FlashlinQ – Direct Device-to-Device Communication Technology

Future of Wireless? The Proximate Internet Rajiv Laroia

COMSNETS, January 7, 2010

2

FlashlinQ – Direct Device-to-Device Communication Technology

Over Licensed Spectrum No Infrastructure Needed

3

Where We are Today

•  Wireless –  WAN

•  1G – Analog voice •  2G – Digital voice •  3G/4G – Broadband data/voice •  No notion of physical location or proximity

–  LAN •  WiFi •  Bluetooth •  Ad hoc networks (WiFi P2P mode)

•  Wired –  Ethernet – local –  Internet

•  Global •  No notion of physical location or proximity

We Are Social Beings That Interact With The Physical World Around Us

FlashlinQ – The Vision

5

Consider a Place

QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

6

Perhaps a “Neighborhood”

QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

7 QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

or the “Mall” nearby

8 QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

or your “Home”

9 QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

or someone’s “Office”

10

...and how these places relate to people

11

and things,

12

and wireless,

13

And then consider...

QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

14

amidst these places,

15

the Internet is being Embedded.

16

(all people will be connected!!!)

Sometimes with great fanfare! (3G)

17

(so will all things…)

but more often silently…

18

And then consider...

19

that your mobile Internet device

20

walks about as if blindfolded

21

to its

Physically-Proximate

Internet.

22

Need for a Proximate Internet

Proximate Internet compliments the Internet, does not replace it

Mobile/fixed ‘devices’ communicate with nearby mobile/fixed ‘devices’ Think of devices as ‘higher layer entities’ such as applications or services

•  Location based services over 3G networks –  Mobile-to-fixed (could also be mobile-to-mobile)

•  Bluetooth based proximate services –  File/content sharing – mobile-to-mobile –  Local advertising – mobile-to-fixed

•  WiFi based in home services –  Apple devices using Bonjour – mobile-to-fixed or fixed-to-fixed

23

Current Solutions for Proximate Internet - Centralized

•  WAN-GPS based approach –  Mobile WAN devices determine location using GPS –  Devices communicate their location to a ‘God-Box’ in the network –  God-Box tracks all devices –  God-Box informs devices of services and mobiles in their vicinity

•  Issues with WAN-GPS based approach –  GPS consumes power –  GPS unreliable Indoors –  Privacy concerns with God-Box tracking everything –  Uses expensive WAN capacity –  Does not cover non-WAN devices –  Does not scale well for high device density –  Closed business model – slower innovation in services

24

Current Solutions for Proximate Internet - Distributed

•  WiFi based –  Generally mobile-to-fixed infrastructure –  Mobile-to-mobile with WiFi P2P mode

•  Bluetooth based –  Direct device-to-device communication –  Master/slave devices (not P2P)

•  Issues with WiFi/Bluetooth based approaches –  Device discovery power hungry – no automatic discovery –  Very small range – cannot be increased (unlicensed spectrum) –  Existing Phy/Mac not designed to scale with device density –  No power efficient paging capability in WiFi –  Evolution of standard preserves Phy/Mac for backward compatibility

FlashlinQ Overview

26

Requirements of Proximate Internet FlashlinQ

•  Discovery – establishing need to communicate –  Devices (application) discover all other devices within range (upto ~ mile)

•  Capable of discovering thousands of devices •  Identify only authorized devices (privacy maintained)

–  Automatic power efficient discovery every 10 seconds

•  Paging – initiating communication –  Link established through paging –  Paging ability once a second

•  Communication –  Once link established, devices can securely communicate –  ~2 msec framing –  All pairs that can coexist communicate simultaneously

•  Orthogonalization/reuse tradeoff - high system capacity

Synchronous technology

Licensed spectrum

27

System Vision

•  One must be able to see many things…

•  One should see a higher layer entity…

•  One must be able to speak with what one sees…

•  One must be able to trust that which one speaks with…

•  One’s IP sessions should move to/from FlashLinQ as necessary…

28 QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

29

Proximate D2D NAN

(Neighborhood Area Network) QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

30

Autonomous Advertisements…

Mobile Notary Public

Courier: for Hire

Local Seamstress

School: Polling Place

Taxi: for Hire -> Heading to NYC, need a

ride?

Grocer -> ½ off Salami

QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

31

Good to know

Johnny is near home

A Family out for the day

A School Field Trip

The “Neighborhood

Watch” Cmte

Discovering what one cares about nearby…

QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

32

Communicating with it…

“Multi-player” Neighborhood Gaming

“Media Swap”

“Proximate Context-aware Gaming”

Mobile Social Network “Profile Matching”

In-building Automation Control

“Vouch” – building 3rd-party Trust Nets

“FlashPay” – eCash between eWallets

QUALCOMM Proprietary and Confidential

33

FlashlinQ 1.  Discovery Autonomicity, Range and Number of Devices 2.  Self Organized Device-to-Device (D2D) Communication

3.  Session Mobility to/from FlashlinQ & Cellular/WiFi/etc.

FlashlinQ: A Clean Slate Approach to D2D

Buddy

Gamers

Advertisers

Unknown

Discovery D2D Communication

Desired link

Interference link

34

All uniquely visible and trackable

Incoming Adverts

Even as I advertise

FlashlinQ Devices “see” past each other

Autonomous Expression Advertisements…

35

1) Slot-by-slot, half-duplex scheduling (devices cannot simultaneously send and receive)

FlashlinQ Devices dynamically trade-off spectral reuse and

orthogonality

2) Each slot contains a “feasible” transmission link set (senders cannot “blind” receivers)

3) Unicast (and Broadcast) support

Ad Hoc Direct Transmission to Nearby Devices

FlashlinQ Devices can “talk” past each other

36

Technical Challenges in FlashlinQ design

•  Large wireless dynamic range >100 dB –  All wireless systems need to deal with this range

•  WAN – unrestricted association •  WiFI – orthogonalization

–  FlashlinQ – timing synchronization & slotted orthogonalization

•  Half-duplexing –  Device cannot transmit and listen at the same time –  While device is transmitting, it cannot monitor signals from other devices

•  TDD –  Traditional TDD has a predetermined FL/RL partition –  Unlike traditional TDD, TX and RX partition in P2P may not be fixed a priori or

determined by a centralized controller

•  Distributed scheduling –  WAN – centralized scheduling by the basestation –  FlashlinQ – distributed scheduling where each device independently decides to

transmit or not

37

Applications of FlashlinQ

•  Coordinate unlicensed spectrum communication –  Multichannel WiFi – discovery & paging

–  White-space communication

•  Social networking –  Discover friends in the vicinity

–  Find people that share common interests

•  Mobile advertizing

–  Neighborhood stores – products & services

–  People offering services

•  Remotely control devices around you •  …

38

Thank You

Questions/Comments?