Cu stp 09_parabolic dish

SOLAR THERMAL POWER!GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007!

Manuel A. Silva Pérez!silva@esi.us.es!

9. Parabolic Dish Technology!

Parabolic dish systems

}  Combine a paraboloidal concentrator (parabolic dish) with a Power Conversion Unit (PCU) directly attached to the concentrator

}  Types of PCU }  Gas Turbines }  Direct Steam Generation }  Stirling Engine

Advanco ('82-'85)"

MDAC ('83-'88) Boeing/SES (ʻ98-ʼ99)"

SBP/Almeria"('88-'99)"

Cummins"('89-'96)"

SBP/Solo"

SAIC/STM"

19/07/11 1 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Parabolic Dish + Gas Turbine

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 2

}  Cummings 1996

Parabolic dish - Direct Steam Generation

Dish collector field at Shenandoah, GA •  Industrial process heat project. •  7 meters diameter, •  aluminized film reflector Heat from the field was used in a textile plant for air conditioning and process heat.

19/07/11 3 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Solar Village (Arabia Saudí)

19/07/11 4 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Parabolic dish – Stirling engine experiences (source: Mancini et al. JSEE 2003)

19/07/11 5 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Parabolic dish – Stirling engine

} High performance }  High concentration ratio }  High temperature }  Modularity }  No water consumption

•  High capital costs – Stirling engine and concentrator

•  High O+M costs – H2 refilling, engine maintenance

•  Durability of the engine SBP/Solo-PSA"

10-kW EuroDish

19/07/11 6 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Dish – Stirling systems. Main elements }  Structure }  Concentrator }  Tracking system }  PCU }  Control

19/07/11 7 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Structure

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 8

Structural optical surface

19/07/11 9 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Space frame structures

19/07/11 10 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Stretched membrane

19/07/11 11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Concentrator

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 12

Glass mirror-faceted

}  Spherically curved mirrors }  Individually alignable }  Parabolic shaped structure

19/07/11 13 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Full surface paraboloid }  The entire surface forms a paraboloid }  Usually made of a number of ‘petals’

19/07/11 14 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Stretched membrane. Single facet }  Membrane

}  Preshaped (vacuum not enough) }  Thin reflective plastic }  Thin metal sheet + reflective surface

19/07/11 15 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Stretched membrane - multifaceted }  Avoid the need for preshaping }  Difficult alignment

19/07/11 16 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Mounting

Pedestal Carrousel

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 17

Tracking

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 18

Polar tracking

19/07/11 19 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Elevation - azimuth tracking

19/07/11 20 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Receiver }  Absorbs concentrated solar energy and converts it to thermal

energy that heats the working fluid (gas) inside the engine. }  External (low temp.) }  Cavity (high temp.)

}  Directly illuminated tubes }  Reflux

19/07/11 21 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Directly illuminated tubes receiver

19/07/11 22 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Reflux receiver }  Intermediate heat transfer fluid }  Decouple receiver and engine

}  Pool boiler. The absorber surface is always immersed in a liquid

19/07/11 23 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Reflux receiver }  Heat pipe. A wick draws the liquid metal from a small sump

19/07/11 24 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Stirling Engine }  The Stirling cycle

19/07/11 25 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Stirling engines }  Kinematic }  Free piston

19/07/11 26 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Cleanergy, 10 kW

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 27

Performance of Eurodish System

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 28

Performance of the Eurodish System

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 29

State of the art }  Most efficient solar to electric technology (>30%). }  Pre-commercial experiences

}  Increase reliability }  Reduce costs

}  Three (four) main manufacturers / systems today }  Tessera Suncatcher (SES) 25 kW }  Cleanergy / SBP Eurodish 10 kW }  Infinia Corp 3 kW }  (Ripaso Energy) 25 kW

19/07/11 30 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

SES / Tessera Suncatcher http://www.tesserasolar.com/

19/07/11 31 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

SES / Tessera Solar, Maricopa 1.5 MW

Infinia http://www.infiniacorp.com/

}  3 kW Free piston engine

19/07/11 33 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Infinia

19/07/11 34 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Eurodish sbp.de

}  10 kW kinematic Stirling engine (SOLO V161) }  8.5 m diameter concentrator

19/07/11 35 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007

Projects (Tessera Solar / SES)

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 36

}  Imperial Valley (Solar 2) | Imperial County, California | San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) 750MW | Total of 30,000 SunCatcher™ Power Systems.

}  Calico (Solar 1) | San Bernardino County, California | Southern California Edison (SCE) 850MW | Total of 34,000 SunCatcher™ Power Systems. .

}  Western Ranch Solar | West Texas | CPS Energy 27MW |Total of 1,080 SunCatcher™ Power Systems.

}  Maricopa Solar | Maricopa County - Peoria, Arizona | Salt River Project (SRP) 1.5MW |Total of 60 SunCatcher™ Power Systems.

Projects (Infinia)

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 37

}  Infinia }  100 kW demo plant, Vllarrobledo, Spain }  70 MW (2 projects) in Spain }  SD G&E (demonstration projects)

}  Cleanergy }  SOLARDIS (5 units x 10 kW)

19/07/11 GEEN 4830 – ECEN 5007 38

}  Free piston engine. }  http://www.infiniacorp.com/howitworks.html }  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fl8iNXsjsbI&feature=fvw

}  Tessera /SES }  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-MJrJpW2M0

}  Infinia }  http://www.infiniacorp.com/powerdish.html

}  Cleanergy

}  Eurodish