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Application of GIS in Telecommunication
Session 2013-2015 Page 1
Table of Contents
Chapter 01: Introduction 02
Telecommunication 02
Significance of Telecommunication 02
Role of GIS in Telecommunication 03
Telecommunication as Backbone 03
Chapter 02: Case Study 05
Planning Flexible Coverage Network Plan 05
GIS in Pakistan 08
Bibliography 09
List of Figures
01. Fig 1.2 Role of GIS in Telecommunication 03
02. Fig 1.3 GIS as Backbone 04
03. Fig 2.1.1 1m DEM 05
04. Fig 2.1.2 Vector Representation of Ottawa 05
05. Fig 2.1.3 30m DEM 05
06. Fig 2.1.4 Classification Ottawa State (15 Classes) 05
07. Fig 2.1.5 Demand per Building 06
08. Fig 2.1.6 Step by Step Operation 06
09. Fig 2.1.7 Final Traffic Map 07
10. Fig 2.1.8 Statistical Analysis 08
11. Fig 2.1.9 Cell Loading Map 08
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
Session 2013-2015 Page 2
1. Introduction
Earlier days, communication was done by smoke signal, drums, and cravings on wall or other
things etc. But now a day, modern technologies like telephones, television, wireless, and
internet etc. are the source of communication at a distance.
“Tele-communications has been defined as a technology concerned with communicating from
a distance.” (TARMO, 2003)
All this tremendous advancements has turned the world into a global village. So everyone has
to coop up with emerging technologies in order to survive efficiently. It is now the
requirement of today’s world.
As said by Ron Digrandi, director of business development, time warner cable
“…, but you will die if you stay stagnant analyzing and utilizing data in the same old way.”
1.1 Significance of Telecommunication
Telecommunication has over-taken the old and traditional ways of communication in past
few years. With its efficiency, low cost, high customer’s service, and large coverage area.
By international telecommunication union (ITU),
“Global telecommunications equipment and service revenue annually exceed US $575
billion.”
It plays an important role in the everyday life of any individual. All the modern operations
are highly effected by the technologies and are fully dependent of telecommunication. They
have essential impact in the community. As they developed the most complicated but
operational network system.
According to TARMO, 2003,
“There are 500-600 fixed telephones per 1000 inhabitants in north America and Europe.”
The estimation of the economic development of any country can be deduced by its
advancement in the telecommunication service.
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
Session 2013-2015 Page 3
1.2 Role of GIS in Telecommunication
Geographic information system (GIS) as a tool will enable telecommunication
professionals to integrate maps and information to make better decisions. From planning and
maintaining network infrastructure to administering mobile telephone coverage, managing
existing customers, and finding new ones. GIS users rely on location-based data to find the
answers. GIS allows carriers to keep track of customer mobility and trends in the amazing
bandwidth requirements driven by entertainment and internet services. Viewing information
on a map makes it quicker and more intuitive than relying on spreadsheets and other tabular
data. (Omogunloye, 2013).
Fig 1.2 Role of GIS In Telecommunication
1.3 Telecommunication as a Backbone
As mentioned earlier, telecommunication served the best way to perform the task in short
time span. So, any field of the life is incomplete without its use.
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
Session 2013-2015 Page 4
For example, you have to deal with the emergency situation in some remote place, what are
sources of communication??? The communication relied on cellular mobiles and radio
telephones that had poor coverage areas as compared to the telecomm phones. The more
reliable and worldwide way of communication with large coverage areas are: GSM (Global
System for Mobile) and UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication Network). For
updating yourself, the emergency management team uses social media, internet, and remote
sensing device so they can act properly.
“Nevertheless, during times of confusion, face-to-face communications proved to be the most
effective means of getting activities underway.” (Dantas, 2006)
It is clear now that communication plays an important role. And if it is aided by the GIS
techniques, what else you need!
Fig 1.3 GIS as Backbone
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
Session 2013-2015 Page 5
2. Case Study
To fully understand the role of GIS in the field of
telecommunications, let’s try few of the examples that use the
techniques of GIS.
2.1 Planning Flexible Coverage Plan
The project was conducted by the Fig 2.1.1 1m DEM
Bernard Breton Director, Wireless Development
Northwood Technologies in the year 2011in Ottawa, Canada.
As it is a wireless software company, so their objective was to
present a simple process for network planning using “Demand-
centric approach”.
Tasks and Aims
The main tasks were: Fig 2.1.2 Vector Data
Model the usage traffic of wireless network.
Predict the future market
GIS Tools
The GIS techniques and tools that were used:
1. Review the spatial information
2. Classification
Fig 2.1.3 30m DEM
3. Raster operations
4. Extracting the formula
Step by Step Operation
The following are the points extracted from the project study
that help us to understand the application of GIS in telecomm
sector.
1. Required a high resolution 1m DEM to extract the
building heights. Fig 2.1.4 Classification
2. Vector data, so to obtain the building footprints.
3. Low resolution 30m DEM.
4. Classification of 30 m DEM into 15 classes.
5. Estimation of the demand in the working time for. That helps to estimate their needs.
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
Session 2013-2015 Page 6
6. Calculate the building heights. Building
heights can be used to calculate the
number of floors. While Demand is
directly proportional to the height of the
building.
7. Calculating the area of the footprints of
the building helps to estimate the
number of offices.
Fig 2.1.5 Demand
8. Then apply Query operation to extract the lager buildings. (> 0.0002mi2)
9. Extract the heights of those larger buildings.
Fig 2.1.6 Steps of Calculation
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
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10. Calculate the number of users by using
formula.
11. Calculate the demand per building.
12. Represent the final traffic model. The
unit of demand per building is mbit/s.
Fig 2.1.7 Demand per Building
Results
This is the final map of usage of the wireless communication.
With Red color showing the maximum usage. (1.45-6.90 mbit/s or 30 buildings)
And Dark Blue shows the minimum usage (0-0.06 mbit/s or 270 buildings)
Fig 2.1.7 Final Traffic Model
Statistical Analysis
The total possible comparison between the demand and the serve by the Northwood company
is shown below:
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
Session 2013-2015 Page 8
Total Demand: 429.9 mbit/s
Served Demand: 367.5 mbit/s (85.5%)
Target Buildings: 1539
Served Buildings: 1166 (75.8%)
Fig 2.1.8 Statistical Analysis
Indirect Information
One more information from the above
analysis that can be extracted is Cell Loading
analysis.
The Red color shows maximum
loading areas (30-100% or 314
buildings).
The Green highlights the minimum
loading areas. (0-20% or 1069
buildings). Fig 2.1.9 Cell Loading
GIS in Pakistan
Although it is still a new field in Pakistan, but in the meantime a lot options are there to
explore. GIS is goining to be the trademark for those companies who have done automation
in their fields.
For example, in the year 2012, 10th
Aug, PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Limited
Company) was honored by the “ESRI Special Achievement in GIS Awards 2012” for its
outstanding work in Islamabad sector. That includes: Base-Map development, Access
Network in Network Engineer (GIS), Copper/Fiber Network Planning and PTCL Capacity
Building etc.
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
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Bibliography
1. Dantas A., Seville E., and Nicholson A. (Mar, 2006). Information Sharing during
Disaster Can we do it better?
2. Dr. Omogunloye O.G., Qaadri J. A., Mrs. Omogunloye H.B., and Oladiboye O.E.
(Mar-Apr, 2013). Analysis of Mast Management Distribution and Telecommunication
Service Using Geospatial Technique. OSR Journal Of Environmental Science,
Toxicology And Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) e-ISSN: 2319-2402, p-ISSN:
2319-2399. Volume 3, Issue 3, PP 58-75.
3. Trnka J., and Dr Sivertun A. GIS In Emergency Management As A Core Information
System And Related New Requirements To Emergency Telecommunication. IDA
Linköping University.
4. Breton B. Director, Wireless Development
Northwood Technologies Inc. Planning and Executing a
Flexible Coverage Plan,
https://kambing.ui.ac.id/.../Wireless%20Telecom%20Software%20Solutions.ppt
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