Application of satellite imagery

Khan_su@hotmail.com

Outline

Objective Historical Background Methology Output Cause and Effect Conclusion

Objective

To assess the existing forest areas in each periods by using satellite imagery

To study and monitor forest cover areas in Thailand

To analyze the cause and effect of forest cover changes

Historical background

Department of national park wildlife and plant conservation ( former the Royal Forest Department ) start to use Land satellite-LANDSAT of Nation Aerospace Administrative –NASA since 1973

The Application of Satellite data to assess the existing forest cover of Thailand by visual interpretationin19731976,1978,1982,1985,1988,1991,1993,1995,1998,2000 and 2004

Historical background

Satellite Data : LANDSAT 1,2,3,4,5,7 Classification: Visual Interpretation Map Scale : 1 : 250000 /1 : 50000 Data source : Hard Copy Out source : Hard Copy Time Peroids : 2 – 4 years

Historical background

The Result : The result of the existing forest area of Thailand by using LANDSAT interpretation in Thailand. There are the existing forest areas as follow;

-----------Based map on scale 1 : 250,000-----------

In 1973 the existing forest areas are 221,725 square kilometers or 43.21 % of the countryIn 1976 the existing forest areas are 198,417 square kilometers or 38.67 % of the countryIn 1978 the existing forest areas are 175,224 square kilometers or 34.15 % of the countryIn 1982 the existing forest areas are 156,600 square kilometers or 30.52 % of the countryIn 1985 the existing forest areas are 150,866 square kilometers or 29.40 % of the country

In 1988 the existing forest areas are 143,803 square kilometers or 28.03 % of the countryIn 1989 the existing forest areas are 143,417 square kilometers or 27.95 % of the countryIn 1991 the existing forest areas are 136,698 square kilometers or 26.64 % of the countryIn 1993 the existing forest areas are 135,554 square kilometers or 26.03 % of the countryIn 1995 the existing forest areas are 131,485 square kilometers or 25.62 % of the countryIn 1998 the existing forest areas are 129,722 square kilometers or 25.28 % of the country

-----------Based map on scale 1 : 50,000-----------

In 2000 the existing forest areas are 172,050 square kilometers or 33.40 % of the countryIn 2004 the existing forest areas are 167,692 square kilometers or 32.67 % of the country

Methology

Classification categories

Upland forest Mangrove forest Shrimp farm Water Body Other land

Field survey

Topographic map Satellite imagery Ground photograph Crown cover and plant profile

Profile of Dry Dipterocarp Forest

Percent of Crown Cover = 52.21Percent of Crown Cover = 52.21 %%

Profile of Mixed Deciduous Forest

Percent of Crown Cover = 81.10Percent of Crown Cover = 81.10 %%

Profile of Dry Evergreen ForestProfile of Dry Evergreen Forest

Percent of Crown Cover = 87.41Percent of Crown Cover = 87.41 %%

Profile of Swamp Forest

Percent of Crown Cover = 80.04Percent of Crown Cover = 80.04 %%

Output

Forest Cover Map 2008 Forest Cover Change 2006 – 2008 Forest Cover in Conservation Area

Cause of Forest Changes

Land Demand for Agriculture ( main problem )

Land Demand for Resouvoir Land Demand for Residential Areas Land Demand for Commercial areas Land Demand for Recreation Areas Forest Fire

Effect of Forest Changes

Global Warming and Climate Changes * Long-term Working Group * Kyoto-Potocal Working Group

Water Supply decreasing * Drought

Natural disaster * Flood and Landslide

Sampling Area of Flood and landslide

6 Watershed area in Uttaradit province

Forest cover changes in Watershed 1

Forest cover change= 7.42 Km2 (7.07%)

Forest cover changes in Watershed 2

Forest cover change = 1.66 Km2 (2.30%)

Forest cover changes in Watershed 3

Forest cover changes= 2.20 Km2 (1.50%)

Forest cover changes in Watershed 4

Forest cover changes= 11.34 Km2 (5.58%)

Forest cover changes in Watershed 5

Forest cover changes= 1.45 กม2 (2.79%)

Forest cover changes in Watershed 6

Forest cover changes= 0.76 Km2 (0.73%)

The result of Forest cover monitoring

Remark : Watershed 1 and 4 have been landslide and flood in 23 May 2006

GIS Analysi

s

Slope Classes

Forest cover changes with Slope classes

Cause to landslide and flood in this area

Compare of forest cover change in 6 watershed

7.07 % (7.42 Km2 ) 5.58 % (11.34 Km2)

2.79% (1.45 Km2 )

2.30% (1.66 Km2 ) 1.50 %(2.20 Km2 )

0.73 % (0.76 Km2)

Field survey at the second time of flood and landslide in this area occur in May,18, 2009 after it heavy rain at the night time of May,17, 2009 to the morning of May,18, 2009

Timber Logging

Early warning system

Distinguish into 4 land cover categories Forest cover changes Slope map Drainage pattern Village position Drainage buffer zone

Natural ForestNatural Forest

Reforestation AreaReforestation Area

Forest area with OrchardForest area with Orchard

It happened landslide only in orchard area

Forest area with Field CropForest area with Field Crop

1

2

3

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Early warning system

Conclusion

Satellite data is very useful for forest cover monitoring and land use classification in Thailand

Geographic Information System is suitable for database and data analysis

Global Positioning system is convenience for navigation and survey