5,450 2 VirtualCenter Server
189,078 31,513 6 ESX Host ServerHardware Costs:
TotalPriceNumber
VMware Software:
30,000 5,000 6 ESX Server VIN
31,5181,751 6 3-Yr VIN Support
10,000 5,000 2 VirtualCenter
7,5001,250 2 3-Yr VC Support
$278,996 Total
18Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Ap
plicati
on
Serv
ers
Ap
plicati
on
Serv
ers
Before ConsolidationBefore Consolidation
OS
App
OS
App
OS
App
OS
App
After BladeCenterAfter BladeCenterConsolidationConsolidation
Network SwitchNetwork Switch
StorageStorage
KVMKVM
PowerPower
Consolidation with Blade Servers
19Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Infrastructure Provisioning
20Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Increasing Efficiency and Responsiveness with Rapid Provisioning
Without VMware Virtualization
With VMware Virtualization
Determine server spec
Locate or purchase system(s)
Rack and cable
systemInstall/
config OS
Install/ config
applicationBoot
system
Choose host
system
Choose template
Boot VM
Determine server spec
"We can deploy servers in a pinch. With VirtualCenter, it takes 10 minutes. It's absolutely fantastic to be able to deliver a server and have the applications up, have them tested and then put them in production in a matter of four or five hours."
-- Robert Buchwald, Technical Lead, Systems Assurance Team, Moen
Time for other productive tasks
21Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Business Continuity
22Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Downtime
Disasters Flood, fire, earthquake
Power outage
Contaminated building
Planned outages
80% of Downtime!
Hardware refresh
Firmware updates
Backups
Patches/Hot fixes
Systems Maintenance
Failures Hardware failure
Software failure
Human error
23Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Higher Availability at Lower CostC
ost
“Nines”
Annual Downtime
99%
4 Days
99.9%
9 Hours
99.99%
52 Minutes
“Five Nines”
5 Minutes
Entry-Level
Server
H/A
Server
Failover
Cluster
Fault-Tolerant
Hardware
X
10X
100X
1000XMirro
red
SitesMost applications need only a moderate level
of availability
Virtualization increases availability with standard hardware and it lowers cost of higher levels of
availability
24Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Basic Disaster Recovery
Production Data Center
Recovery Site or DR Hosting Site
Easily copy system and
data to recovery siteBackup and restore for full imagesHost-based replicationArray-based replication
Recover to any hardwareNo need for identical duplicate hardwareCan waterfall hardware to
recovery site
Eliminate idle hardwareRun other workloads on standby
hardwareEasily and quickly repurpose
hardware
Disaster recovery with lower cost, less complexity and greater reliability
25Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Advance Utilities
• Vmotion
• High Availability (HA)
• Distributed Resource Scheduling (DRS)
• Consolidated Backup (VCB)
26Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
VMware VMotion™
Migrate running virtual machine from one server to another
Zero downtime
Continuous service availability
Complete transaction integrity.
VMotion support on FC, NAS and iSCSI storage
27Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Ensure High Availability with VMware HA
Automatic restart of virtual machines in case of server failure
No need for dedicated stand-by hardware
None of the cost and complexity of clustering
VMware HA enables cost-effective high availability for all servers
Resource Pool
X
28Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Resource Optimization with VMware DRS
Intelligent allocation of resources based on pre-defined rules and policies
Monitor utilization across resource pools
Optimize data center resources
• Dynamically adjust supply based on changing demand for resources
• Prioritize resources to the highest value applications
• Conduct zero-downtime server maintenance
Dynamic and intelligent allocation of hardware resources to ensure optimal alignment between business and IT
Resource Pool
Business Demand
29Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Protect data with VMware Consolidated Backup
Centralized agentless backup for virtual machines
• Move backup out of the VM
• Eliminate backup traffic on the LAN
Pre-integrated with major 3rd-party backup products
Perform back up any time
CentralizedData Mover
30Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Eastman Chemical – Disaster Recovery
ESX 1
ESX 4
ESX 3
ESX 2
Production Environment:Approx 400 VM’s
78 Physical ESX Servers
Kingsport, TN Datacenter Johnson City, TN Datacenter
ESX 1
ESX 4
ESX 3
ESX 2
Back-Up/DR Environment:Approx 400 VM’s
50 Physical ESX Servers
Hydrogen Tanks
Symmetrix Remote Data
Facility
17 Miles
16 ½ minutes to fail over 400 servers!!
Dell 2-CPU HP 2-CPU
31Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Test and Development
32Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Software system complexity and growth
Growing rate of test configurations required to keep pace
33Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
How VMware Lab Manager Works
VMware Lab Manager Image Storage Library
VMware InfrastructureVirtualized Server Pool
Automated Virtual AD Lab
LAN/SAN
Application Developer
Application Developer
New Jersey Dev Facility
Waldorf Dev Facility
Bangalore Outsource Partner
User selects a multi-machine configuration, clicks deploy.
VMware Lab Manager determines the best host servers, then deploys the machines.
Once deployed, user directly interacts with the machines, as if sitting at each console
QA Automation Engineer
34Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
VMware Lab Manager – Fast and Easy
Self-Service ProvisioningMulti-Tier Complete Application Environment (multi-VM)Easy for Non-IT Users – Point-and-Click Library Entry
IT in Control of Policy and Quotas
35Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Case Study: Juniper Networks
Business challenges• Increase product quality on first release• Support diverse customer deployment environments• Contain lab capital and IT support staff costs
Technical challenges and environment• Over 400 test machine configurations • Over 14,000 test cases each test cycle• Previously using VMware Workstation across teams
Why VMware Lab Manager• Centralize test lab assets and virtual machine images
and share them across groups• Seamless integration with existing dev/test systems• Full automation of test environment provisioning• Reduced software development cycle time by > 40%
“VMware Lab Manager enables our software developers and QA engineers to easily capture complex system test environments and instantly share them across the organization. This process has allowed us to scale our business and accelerate our time to market.”
Omar Ansari Senior ManagerEngineering Infrastructure
36Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Enterprise Desktop
37Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) Solutions
Outsourcing/ Offshoring
Desktop Consolidation
Secure corporate assets within your own data centers while providing controlled access to external transaction workers
Consolidate, standardize and centrally manage desktops distributed across the enterprise (incl. branches) within corporate data centers
Disaster Recovery
Alternative Workspaces In the event of a pandemic outbreak, ensure alternative, remote
access to complete desktop environments and resources for users safely located away from infected areas
Ensure desktop continuity by redirecting user access to alternate desktop infrastructure while helping quickly and reliably recover desktops and data in the main data center
38Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
300-350 Developers accessing VDI
desktops via RDP
Guardian Insurance Virtual Desktop Infrastructure - Secure Off-Shoring Solution
VMFS
Virtual Center
Network File Share
-Developer Home Directories
-Shared Drive for ISO’s and software
VDI Image Repository
SAN
IndiaSRDF offsite
replication
SQL 2000 VC Database
Dedicated T1
39Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Legacy Application Re-hosting
40Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Download pre-configured Virtual Machines
41Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Virtual Appliances
Simplified provisioning of applications – preconfigured solution stacks
Distribution via VMware Technology Network (VMTN)
Over 75 appliances now available
Example: Browser Appliance with Ubuntu - ~200,000 downloads
Virtualization is changing the software distribution paradigm
43Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Why VMware?
44Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
VMware is the Leader in Virtualization Technology
Founded
Total Employees
Number of Users
Key Partnerships
# Channel Partners
Customer Profile
Operating Structure
1998
1,600+
Independent EMC subsidiary
4+ Million
1,800+
Intel, AMD, HP, Dell, IBM, SUN
90% of the Fortune 100
45Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Virtualization Market Has Matured
The Software Distribution ContinuumVirtualization Market Maturity
Single System Hypervisor-based
Stack
Single System Hypervisor-based
Stack
Infrastructure-wide Virtualization
Infrastructure-wide Virtualization
Virtual InfrastructureVirtual Infrastructure
First Generation
Second Generation
Third Generation
System Partitioning
System Partitioning
System Partitioning
Centralized Management
Centralized Management
1999 - 2001 2003 - 2005 2006 +
Enterprise-Class Virtualization
Enterprise-Class Virtualization
Automation Aggregation Availability
Optimization
46Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Customer-Proven Results
VMware customers report:
• 6-9 month ROI
• 35%-75% TCO savings
• Consolidation ratios• 10-15 : 1 in production
• 15-20 : 1 in development & testing
• 60%-80% utilization
• Provisioning time cut from days or weeks to hours or minutes
47Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Conseco Finance 8:1
State of Montana 8:1
7-Eleven 8:1
National Gypsum10:1
AIG Technology 20:1
Alstom20:1
Sprint21:1
Qualcomm30:1
• 1 MM servers consolidated
• Savings:• ~5 billion kWh electricity• Floor space, racks, network
and storage switch ports, fiber and copper cables
By embracing virtualization technology and standardizing on VMware, Merrill Lynch has seen a 40-50% cost savings
Reduced TCO
John Mckinley, CIO, Merrill Lynch
VMware Infrastructure - Customer Impact
Customer Examples
49Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
What The Analysts Say About VMware
Illuminata“…VMware is one of the very few
who have the deep experience needed to create, harden, and
optimize complex, sophisticated virtualization products.”
Gartner“Enterprises that do not leverage
virtualization technologies will spend 25 percent more annually for hardware, software, labor and
space for Intel servers…”
Forrester“Forrester believes that Intel’s
economies of scale will eventually shift most computing workloads to
Intel- or AMD- based servers. And VMware now makes it
possible to bring the Organic IT benefit of high utilization to underutilized Intel servers.”
Gartner(formerly Meta Group)
“There is very strong market momentum for VMware within
META Group’s Global 2000 client base. VMware has become the de
facto standard for Intel server virtualization.”
50Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Virtualization Leadership Awards
51Copyright © 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Are you ready to join the revolution?
Download a free VMware product evaluation copy:
http://www.vmware.com/download
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