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TheyThey have boughthave bought a new house.a new house.(When did they buy it? We don’t know when;the time is not mentioned.)
HeHe hahass lived lived in in France France since 1991.since 1991.( He still lives in France.)
HHaave ve youyou ever eaten ever eaten fried ants?fried ants?
1.1. Action started in the past and continues up to the present.Action started in the past and continues up to the present.2.2. Experience.Experience.3.3. Unspecific time.Unspecific time.
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I washed
We have cleaned
You (`ve) danced
They finished
done
He been
She has bought
It (`s) begun
I washed
We have cleaned
You (`ve) danced
They finished
done
He been
She has bought
It (`s) begun
I washed
We haven`t cleaned
You (have not) danced
They finished
done
He been
She hasn`t bought
It (has not) begun
I washed
We haven`t cleaned
You (have not) danced
They finished
done
He been
She hasn`t bought
It (has not) begun
STRUCTURE
Positive Positive NegativeNegative
EXAMPLES
• I HAVE GONE TO SPAIN.
EXAMPLES
• HE HAS HAD AN ACCIDENT.
EXAMPLES
• I HAVEN’T GONE TO INDIA.
EXAMPLES
• SHE HASN’T PLAYED GOLF.
EXAMPLES
• HE HASN’T FIXED A CAR.
EXAMPLES
• THEY HAVEN’T SEEN AN ALIEN.
I washed?
Have we cleaned?
you danced?
they finished?
he been?
Has she bought?
it begun?
I
Yes / No we
you
they
he
Yes / No she
it
have/haven’t
has/hasn’t
Questions Questions AnswersAnswers
STRUCTURE
EXAMPLES
• HAVE YOU PRACTICED BOWLING?
• HAVE YOU PLAYED BASEBALL?
Yes, I have / No, I haven’t.
Yes, I have / No, I haven’t.
EXAMPLES
• HAS HE PLAYED FOOTBALL?
• HAS HE RIDDEN A MOTORCYCLE?
Yes, he has / No, he hasn’t.
Yes, he has / No, he hasn’t.
Tom bought a new laptop yesterdayyesterday.
My parents travelled to Cuzco last year.last year.
Tom has bought a new car .
My parents have travelled to Cuzco twice twice so far.so far.
PAST SIMPLE: Specific time in the past:
Time expression:Time expression:yesterday , last night, two days ago, etc
PAST SIMPLE: Specific time in the past:
Time expression:Time expression:yesterday , last night, two days ago, etc
PRESENT PERFECT: Unspecific time in the past
ExperiencesTime Time expression: expression: so far, already, yet, for, since, etc.
PRESENT PERFECT: Unspecific time in the past
ExperiencesTime Time expression: expression: so far, already, yet, for, since, etc.
just = a short time ago
‘Where’s Anna?’ ‘She’s just woken up.’ ‘Are you hungry?’ ‘No, I’ve just had dinner.’ ‘Is Tom here?’ ‘No, I’m afraid he’s just gone out.’
I’ve just…
are used for a period of time:
Since: For:
Edward has been a wampire since 1918.
They have been married for long years.
Hidayet Türkoğlu has played basketball since he was a child.
Hadise has sung for 6 years.
Examples:
Since: For:
since yesterday
since Friday.
since 2005.
since I moved to London.
for ten minutes.
for three hours.
for five days.
for a month.
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