Human Alphabets 2

Human Alphabets 2( 1515 – 1847)

• Alfabeto in Sogno by Giuseppe Maria Mitelli (1683)• Nova Alphati effictio by De Bry’s (1595)• Alphabet based on human forms (c.1520)• Grotesque alphabet in mythological landscapes by Giacomo Paolini (c. 1570)• Latin majuscule alphabet with mythological scenes by Antonius Sylvius (c. 1550-1599)• Alfabeto di Lettere Iniziali by Mauro Poggi (c. 1730)• Opera dianto nella quale vedrete molte caratteri di lettere by Antonio Schiratti (1600-1615) • Seven initial letters from the Lufft Bible (1534) • Historiated initials by Andreas Vesalius (1543)• Alphabet book by John Scottowe (c.1575-1600)• Fifteen letters from a Greek majuscule alphabet by Jacob Faber (1524)• Five letters from a Greek majuscule alphabet by Hans Holbein the Younger (c.1515-1540)• Eight letters from a Greek majuscule alphabet with scenes from the Dance of Death by Hans

Holbein the Younger (c.1515-1530)• 13 initial letters by Anton Woensam (c.1527)• The Children's Alphabet by Hans Weiditz the Younger (1521)

• Initial letter L from Perrault's 'Mémoire pour servir à l'histoire des plantes ' by Sébastien Leclerc (c.1676)

• Dance of Death alphabet by Hans Holbein the Younger (1526)• Letters from a German bible printed in 1584• Ornamented Roman Majuscule Alphabet by Daniel Hopfer (c. 1520) • Champ fleury by Geoffroy Tory (1529)• Menschenalphabet by Peter Flötner (1534) • Anthropomorphic alphabet by Peter Flötner (c.1540)• The Human Alphabet by Amman Jost (1567)• Human Alphabet by Martin Weigel (c. 1533 - 1580) • Human figure alphabet by Johann Theodor de Bry (1596) • Human form alphabet by Giacomo Franco (1596)• Guide to Constructing the Letters by Joris Hoefnagel (c. 1591-1596)• 16th Century alphabet by anknown• Alfabeto Figurato by Giovanni Battista Bracelli (1632)• An Alphabet of Organic Type by Jan Christian Bierpfaff (c.1650)• Initials letters by Wenceslas Hollar (c.1625 - 1670)• Newes ABC Buchlein by Lucas Kilian (1627)• Historiated initials by Francis Barlow from Edward Benlowes’ Theophila (1652) • Historiated Alphabet by Valerio Spada (c.1656 – 1659)

• Initial letters L, V from Félibien's 'Tapisseries du Roi, où sont représentez les quatre élémens et les quatre saisons' by Sébastien Leclerc (c.1670)

• Initial letters A, L from Perrault's 'Mémoire pour servir à l'histoire naturelle des animaux' by Sébastien Leclerc (c.1671)

• Initial letter S, with Alexander the Great by Sébastien Leclerc (c.1684)• Initial letters from Les Actions glorieuses de S. A. S. Charles Duc de Lorraine by Sébastien

Leclerc (c.1703-1704)• Initial letters C, L from Félibien's 'Histoire de l'abbaye royale de Saint-Denys en France' by

Sébastien Leclerc (c.1706)• Initial letters from Baluze's 'Histoire généalogique de la Maison d'Auvergne by Sébastien

Leclerc (c.1708)• Ornamental design for the letter B by Gilles-Marie Oppenord (c. 1720)• Anatomical Alphabet from Myotomia Reformata (1724)• Alphabet by Cornelis van Noorde (1741) • Alphabet Letters by Martin Engelbrecht (18th century)• German Alphabet with Fantastic Figures by Jeremias Wachsmuth (c.1750)• Alphabet decorated letters Rococo-Baroque by Jeremias Wachsmuth (c. 1750)• Decorated Roman alphabet by Johann David Nessenthaler (c. 1756)• Vita di S. Filippo Neri by Giuseppe Filosi (1757)• The Comical Hotch-Potch, or The Alphabet Turn'd Posture-Master (1782)• Alphabeth de la Bourbonnoise (1789)

• The Man of Letters or Pierrot's Alphabet (1794)• Clerical Calendar by Richard Newton (1795)• Armenian flowery alphabet by Edmund Fry (1799) • Les polichinelles utiles ou l'origine des lettres (1826)• Letter Y from an Alphabet Primer by Victor Adam (1832) • Alphabet en énigme by Victor Adam (c.1820 - 1860)• Ornamental lettrines by Napoléon Landais (1834)• Alphabet diabolique by Jean Midolle (1834)• Alphabet diabolique by Jean Midolle (1837)• Alphabet diabolique by Michel Delaporte (1836)• Alphabet comique de Daumier (1836)• The Landscape Alphabet by Charles Joseph Hullmandel (c. 1818-1860)• Comic Alphabet by George Cruikshank (1836)• The Comic Alphabet by Percy Cruikshank (1847)• Alphabet Les Cris de Paris n°1 (c.1845)

Alfabeto in Sogno 1683 by Giuseppe Maria Mitelli

• The Italian graphic artist Giuseppe Maria Mitelli (1634-1718), published several elaborate graphic sequences, not least of which is the bizarre Alfabeto in Sogno (Dream Alphabet), dating from 1683, in which are represented the letters of the alphabet formed of disordered phantasms, and confused images.

Alfabeto in sogno, esemplare per disegnare di Giuseppe Ma Mitelli Bolognese MDCLXXXIII.

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=Alfabeto+in+sogno• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText='Dream+alphabet • http://www.spamula.net/blog/2005/02/giuseppe_maria_mitelli.html

Nova Alphati effictio by De Bry’s 1595

• Twenty-four letters of the alphabet decorated with animals, insects and plants published in 1595 in the book Nova Alphati effictio desighed by Theodor de Bry (1528-1598) and engraved by his sons Johann Theodor de Bry (1560-1623) and Johann Israel de Bry (1565–1609).

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=Nova+Alphati+ • http://community.livejournal.com/art_links/1650995.html• http://www.spamula.net/blog/2005/10/de_brys_alphabets.html

Alphabet based on human forms (c.1520)

• Alphabet based on human forms, from the manuscript 'The Tudor pattern book‘, which it is part-bestiary, part-herbal and an important visual record of early cultivated plants, produced in East Anglia in about 1520 -1530.

MS. Ashmole 1504, folio 045v, Bodleian Library (University of Oxford), Oxford, United Kingdom.

• http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3182/2564152597_4645e447b8_o.jpg • http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/2564152597/sizes/o/in/photostream/ • http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2009/10/tudor-pattern-book.html • http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/sets/72157622597951362/ • http://bodley30.bodley.ox.ac.uk:8180/luna/servlet/view/all/what/MS.%20Ashmole%201504?pgs=50&os=50

Grotesque alphabet in mythological landscapes by Giacomo Paolini c. 1570

• Giacomo Paolini, Italian copper, engraver who lived in the 16th century. Around 1570, he created a suite of ornamental letters known as Grotesque Alphabet in Mythological Landscapes (16th century). Intricate initial caps, with each letter telling a story (the R in the link shows Romulus and Remus in Rome). His inspiration comes from mythology, and often involves angels, mermaids, snakes, and fruits.

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=Giacomo+Paolini • http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/caps.html • http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2009/06/grotesque-alphabet.html • http://community.livejournal.com/art_links/1465816.html • https://archive.org/stream/gri_alphabetoxxx00paul#page/n7/mode/2up

Latin majuscule alphabet by Antonius Sylvius (c.1550-1599)

• Thirteen initial letters from an (incomplete) Latin majuscule alphabet with mythological and biblical scenes in background; from an unidentified publication of an English Bible.Print made by Antonius Sylvius, Dutch printmaker in 2nd half 16thC. Woodcut

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=Antonius+Sylvius

Alfabeto di Lettere Iniziali by Mauro Poggi (c. 1730)

• Mauro Poggi Italian artist who drew Alfabeto di Lettere Iniziali (ca.1730), ornamental caps with scrolls and flourishes and then inhabited by satyrs, mermaids, Medusa heads, birds, cats, dogs, snakes, and other creatures. The letters were designed by Poggi, drawn in ink by Andrea Bimbi, and engraved by Lorenzo Lorenzi. (there were 24 letters, rather than 26, because i and j were the same letter, and because there was no w).A digital version was done by Jose Jimenez in 2010 called Mauro Poggi

ornamental caps.

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k94009835• http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/sets/72157603828682421/with/2232981174/• http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2008/02/ornamental-typography.html• http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/JoseJimenez--MauroPoggiOrnamentalCaps-2010.gif• http://www.flickr.com/photos/odisea2008/with/2867896177/ • http://www.odisea2008.com/2008/09/caligrafa-el-arte-de-la-escritura-ii.html • http://www.antonioraimogalleries.com/shop/raimo/author/Mauro%20Poggi.%20Alphabet..html • http://www.sothebys.com/content/dam/stb/lots/L12/L12402/416L12402_6FYH2.jpg

Opera dianto nella quale vedrete molte caratteri di lettere by Antonio Schiratti (c.1600-1615)

• Opera Dianto Nella Quale Vedrete Molte Caratteri di Lettere' (work through which you will see many characters {examples, styles?} of letters).

This imaginative calligraphy copybook-come-illuminated manuscript practice manual was produced in the city of Perugia (in Umbria, Italy) between 1600 and 1615 by the scribe Antonio Schiratti.

Plimpton MS 298, Columbia University's Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

• http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2008/12/perugia-scribe.html • http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/with/3096194289/ • http://app.cul.columbia.edu:8080/exist/scriptorium/individual/NNC-RBML-1104.xml?showLightbox

• http://marinni.livejournal.com/275087.html#cutid1

Seven initial letters from the Lufft Bible (1534)

• Seven of the set of ten initial letters used in the 1534 Lufft Bible (Luther's first complete Bible translation).

Initial A with putti carrying trophies; Initial D with a choir of angels; Initial D with the lion of St Mark; Initial I with two eagles; Inital N with three putti; Initial P with putti hunting a stag; Initial S with the winged ox of St Luke. Printed by Hans Lufft, German publisher/printer (fl. c. 1523 – 1584) Print made by Monogrammist MS, German printmaker (fl. c. 1530 - 1550).

Woodcut © The Trustees of the British Museum

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1459205&partid=1&searchText=initials&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=1

Historiated initials by Andreas Vesalius 1543

• Historiated initials from De humani corporis fabrica (On the Fabric of the Human Body) (Basil, 1543) by Andreas Vesalius (Andreas van Wesel) (1514 -1564) a Flemish-born anatomist , physician, and author.

• http://hsci.cas.ou.edu/galleries/16thCentury/Vesalius/1543-initials/ • http://hsci.ou.edu/exhibits/exhibit.php?exbgrp=-999&exbid=48&exbpg=13#figure11text • http://hsci.ou.edu/images/jpg-100dpi-10in/16thCentury/Vesalius/1543-initials/Vesalius-1543-Q-001.jpg • http://hsci.ou.edu/images/jpg-100dpi-10in/16thCentury/Vesalius/1543-initials/Vesalius-1543-O-1.jpg • http://www.vesaliusfabrica.com/en/original-fabrica/the-art-of-the-fabrica/historiated-capitals.html• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Decorated_initials_from_De_humani_corporis_fabrica• http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Vesalius-Fabrica/index2.html

Alphabet book by John Scottowe (c.1575-1600)

• Alphabet book, with English or Latin phrases from England, S. E. (Norwich), last quarter of the 16th century by the scribe John Scottowe (d. 1607), calligrapher and schoolmaster, writing master of Norwich.

MS. Harley 3885, 24 full-page initials in ink with details in gold with animal heads, foliage, and figures, some with Elizabethan coats of arms and mottos .

• http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/results.asp

Fifteen letters from a Greek majuscule alphabet by Jacob Faber 1524

• Fifteen of sixteen letters from an incomplete Greek majuscule alphabet with classical and genre scenes on dark ground; impressions from an unidentified publication of the alphabet first used for Urbanus, 'Grammaticae institutiones uam tanta adhuc cara excusae', printed by Curio in Basel on 5 March 1524.Block cut by Jacob Faber, Print made by Hans Holbein the Younger.

Metalcut. © The Trustees of the British Museum

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1598343&partid=1&searchText=alphabet&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=6

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1598345&partid=1&searchText=Jacob+Faber&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=3

Five letters from a Greek majuscule alphabet

by Hans Holbein the Younger 1515-1540 • Five initial letters from a Greek majuscule alphabet with children on white

ground; including children holding goblets, carrying grapes, a child riding a goat, children fighting and children carrying Bacchus; from an unidentified Greek publication.

Print made by Hans Holbein the Younger 1515-1540. Woodcut © The Trustees of the British Museum

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1613283&partid=1&searchText=Greek+majuscule+alphabet&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=2

Eight letters from a Greek majuscule alphabet with scenes from the Dance of Death by Hans Holbein

the Younger 1515-1530• Eight initial letters from a Greek majuscule alphabet with scenes from the

Dance of Death; with various figures surprised by Death.Attributed to Hans Holbein the Younger 1515-1530.

Metalcut © The Trustees of the British Museum

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1613255&partid=1&searchText=Dance+of+Death&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=2

Dance of Death alphabet by Hans Holbein the Younger in 1526

• Dance of Death alphabet, designed in 1526 by Hans Holbein the Younger (c.1498-1543), German artist and printmaker.

etching © The Trustees of the British Museum

• http://www.dodedans.com/Exhibit/Exhibit.php?lang=e&tag=Alphabet• http://mydelineatedlife.blogspot.com/2009/06/dance-of-death.html • http://www.danielmitsui.com/hieronymus/index.blog?start=1321077659

13 initial letters (c.1527) by Anton Woensam

• Initial letters A, C, F, H, I, M, N, L, O, P, Q, S, T, with playing putti on black ground, used as illustrations to a book probably printed by Eucharius Cervicornus in Cologne after 1527.Print made by Anton Woensam, German printmaker, painter/draughtsman (c.1493-1496 - c.1541)

Woodcut © The Trustees of the British Museum

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details/collection_image_gallery.aspx?assetId=568134&objectId=1550400&partId=1

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details/collection_image_gallery.aspx?assetId=568120&objectId=1550410&partId=1#more-views

The Children's Alphabet 1521 by Hans Weiditz the Younger

• The Children's Alphabet 1521 by Hans Weiditz the Younger, (1495 - c.1537), a German artist.

• http://www.art-wallpaper.com/24707/Weiditz+Hans/The+childrens+alphabet+Block+1?Width=1024&Height=768 • http://www.art-wallpaper.com/24708/Weiditz+Hans/The+childrens+alphabet+Block+2?Width=1024&Height=768 • http://mindgazer.deviantart.com/art/Block-Font-26064177• http://mindgazer.deviantart.com/art/Block-Font-two-26064635

Ornamented Roman Majuscule Alphabet by Daniel Hopfer c. 1520

• Ornamented Roman Majuscule Alphabet c. 1520 by the German artist Daniel Hopfer (1471–1536).

Etching The Metropolitan Museum of Art • http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/338480

Letters from a German bible printed at Witenberg in 1584

• From a German bible on the British museum printed at Witenberg in 1584.• From: The Art of Illuminating As Practised in Europe from the Earliest

Times. By W. R. Tymms, with an Essay and Instructions by M. D. Wyatt, Architect.

London. Published April 2nd 1860 by Day and Son, Lithographers to the Queen.

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/49879584@N00/5012813365/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/49879584@N00/page7/

Champ fleury by Geoffroy Tory 1529

• Champfleury subtitled “The Art and Science of the Proportion of the Attic or Ancient Roman Letters By : Geofroy Tory (ca. 1480-1533).

In 1529, Geofroy Tory, French scholar, engraver, printer, publisher and poet, was publishing the well known so called Champ Fleury, printed by Gilles de Gourmond, in Paris. The poetic title of his book translates literally as “flowery fields”; written as a single word, champfleury is an old French idiom for “paradise.”

It is a fully illustrated handbook where the author explains how to draw Roman characters.

Bibliothèque nationale de France.

• http://expositions.bnf.fr/tory/livres/champ_fleury/index.htm• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k50961p/f49.planchecontact• http://www.flickr.com/photos/vaarwel/6771067481/sizes/l/• http://bm.mairie-metz.fr/sitebm/commun/patrimoine/gravissime/premices.htm • http://bm.mairie-metz.fr/sitebm/commun/patrimoine/gravissime/images/champfleury.jpg

Menschenalphabet (The Human Alphabet) by Peter Flötner (1534)

• Menschenalphabet (The Human Alphabet ) 1534 by Peter Flötner (1490 - 1546) German designer, sculptor, and printmaker.

Museum: Graphische Sammlung Albertina, Vienna, Austria.

• http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/MA-peter_flotner1.jpg • http://www.art-wallpaper.com/8297/Fl%C3%B6tner+Peter/The+Human+Alphabet-1024x768-8297.jpg • http://fc02.deviantart.net/fs8/i/2005/339/1/6/Human_Alphabet_by_Mindgazer.jpg

Peter Flötner: Anthropomorphic alphabet, Germany ± 1540

The Human Alphabet 1567 by Amman Jost

• The Human Alphabet 1567 by Amman Jost (1539-1591) a native of Switzerland, in German artist, copper etching and engraver, ptintmaker, painter and author.

Museum Kunstmuseum, Basel, Switzerland.

• http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/MA-jost_amman.jpg

• http://www.art-wallpaper.com/313/Amman+Jost/The+Human+Alphabet-1024x768-313.jpg

Human figure alphabet by Johann Theodor de Bry (1596)

• Johann Theodor de Bry, Belgian-German copper engraver (1561 - 1623), born on Liège worked most of his life in Frankfurt am Main. His vast oeuvre includes a human figure alphabet which appeared in his book "Alphabeta et characters" (1596), and shows many influences of similar alphabets of Peter Flötner in Germany. In 1595, he published a thick "Alphabetbuch" in which we find elaborately ornamented caps.

• http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/MA-johann_theodor_de_bry.jpg

Human form alphabet by Giacomo Franco (1596)

• Giacomo Franco Italian copper engraver and publisher (1550-1620), who in 1596 published a human form alphabet largely influenced by similar alphabets of Peter Flötner in Germany.

A font based on this was made by Ulrich Stiehl.

• http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/MA-giacomo_franco.jpg• http://www.sanskritweb.net/fontdocs/giacomo.pdf • http://www.sanskritweb.net/fontdocs/index.html#GIACOMO

Human Alphabet by Martin Weigel (c. 1533 - 1580)

• Martin Weigel German publisher who worked in Nürnberg in the 16th century (fl. 1533 - 1580), and whose alphabets of human forms were largely influenced by those of Peter Flötner.

• http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/erotic.html

Guide to Constructing the Letters by Joris Hoefnagel (c. 1591-1596)

• Guide to Constructing the Letters (c. 1591 - 1596) by the Joris Hoefnagel (1542 - 1600), a Flemish / Hungarian illuminator.

In each he surrounds the typographic diagram with a colourful array of symbolically charged motifs and, for some, an excerpt from the Bible which begins with the letter of focus.

Watercolors, gold and silver paint, and ink on parchment. © J. Paul Getty Trust• http://publicdomainreview.org/collections/hoefnagels-guide-to-constructing-the-letters-ca-1595/• http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/search/?view=grid&query=YToxOntzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjtzOjI5OiJHdWlkZSBmb3Ig

Q29uc3RydWN0aW5nIExldHRlciI7fQ%3D%3D

Alfabeto Figurato 1632 by Giovanni Battista Bracelli

• Giovanni Battista Bracelli (1584-1609), Italian painter and printmaker, who was a follower of Jacopo da Empoli and who among other works published, in Livorno in 1624, some interesting etchings referred to as Oddities. The name Bracelli appears after 1624 in a series of engravings printed in Rome. In 1632 an extremely rare and bizarre Alfabeto Figurato (Illustrated Alphabet) was printed in Naples and appears closely related to the fantastic vein of the Oddities.

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/odisea2008/3470810936/sizes/o/in/photostream/ • http://www.spamula.net/blog/i34/braccelli09.jpg• http://typographica.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/bracelli-500x450.jpg

16th Century alphabet by anknown

• A set of decorative initial letters from the sixteenth century; it is missing “J” “O” “W” “X” and “Z” so that there are only 21 letters here, and a fake “J.”

The Book of Ornamental Alphabets, Ancient and Mediæval collected and engraved by Freeman Gage Delamotte (1814 – 1862); London, Crosby Lockwood and Co., 1879.

• http://www.fromoldbooks.org/DelamotteOrnamentalAlphabets/pages/051-16th-Century/2560x1382-q75.html • http://fc01.deviantart.net/fs36/i/2009/353/8/d/16th_Century_Alphabet_images_by_barefootliam_stock.jpg • http://www.fromoldbooks.org/DelamotteOrnamentalAlphabets/index3.html

An Alphabet of Organic Type by Jan Christian Bierpfaff (c.1650)

• An Alphabet of Organic Type (c.1650). A series of stunning prints – titled Libellus Novus Elementorum Latinorum –

designed by the Polish goldsmith Jan Christian Bierpfaff (1600 – c.1690) and engraved by fellow-countryman Jeremias Falck (1610 –1677).

• http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/rise-of-living-type.html• https://www.flickr.com/photos/publicdomainreview/albums/72157644875168094• https://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/albums/72157629954576345• http://publicdomainreview.org/collections/an-alphabet-of-organic-type-ca-1650/• http://www.design-is-fine.org/post/88372840244/jan-christian-bierpfaff-alphabet-of-organic-type

Initials letters by Wenceslas Hollar (c.1625 - 1670)

• Václav Hollar known in England as Wenceslaus or Wenceslas and in Germany as Wenzel Hollar (1607 - 1677), was a Bohemian etcher, who lived in England for much of his life. He was born in Prague, and died in London.

• http://link.library.utoronto.ca/hollar/• http://link.library.utoronto.ca/hollar/searchresults.cfm?query=initials%20letters&show=all

Newes ABC Buchlein by Lucas Kilian (1627)

• Newes ABC Buchlein 1627 by the German engraver Lucas Kilian (1579 –1637).

• http://mimeticon.host.furtherfield.org/MimeticonAbout.htm• http://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/dp/original/DP855602.jpg• https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/c9/e5/de/c9e5deb4c8329cb0e6d1d84fe137f600.jpg• https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/0b/29/5f/0b295f9f43ca5abf6aca9cf2d406ac78.jpg• http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/citi/images/standard/WebLarge/WebImg_000249/174661_2947058.jpg

Historiated initials by Francis Barlow from Edward Benlowes’ Theophila (1652)

• Theophila (1652), a 268-page poem book in Latin and English by Edward Benlowes (1603 –1676), illustrated by Francis Barlow (c. 1626 – 1704), an English painter, etcher, and illustrator (the first master of English book illustration).

• http://chethamslibrary.blogspot.gr/2015_08_01_archive.html

Historiated Alphabet by Valerio Spada 1656 – 1659

• This Historiated Alphabet (1656 – 1659) created by the Italian etcher, designer and calligrapher Valerio Spada (1613-1688), is a set of decorated initials with scenes in them, features scenes from seventeenth century Italy, mostly landscapes with figures (people) in them. Spada was known for combining miniature scenes with lettering or calligraphy.

• http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Various-ItalianEtchers/ • http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Various-ItalianEtchers/pages/0127-HistoriatedAlphabet-a-m/1600x1200-q85.html • http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Various-ItalianEtchers/pages/0127-HistoriatedAlphabet-n-z/800x600-q85.html

Initial letters L, V from Félibien's 'Tapisseries du Roi, où sont représentez les quatre élémens et les quatre

saisons' (c.1670) by Sébastien Leclerc• Initial letter L, with four putti personifying the four elements; Initial letter V, with Justice, seated on clouds, with Blind Justice lying at her

feet; from Félibien's 'Tapisseries du Roi, où sont représentez les quatre élémens et les quatre saisons' (Paris: Imprimerie Royale, 1670). c.1670Etching

Print made by Sébastien Leclerc, French printmaker, painter (1637 - 1714).

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=Tapisseries+du+Roi

Initial letters A, L from Perrault's 'Mémoire pour servir à l'histoire naturelle des animaux'

(c.1671) by Sébastien Leclerc• Initial letter A, with Adam and Eve surrounded by animals in the garden of

Eden; • Initial letter L, with Noah pointing the way to the Ark to various animals for 'Description du lion' in Perrault's 'Mémoire pour servir à l'histoire

naturelle des animaux' (Paris: Imprimerie Royale, 1671, in fol). c.1671 Print made by Sébastien Leclerc, French printmaker, painter (1637 - 1714).

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1635594&partid=1&searchText=S%C3%A9bastien+Leclerc+alphabet&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=6

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=M%C3%A9moire+pour+servir+%C3%A0+l'histoire+naturelle+des+animaux

Initial letter L from Perrault's 'Mémoire pour servir à l'histoire des plantes ' (c.1676) by Sébastien Leclerc

• Initial letter L, with two draped male figures in a garden; one of them points at a plant with a stick; from Dodart's 'Mémoire pour servir à l'histoire des plantes' (Paris: Imprimerie Royale, 1676). c.1676.

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1631606&partid=1&searchText=M%C3%A9moire+pour+servir+%C3%A0+l'histoire+des+plantes&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=1

Initial letter S, with Alexander the Great (c.1684) by Sébastien Leclerc

• Initial letter S, with Alexander the Great about to strike the Gordian Knot with his sword; for an unidentified book. 1684?Etching

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1629503&partid=1&searchText=initials+historiated&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=6

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=1629503&partid=1&searchText=S%C3%A9bastien+Leclerc+alphabet&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=1

Initial letters from Les Actions glorieuses de S. A. S. Charles Duc de Lorraine (c.1703-1704) by Sébastien Leclerc

• Les Actions glorieuses de S. A. S. Charles Duc de Lorraine c.1703-1704. Print made by Sébastien Leclerc, French printmaker, painter (1637 - 1714).

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=Les+Actions+glorieuses+de+S.+A.+S.+Charles+Duc+de+Lorraine&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=3

Initial letters C, L from Félibien's 'Histoire de l'abbaye royale de Saint-Denys en France' (c.1706) by Sébastien Leclerc

• Initial letter C, with King Philippe the Fair walking towards an altar upon which are the relics of St Louis;

Initial letter L, with battle scene; from Félibien's 'Histoire de l'abbaye royale de Saint-Denys en France'

(Paris: Leonard, 1706). c.1706Etching

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=Histoire+de+l'abbaye+royale+de+Saint-Denys+en+France

Initial letters from Baluze's 'Histoire généalogique de la Maison d'Auvergne by Sébastien Leclerc c.1708

• Initial letters C, F, F, K, N from Baluze's 'Histoire généalogique de la Maison d'Auvergne' (Paris, Paris: Antoine Dezallier, 1708). c.1708Etching

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText='Histoire+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogique+de+la+Maison+d'Auvergne&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=2

Ornamental design for the letter B by Gilles-Marie Oppenord (c. 1720)

• Ornamental design for the letter B c. 1720 by Gilles-Marie Oppenord (1672 - 1742), a celebrated French designer, specialized in interior architecture and decoration.

• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gilles-Marie_Oppenord_-_Ornamental_Design_for_the_Letter_B_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg

Anatomical Alphabet 1724 from Myotomia Reformata

• Anatomical Alphabet from William Cowper's (1666 -1709) "Myotomia Reformata," or an anatomical treatise on the muscles of the human body. Publisher: R. Knaplock, London 1724.

• http://otago.ourheritage.ac.nz/index.php/items/browse?search=Cowper,%20William,%201666-1709&submit_search=Search#• http://morbidanatomy.blogspot.gr/2013/12/anatomical-alphabet-from-from-william.html• http://abeautifulbook.wordpress.com/2011/09/28/an-anatomical-alphabet-made-for-william-cowpers-myotomia-reformata-london-1724/

Alphabet by Cornelis van Noorde (1741) • Alphabet (1741) by Cornelis van Noorde (Noorde C. V.) (1731-1795) an

landscape painter and draughtsman from the Northern Netherlands.• http://abc-des-abc-michea-jacobi.blogspot.gr/2014/10/lettre-h-historical-human-abc-abc.html• https://www.pinterest.com/pin/290411875951288987/

Alphabet Lettersby Martin Engelbrecht (18th century)

• Alphabet Letters (5 Vowels) by Martin Engelbrecht (German, 1684–1756), published by Martin Engelbrecht (German, 1684–1756)

Date:18th century Engraving• http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/700243• http://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/dp/original/DP855607.jpg

German Alphabet with Fantastic Figures by Jeremias Wachsmuth (c.1750)

• German Alphabet with Fantastic Figures c.1750, designed and drawn by Jeremias Wachsmuth (German 1711-1771), engraved by C.P. Maj., published by Martin Engelbrecht in Augsburg.

Set of four plates.

• http://www.drawingsandprints.com/CurrentExhibition/detail.cfm?ExhibitionID=56&Exhibition=39

Alphabet decorated letters Rococo-Baroque by Jeremias Wachsmuth (c. 1750)

• Alphabet decorated letters Rococo- Baroque c.1750, designed and drawn by Jeremias Wachsmuth (German 1711-1771), engraved by C.P. Maj., published by Martin Engelbrecht in Augsburg.

The set of four prints is a complete alphabet (as often omitting J and U), each letter decorated with figures, birds and flowers in Rococo/late Baroque style. Empty spaces between the letters decorated with insects and plants.

• http://www.amazon.co.uk/ThePrintsCollector-Antique-Print-ALPHABET-DECORATED-LETTER-ROCOCO-BAROQUE-Maj-Waxmuth-1750/dp/B00JO9VGAQ

• http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/700316

Decorated Roman alphabet by Johann David Nessenthaler (c. 1755)

• Decorated Roman alphabet designed c. 1755 by Johann David Nessenthaler (German, c. 1717–before 1766), published by Martin Engelbrecht (German, 1684–1756)

4 Engraving 22.8 × 28.2 cm, 20.2 × 24.8 cm, 20.8 × 27.6 cm, 19.4 × 24.5 cm

• http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/700315• http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/700321• http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/700322• http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/700324

Vita di S. Filippo Neri (1757) by Giuseppe Filosi

• Vita di S. Filippo Neri, incise in rame. Venice: [s.n.], 1757. This entirely illustrated biography of Saint Filippo Neri (1515-1595), the

founder of the Oratorian order. Neri, an extremely popular confessor and spiritual advisor in Rome whose advice was sought by Popes and Cardinals as well as commoners, was venerated as a saint during his lifetime and was canonized in 1622.

The images engraved by Giuseppe Filosi, a book illustrator (active 1740 - 1760), are based on illustrations by Giacomo Tanaglia. The title of the work is “spelled out” in historiated upper case letters, each depicting a virtue which is identified in a caption beneath each letter.

• http://smu.edu/bridwell_tools/specialcollections/RecentAcqIllust/RAI_Suites.htm • http://smu.edu/bridwell_tools/specialcollections/RecentAcqIllust/BRB0325-title.gif

The Comical Hotch-Potch, or The Alphabet Turn'd Posture-Master (1782)

• The Comical Hotch-Potch, or The Alphabet Turn'd Posture-Master. Print by Carington Bowles, London 1782.

• http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-m-OhnnFNJ-k/UwEFoh37RDI/AAAAAAAA79s/L8BvrpqXyug/s1600/2.jpg• http://io9.com/youve-never-seen-the-abcs-look-this-bizarre-and-wonderf-1523042033• http://fineartamerica.com/featured/alphabet-1782-granger.html

Alphabeth de la Bourbonnoise (1789)

• Alphabeth de la Bourbonnoise, France 1789. engraving and etching ; 24.6 x 21.3 cm (sheet) Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.,

• http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/ppmsca.15895/• http://fineartamerica.com/featured/1-nude-alphabet-with-no-u-1789-science-source.html

The Man of Letters or Pierrot's Alphabet 1794

• The Man of Letters or Pierrot's Alphabet 1794. Note That I Doubles with J and U with V. Print by Bowles & Carner, London 1794.

• http://eu.art.com/products/p12385476-sa-i1751232/posters.htm

Clerical Calendar by Richard Newton (1795)

• Clerical Calendar in 1795 by Richard Newton (1777–1798) a brilliantr short-lived English caricaturist.

• http://mikerendell.com/2013/04/• http://images.library.yale.edu/walpoleweb/fullzoom.asp?imageid=lwlpr08593

Armenian flowery alphabet by Edmund Fry, 1799

• Armenian flowery alphabet from Pantographia by Edmund Fry, 1799. • Armenian 5.These letters are termed blooming or flowery, and are used in

titles of books, and as two-line letters in the beginnings of chapters. They represent flowers, and the figures of men and animals.

• http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Fry-Pantographia/pages/p012/p012.jpg • http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Fry-Pantographia/pages/p12-figures/

• http://classes.bnf.fr/dossiecr/atelier/grand/sq04-08.htm

Letter Y from an Alphabet Primerby Victor Adam (1832)

• Letter Y formed by an acrobat from an Alphabet Primer, 1832 , Paris. Print made by the French printmaker, painter/draughtsman Victor Adam

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=letter+y&page=1

Alphabet en énigme by Victor Adam (c.1820 - 1860)

• Alphabet en énigme by the French painter and lithographer Victor Adam (1801-1866).

• http://abc-des-abc-michea-jacobi.blogspot.gr/2014/10/lettre-h-historical-human-abc-abc.html?view=sidebar• http://images-00.delcampe-static.net/img_large/auction/000/290/250/845_001.jpg• http://images.delcampe.com/img_large/auction/000/083/416/996_001.jpg• http://www.delcampe.net/page/item/id,0290250845,language,E.html

Alphabet diabolique by Jean Midolle (1834)

• Alphabet diabolique from Oeuvres de Jean Midolle granées sur pierre / par Jean Midolle, lithographie d'Emile Simon fils (Strasbourg) 1834-1835.

Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire de Strasbourg, FSO1825 Digitised by Jester Font Studio 2001. • http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9400978v/f4.image.r=(text:jean%20AND%20text:midolle).langFR• http://www.flickr.com/photos/andyz/5245444250/• http://valerie6.myweb.uga.edu/design.html• http://www.fontspace.com/jester-font-studio/diabolique

Alphabet diaboliqueby Michel Delaporte (1836)

• Alphabet diabolique en ombre chinoises, 1836 by Pierre Michel Delaporte (1806 - 1872) a French playwright, painter, lithographer and political cartoonist.

• http://peccadille.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Diablerie_Alphabet.jpg• http://detournementsmineurs.tumblr.com/post/134151860056/alphabet-diabolique-d%C3%A9tail-lithographie-de• http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/mlle_anais/14461951/682419/682419_original.jpg• http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-prR0AK6NHSE/Vp4b6qSnSTI/AAAAAAAAqc4/TUL8V_VpMl8/s1600/alphabet

%2Bdiabolique.jpg

Alphabet comique de Daumier 1836

• Alphabet comique de DaumierHonoré Daumier (1808-1879) was a French printmaker, caricaturist, painter, and sculptor.

• http://classes.bnf.fr/dossiecr/atelier/grand/sq05-01.htm • http://rocbor.net/typo/Daumier/img/Daumier_AlphabetComique01.png• http://rocbor.net/typo/Daumier/img/Daumier_AlphabetComique02.png

Alphabet diabolique by Jean Midolle (1837)

• Alphabet diabolique was designed by Jean Midolle and published in Strasbourg in 1837.

Ornamental lettrines by Napoléon Landais (1834)

• Ornamental lettrines by Napoléon Landais (1804 - 1852) from either his 'Dictionnaire Général et Grammatical des Dictionnaires Français' (1834) or his 'Petit Dictionnaire Français Portatif' (1840).

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6136730p• https://apps.atilf.fr/artdico/listeOrnements.php?debut=0• http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2007/03/dictionary-iconography.html • http://marinni.livejournal.com/496292.html#cutid1

The Landscape Alphabet c. 1818-1860 by Charles Joseph Hullmandel

• The Landscape Alphabet c. 1818-1860. Printed and published by Charles Joseph Hullmandel (1789 –1850)

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?objectId=3402039&partId=1&searchText=1870,0514.2075-2100&page=1

Comic Alphabet by George Cruikshank (1836)

• Comic Alphabet in 1836 by George Cruikshank (1792 –1878), a British caricaturist and book illustrator.

• http://spitalfieldslife.com/2012/10/10/george-cruikshanks-comic-alphabet/

The Comic Alphabet by Percy Cruikshank (1847)

• The Comic Alphabet 1847 by Percy Cruikshank (fl. 1840-1860)

• https://oldtales7.wordpress.com/the-comic-alphabet-by-percy-cruikshank/• https://oldtales7.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/comicalphabet00crui_1.jpg• https://archive.org/details/comicalphabet00crui

Alphabet Les Cris de Paris n°1(c.1845)

Human Alphabets 2( 1515 – 1847 )

Sources• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=Alfabeto+in+sogno• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=Nova+Alphati+ • http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=Giacomo+Paolini • http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=Antonius+Sylvius • http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k94009835• http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/sets/72157603828682421/with/2232981174/• http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2008/02/ornamental-typography.html• http://marinni.livejournal.com/ • http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/JoseJimenez--MauroPoggiOrnamentalCaps-2010.gif• http://www.vesaliusfabrica.com/en/original-fabrica/the-art-of-the-fabrica/historiated-capitals.html• http://www.dodedans.com/Exhibit/Exhibit.php?lang=e&tag=Alphabet• http://publicdomainreview.org/collections/hoefnagels-guide-to-constructing-the-letters-ca-1595/• http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/rise-of-living-type.html• http://mimeticon.host.furtherfield.org/MimeticonAbout.htm• http://morbidanatomy.blogspot.gr/2013/12/anatomical-alphabet-from-from-william.html• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6136730p• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?

objectId=3402039&partId=1&searchText=1870,0514.2075-2100&page=1• http://spitalfieldslife.com/2012/10/10/george-cruikshanks-comic-alphabet/• https://oldtales7.wordpress.com/the-comic-alphabet-by-percy-cruikshank/

• All the copyrights belong to the original authors

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