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Why are there Different Kinds of Barcodes?
Why Isn’t there one super-symbology
that can do it all?
(Because nobody can define “all” for all time.)
Problems and Solutions Evolve
• Barcodes were invented
to solve a specific problem
in the grocery industry
UPC solved a problem in the 1970’s but is now threatened by its own success as the system approaches its numbering capacity.
Problem = Opportunity
• Old symbologies evolve into variations:
The original UPC now has evolved into many specialty types including UPC-A, UPC-E,
EAN-13, EAN-8, Bookland, BIPAD and NDC 3
Problem = Opportunity
New symbologies solve problems old symbologies cannot solve
• Limited available space on labels • Limited data capacity • Numeric-only encoded characters • Error detection only in some 1D types
Evolution of Solutions
Linear barcode evolution
• Code 39
alpha-numeric encoding
• Code 128 included upper
and lower case and
special characters
• Code 128 space efficiencies
1D Symbol Evolution
Stacked Linear Symbologies
• PDF417
• GS1 Databar
Evolution of Solutions
2D barcode evolution
• Increase data capacity
• Decrease footprint
• Error correction
• Tolerant to very low reflectivity applications
2D Symbol Types
QR Code
Data Matrix Code
Aztec Code
Maxi Code
2D Symbol Evolution
Microsoft Tag
Ultra Code
The Future
Problems that are now being solved:
• Hidden /encrypted data: encoding with color
• Invisible barcodes: UV and digital watermark
• Web-validation security: cloud lookup
Different Kinds of Barcodes
There are different kinds of barcodes for a changing world with emerging problems.
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