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The System of Rice Intensificationin Jharkhand and Bihar
Bringing new perspectives to thesearch for household food security
_______
_____NEEDS
www.needsngo.in
SRI paddy cultivation, experiences, 2005 to 2007
A Presentation on
The shift: a glimpse
53 farm families harvesting rice for only 5-7 months consumption are now harvesting 14-18 months’ worth of rice from a single crop in the same piece of land
Food security level of over 1000 families has increased, and these families are now able to take risks in diversified livelihoods [so financial inclusion is taking place]
System of Rice Intensification
Jharkhand
District: Deoghar Block: Sarwa Coverage of
villages: 41
Bihar
District: Banka Block: Chandan Coverage of
villages: 16
System of Rice Intensification
Total coverage of farmers : 1030 Total coverage of area (hectares): 430 Maximum yield (ha) : 12.9 MT Minimum yield (Kg / ha) : 6.2 MT
Farmer’s name : Sh. Rajeshwar Village : Bichgarha Panchayat : Sarwa Area : 10 decimals (0.1 ha) Variety : MTU-7029Block : Sarwa District : Deoghar
System of Rice Intensification: A Case
Particulars: SRI
Date of sowing 12-07-2006
Date of transplanting 25-07-2006
Date of harvesting 10-11-2006
Number of weedings and hoeings 4
Maximum number of tillers/hill 108
Minimum number of tillers/hill 62
Average number of tillers / hill 81
Number of effective tillers / hill * 32, 39, 43, 46, 86*
Length of panicle (cm) * 15 to 23.7*
Number of grains / panicle * 173, 223, 269, 303, 305*
No. of plants / m3 * 11, 11, 12, 15, 15*
Grain yield (t/ha) (*samples) 12.9
SRI Traditional
Comparison of SRI and TraditionalPaddy Cultivation
Farmer’s name : Sh. Rajeshwar Village : Bichgarha Panchayat : Sarwa Area : 10 decimals (0.1 ha) Variety : MTU-7029Block : Sarwan District : Deoghar
Particulars SRI Traditional
Date of sowing 12-07-2006 02-07-2006
Area (dm) 10 10
Date of transplanting 25-07-2006 25-07-2006
Date of harvesting 10-11-2006 13-11-2006
Number of weedings and hoeings 4 0
Maximum number of tillers/hill 106 13
Minimum number of tillers/hill 62 4
Average number of tillers / hill 78 8
Number of effective tillers /hill* 32, 39, 43, 46, 81 4, 5, 8, 8, 11
Length of panicle (cm) * 15 to 23.7 8 to15.1
Number of grains / panicle* 173, 223, 269, 303, 305 104,143,167,170, 184
No. of plants / m3 * 12 to 15 38 to 43
Grain yield (t/ ha) (* samples) 9.25 3.45
Learning:
Boro rice cultivation was experimented first time in Jharkhand during summer 2007 on 7 acres area, the result was excellent; the yield recorded (11.9 MT/ha) was over 3 times of their normal yield
Medium and upper-medium lowlands are suitable for SRI cultivation. Lowlands, where water drainage is not quick, yield less
The water percolation /drainage rate in upper-medium lowlands in Jharkhand is high, hence farmers require some reserve water for drying and soaking
Learning: We registered a high yield, up to 12.9 MT per hectare,
because of high tillering; 109 tillers as a maximum against 18-20 tillers maximum in conventional practice
In the summer crop, we registered 11.9 MT yield as against 3.3 MT per hectare; the practice was conducted with 30 farmers in a cluster of 7 acres last summer
Weeding is a critical input required in SRI; the better the drying and soaking is practiced, the higher is the weeding required to get highest yield.
We introduced rotary weeder and cono-weeder to make weeding an easy intervention, which helped a lot. However, farmers are reluctant to practice as many as 5 weedings.
Learning:
Seed quality must be good as fewer seeds are used. However, HYV variety of seed may not required for SRI as local seeds have shown outstanding results in terms of both quantity and quality
It is important that we work on producing good quality local seeds through SRI methods so that control over seeds remains with farmers locally
This would ensure that marginalized farmers have assured access to good seeds. This would also have an impact on household food security
The critical areas of PoP:
Water management: alternatively drying and soaking the soil
Age and quality of seedlings for transplantation: two-leaf stage
4-5 weedings Potassium split-dose for stem borer
control
Challenge:
Soil nutrient management
Huge biomass production with SRI extracts maximum nutrients from the soil
Hence, green manuring is important
Challenges:
Weeding – timeliness and frequency; access to weeders
Water harvesting with paddy – to ensure reliable supply
We got good results from:
Pre-sowing green manure Cowpea and Cassia species Dhaincha
Post-harvest green manure Niger and Cosks comb can be a good post-
harvest green manure / rich in potash
Conclusion: SRI can be an answer to household food
security for marginalized farm households SRI cannot be a package but is a dynamic
practice, requiring regional variance per temperature, pest types, in terms of water management, etc.
States like Jharkhand require large-scale, area-based NGO interventions to influence Govt. institutions to bring more opportunities to marginalized communities
Nursery:
Single seedling ready for trans-planting
25 days after sowing
After 50 days
At the verge of maturing:
We express our gratitude to SDTT for their support in scaling up SRI in the state of
Jharkhand
Thank you
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