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A quick introduction to the CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme (GCP) -- its history, network, research organisation, outputs and challenges. GCP is a virtual network of partnerships working on modern crop breeding for food security
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GGIAR Generation Challenge Programme
(GCP)
Partnerships in modern crop breeding
for food security
November 2011
GCP in brief
Launched in August 2003
10-year framework (2004–2008; 2009–2013)
About US$15M annual budget
Via CGIAR (DFID, EC, SDC, USAID, CG Fund Council)
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Target areas: Harsh drought-prone environments
Africa (SSA), S & SE Asia, LA
Mandate crops Cereals: maize, rice, sorghum, wheat,
Legumes: beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, groundnuts
Root and tubers: cassava
A CGIAR Challenge Programme hosted at CIMMYT
Main objective: To use genetic diversity and advanced plant science to improve crops for greater food security in the developing world
GCP : A broker in plant science bridging the gap between upstream and applied science
www.generationcp.org
Partnerships
GCP network
Technology
Germplasm
Breeding
Needs
CGIAR
ARIs Products/Impact
Farmer’s field
Country
programmes
NGOs
Private
sector
Germplasm
Environments
The GCP network in 2010:
200+ Institutes
Private
sector
Partnerships
EPMR panel noted that GCP community is one of the
Programme’s crucial assets. In their words: “Perhaps the
most important value of GCP thus far, is the opportunities
it has provided for people of diverse backgrounds to think
collectively about solutions to complex problems, and, in
the process, to learn from one another.”
Linking upstream with applied science
The sorghum case: From Cornell to Moi University with a
stop in Brazil
Within a decade: Plantlet under hydroponics – Gene
cloned – Favourable alleles identified – Improved
germplasm for Brazil – Improved germplasm for Kenya
Evolution of roles and responsibilities
Leader become mentors
Trainees become doers and leaders
Major achievement: GCP community
Research Themes and Logframe
Databases, Information Network
Germplasm Genes Molecular breeding
Improved germplasm in farmers’ fields
Phenotyping Phenotyping
Breeding programmes
Improved genotypes
Delivery Plans
Research Organisation (Management)
1. Integrated crop breeding
Human resources & infrastructure
3. Crop information systems
2. Comparative and applied genomics
Products
4. Capacity building
5. Product delivery
The two phases of the Programme
Phase I (2004–2008):
A combination of commissioned and competitive projects
‘Opportunistic’ and high project turn over
Establishing the GCP community
Identifying the winners and opportunities for Phase II
Phase II (2009–2013):
Mid-term activities
Focused and targeted research
Major effort in service development
Clear impact indicators by 2013 to evaluate success
A needs and bottom-up approach: Research and services
2014: Transition year
Selected major outputs
Access to genetic resources
Genotyping for 21 reference sets of CGIAR mandate crops
Substitution lines (groundnuts, rice)
Mutant collections (rice, potatoes, beans)
Synthetics (groundnuts and wheat)
MAGIC (cowpeas, rice, sorghum) NAM (rice) BCNAM, (sorghum)
Development of genomic resources
BAC libraries and EST sequences (legumes, cassava)
New markers: DArTs, SSRs and SNPs (all crops)
Identification of markers for biotic stresses
Validated markers for resistance to pests and diseases for beans,
cassava, chickpeas, cowpeas, groundnuts, maize, potatoes and rice
Selected major outputs
Identification of markers for abiotic stresses
Tolerance to Al toxicity in sorghum and salinity and phosphorus
deficiency in rice
Drought tolerance in chickpeas, cowpeas, maize, rice, wheat
New tools
GIS, bioinformatic and data management tools
Marker tool kit
Enhanced capacities in country programmes
Human capacities / Local infrastructure / Analytical power
Socioeconomic studies
Ex ante analyses MB impact in developing countries
Impact briefs
Basis: RIs are crop-, crop cluster-, and area-based
Key trait: Main focus of all the RIs is drought tolerance
Target crops/area and target countries/countries of planned research
1. Cassava: Nigeria, Ghana, Tanzania, Uganda/Brazil, Colombia
2. Legumes
Beans: Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mexico, Nicaragua, Zimbabwe
Chickpeas: Ethiopia, India, Kenya
Cowpeas: Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Senegal/USA
Groundnuts: Malawi, Senegal, Tanzania
3. Maize: China, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Thailand, The Philippines, Vietnam
4. Rice: Africa – Burkina Faso, Mali, Nigeria; Asia – Bangladesh, Cambodia,
Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar
5. Sorghum: Mali (additional countries via CoP to be established)/Australia
6. Wheat: Africa – Ethiopia, Morocco; Asia – China, India/Australia
7. Comparative genomics to improve cereal yields in high-aluminium and low-
phosphorus soils (maize, rice, sorghum): Indonesia, Kenya, Niger/Brazil
The 7 Research Initiatives:
50% of GCP resources to RIs in Phase II
An Integrated Breeding Platform
to support reeding in the South
Overall objective To provide access to modern breeding technologies, breeding material and related information in a centralised and functional manner to improve plant breeding efficiency in developing countries.
Short-term objective To establish a minimum set of tools, data management infrastructure and services to demonstrate that molecular breeding can be efficiently applied to eight crops spread across 14 user cases
Multilateral funding for an overall budget
of US$ 20M over 5 years
Mainly Gates, DFID, EC
www.integratedbreeding.net
The IB Platform will offer:
Access to Breeding Services: • well characterised and useful genetic resources • quality, economic high throughput genotyping • sophisticated phenotype and metabolite analyses
Access to Informatics Tools: • for breeding logistics and data management • analysis and decision support for molecular breeding • accumulated public crop information of certified quality
Capacity Development - Training and support for: • planning and comparing breeding strategies • data management and curation and quality control • analysis and decision support • use of markers and molecular breeding techniques • phenotyping sites and protocols • use and protection of intellectual property
Community development • support for communities of practice by crop or discipline • facilitation of germplasm exchange
The IBP will not do breeding per se
Integrated Breeding Platform
Breeding
Services
Support
Services S
erv
ices
Configurable Breeding Workflow System
Cyber Infrastructure
Custom
Formatted
Data
Files
Local
Database
Web Service
Data Source
High
Performance
Computer
Info
rmation S
yste
m
Po
rta
l
SoapLab MOBY, GDPC,
BioCase/TAPIR
Data Sources
AA
The IBP Configurable Breeding Workflow System
Breeding Activities
Parental selection
Crossing
Population
development
Germplasm
Management
Open Project
Specify objectives
Identify team
Data resources
Define strategy
Project
Planning
Experimental Design
Fieldbook production
Data collection
Data loading
Germplasm
Evaluation
Marker selection
Fingerprinting
Genotyping
Data loading
Molecular
Analysis
Quality Assurance
Trait analysis
Genetic Analysis
QTL Analysis
Index Analysis
Data
Analysis
Selected lines
Recombines
Recombination
plans
Breeding
Decisions
Administration
Project conf.
Workbench
administration
&
configuration
Breeding
Management
System
Trial Fieldbook
Environment
characterization
system
Field Trial
Management
System
Genotypic
Data
Management
System
Sample
management
Analytical
Tools
Sel. Indices
Breeding App.
MARS App.
Cross Prediction
Simulation
Decision
Support Tools
Breeding Applications Analytical Pipeline
Breeding mana.
Genealogy mana.
Query tools
Sample mana.
Data management
Statistical analysis
Molecular Genetic
Conclusion and Perspectives
Major Challenges Today
M&E: Implement realistic workplans Clear milestones, products and timelines
Reliable Delivery Plans with clear impact indicators
Ensure delivery and sustainable use of GCP products
Product delivery strategy
Reinforce ownership by the GCP community
Partnership Balance community momentum and a focused research agenda
Data release and quality control Difficult to finish the work (time, resources)
Still not a lot of data in our Central Registry today
Quality and documentation are very variable
Change in mindset: from institutional to corporate
Conclusions
A vibrant community bridging the gap between basic and
applied agricultural science providing new tools for plant
breeding
Agile programme structure
Dynamic network of partners
Significant amount of products already been generated
Already an impact in the breeding community
Visit us: www.generationcp.org
The success of the GCP will be judged on the
quality of the science and relevance of its
products for impact on crop improvement
GCP people:
The Programme’s greatest asset!
Participants of the GCP General Research Meeting, September 2011
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