Intercultural Differences in Close Friendship Maintenance on Facebook

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION (COMM 2050)

INTERCULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN CLOSE

FRIENDSHIP MAINTENANCE ON FACEBOOK

Kaiyisah Nurulsyakur Binti Yusof (1216428)Lily Syazlinda Binti Johari (1326380)

Mohamad Khalid Bin Yusoff (1313253)Nurul Suraya Binti Ariffin (1318510)Yasmin Binti Abdul Rahim (1318830)

Lecturer : Dr. Tengku Aisha Binti Tengku Mohd Azzman Shariffadeen

Section: 2

INTRODUCTION•In this modern era, people tend to use technology in dealing with their work, especially university students who use social media like Facebook in their daily life.•Facebook is useful to everyone in term of

communication field.•Give awareness to society about the

benefits of Facebook in maintaining relationship among multicultural communities.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES To know strategies used by the IIUM students in maintaining their relationship with the person they close through Facebook.

To study the relationship between culture and relationship maintenance through Facebook.

To investigate the significance between genders in maintaining the relationship through Facebook.

METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY: PROCEDURE

PROCEDURE

QUANTITATIVE

METHODSURVEY METHOD

ALL AREAS IN IIUM

CAMPUSWITHIN 15 MINUTES

METHODOLOGY: PARTICIPANTS30 RESPONDENTS (IIUM STUDENTS)

15 MALAYSIANS

15 NON- MALAYSIANS

NATIONALITY

15 MALES

15 FEMALES

GENDER

METHODOLOGY: MATERIALQuestionnaire on Intercultural Differences In Close Friendship Maintenance On Facebook adapted and revised from Oswald, Clark and Kelly (2004) and Vitak (2012).

Open ended and close ended questions.

The survey instrument has 2 sections; demographics and strategies in maintaining respondent relationship with the person they close through Facebook.

METHODOLOGY: DATA ANALYSIS

SPSS Software 22

Descriptive Statistic method

Mean and Independent T-Test

LITERATURE REVIEW

(Dainton,M 2003)

(Houser, Fleuriet, and Estrada 2012)

• The widespread of Facebook era has influenced interpersonal and online relationship especially among college students.

• He added two more elements that measure maintenance relationship strategy to advice and integrative conflict management.

• Inductive approach might be needed more if users utilize Facebook for maintenance relationship purposes.

LITERATURE REVIEW

(Blease,C,R, 2015)

(Madge, Meek, Wellens and Hooley, 2009)

• Facebook allows people to share thought, to make online group, and to achieve purpose of using it

• Facebook can be a medium for female and male for educational and work purposes.

• Students join Facebook for making new friend at university and keep in touch with friend and family.

• Facebook can be a tool for educational purpose.

FINDINGS

DEMOGRAPHIC : GENDER

50%50%

MALEFEMALE

DEMOGRAPHIC : NATIONALITY

50%50%

MALAYSIANNON- MALAYSIAN

DEMOGRAPHIC: NATIONALITY

Malaysi

an

Bang

ladesh

i

Brune

ain

Chinese

Indon

esian

Singa

porea

n

Somali

an

Sri La

nkan

Suda

nese

Syria

n

Thail

andi

0%10%20%30%40%50%60% 50%

7% 3% 3%13%

3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 7%

DEMOGRAPHIC: AGE(MEAN = 21.20 , SD = 1.49)

3% 10%10%

43%

17%

10% 3% 3%AGE

1819202122232425

DEMOGRAPHIC: YEAR OF STUDY

23%

57%

17%

3%

FIRST YEARSECOND YEARTHIRD YEARFOURTH YEAR

DEMOGRAPHIC: KULIYYAH

63%

17%

10% 7% 3%

KIRKHSKOEKEMNSAIKOLKOED

RQ1: What is the strategies

used by the IIUM students in maintaining their relationship with the

person they close through Facebook?

TABLE 1-STRATEGIES USED IN MAINTAINING THEIR RELATIONSHIP THROUGH FACEBOOK

POSS

ITIVIT

Y

SUPPO

RTIVEN

ESS

OPENNES

S

INTERAC

TION PL

ANNING

SOCIAL

INFO

SEEK

ING

PASS

IVE BR

OWSING

01234 3.38 3.58

3.07 3.24 3.15 3.25

0.71 0.99 0.661.45

0.8 0.78

MEANSD

STRATEGIES USED IN MAINTAINING THEIR RELATIONSHIP THROUGH FACEBOOK

• From Table 1, it shows that the respondents used supportiveness as their highest strategy in maintaining their relationship with the person they close through Facebook with the highest mean (M=3.5800, SD=0.99009). • Meanwhile the lowest strategy used in maintaining their

relationship with the person they are close through Facebook is openness with the mean (M=3.0733, SD=0.66121).

RQ2: What is the

relationship between culture and relationship maintenance

through Facebook?

TABLE 2- NATIONALITYStrategies Categories Mean SD t Sig (2-

taled)Positivity Malaysian 3.3467 .78364 -.254 .801

Non-Malaysian 3.4133 .64793 -.254Supportiveness Malaysian 3.6667 1.14059 .473 .640

Non-Malaysian 3.4933 .84470 .473Openness Malaysian 3.1200 .70427 .381 .706

Non-Malaysian 3.0267 .63636 .381Interaction Planning Malaysian 3.0667 1.04106 -.672 .508

Non-Malaysian 3.4267 1.79343 -.672Social Information

SeekingMalaysian 3.1200 .89059 -.179 .859

Non-Malaysian 3.1733 .73238 -.179Passive Browsing Malaysian 3.1333 .90567 -.815 .423

Non-Malaysian 3.3667 .63994-.815

• For Malaysian, Supportiveness the highest number of mean (M=3.6667, SD=1.14059). While the lowest number of mean is Interaction Planning (M= 3.0667, SD=1.04106). • For non- Malaysian, Supportiveness the highest number of

mean (M=3.4933, SD=.84470). While the lowest number of mean is Openness (M=3.0267, SD=.63636). • The highest number of t-test for both nationalities is

Supportiveness with .473. Meanwhile, the lowest is passive browsing with -.815. • Based on the table 2, there is no significance nationality

difference in all strategies.

RQ3: Is there any

significance between genders in maintaining

the relationship through Facebook?

TABLE 3- GENDERStrategies Categories Mean SD t Sig(2-

tailed) 

PositivityMale 3.6000 .75593 1.765  

0.089Female 3.1600 .60095 1.765 

SupportivenessMale 3.9733 .98232 2.337  

0.027Female 3.1867 .85679 2.337 

OpennessMale 3.1067 .52843 .272  

0.788Female 3.0400 .78994 .272Interaction Planning Male 3.8400 1.7074

6 2.417  0.025Female 2.6533 .83655 2.417

Social Information Seeking

Male 3.1733 .68813 .179  0.859Female 3.1200 .92520 .179

 Passive Browsing

Male 3.4000 .71214 1.056  0.300Female 3.1000 .83879 1.056

• For male, the highest number of mean is Supportiveness (M=3.9733, SD=.98232). It has the lowest number of mean in social information seeking (M=3.1067, SD=.52843). • For female, the highest number of mean is Supportiveness

(M=3.1867, SD=.85679). It has lowest number of mean in interaction planning (M=2.6533, SD=.83655). • The highest number of t-test is interaction planning for both

genders with 2.417. • Meanwhile, the lowest number of t-test is .179 for both genders is

Social Information Seeking. • Thus, based on the table 3, there are significance gender

differences in term of supportiveness and interaction planning which are 0.027 and 0.025 respectively.

DISCUSSION

DISCUSSION (1): STRATEGY

•Based on our study, the most strategy that has been used in maintaining relationship for both Malaysians and non- Malaysians with the person they close through Facebook is the Supportiveness.

DISCUSSION (2): NATIONALITY•The study shown there is no significance for nationality difference in terms of positivity, supportiveness, openness, interaction planning, social information seeking and passive browsing.

DISCUSSION (3): GENDER (MEAN)

Male

Highest:Supportive-ness

Lowest:Social

information seeking

Female

Highest:Supportive

-ness

Lowest:Interaction Planning

DISCUSSION (3): GENDER

• Highest: Interaction Planning

• Lowest: OpennessT-

Test

DISCUSSION (3): GENDER

•Both genders prefer to use Facebook for supportiveness rather than others. 

CONCLUSION

• Facebook helps in friendship maintenance especially towards both genders.•When people use Facebook, they tend to use several

strategies in order to maintain their relationship.• Therefore, Facebook play an important role in people

life especially in dealing and maintaining their relationship.

THANK YOU