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These are the slides from the presentation on Blood Flow Restriction Training at the Sports Therapy Organisation National Conference. The information was delivered to an audience of sports therapists. However, it is applicable to all professionals working in health, fitness and sports performance.
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STO Conference 2014
Tim Egerton
Blood Flow Restriction Training
Blood Flow Restriction Training
Performance Benefits
Working through injury
Rehabilitation
Blood Flow Restriction Training
Blood Flow Restriction Training
• Mechanisms Underpinning Adaptations
• Training Applications– Performance Programmes
– Rehabilitation Programmes
Blood Flow Restriction Training
– Blood Flow Restriction
– Occlusion
– Kaatsu
• Based on vascular occlusion (achieved through compression of the vasculature proximal to the working muscle)
Blood Flow Restriction Training
Blood Flow Restriction Training
Blood Flow Restriction Training
Typical Protocols & Variables
• 3-4 sets, 15 repetitions (30 seconds recovery)– @20% 1RM approx
• Intermittent vs. continuous occlusion
• Pressure cuff vs. knee wraps– 200mmHg or 70% tightness
Arbitrary Pressure Values
Cuff Width
Elasticated Knee Wraps
Originally developed for use in elderly populations and in rehabilitation
Strength and Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy
Mechanical Tension
Metabolic Stress
Skeletal Muscle Damage
Conclusion: Appears result in minimal muscle damage
Injured Athlete
Injured Athlete
Injury recurrence
Injured Athlete
Injury recurrence
Underlying Dysfunction
Disuse / Atrophy
Conclusion: Restoring a normal strength profile decreases muscle injury incidence
Strength and Hypertrophy Paradox
Strength & Hypertrophy
Key to successful rehabilitation
Strength and Hypertrophic Adaptation
Requires loading Injured Structures
Cannot tolerate loading
Attractive Rehabilitation Tool
But What are the Risks?
Safety concerns: Very prolonged ischemia can lead to necrosis of muscle tissueBlood pooling in extremities could lead to thrombus formation
Pre-Training Screening Questionnaire
• Do you have a personal or family history of clotting disorders (e.g. SLE (lupus), haemophilia, high platelets)?
• Do you have a past history of DVT or pulmonary embolus? • Do you smoke? • Are you on any medication including the contraceptive pill? • Do you have a history of injury to your arteries or veins? • Do you have a history of injury to any of your nerves (including
back or neck injury)? • Do you have diabetes? Does anyone in your family have diabetes? • Does your current or previous training include resistance training? • Do you have any history of high blood pressure?
Rehab Rationale
Standard Protocol
Safety Considerations
Specific Example
Achilles Tendon Treatment
Achilles Rehabilitation
Conclusion: Strong evidence in support of Alfredson Protocol
Conclusion: Full range of motion eccentric exercises show low patient satisfaction compared to floor level exercises
Conclusion: Association between Achilles tendinopathy and tendon stiffness. With lower stiffness observed in tendons affected by tendinopathy.
Performance Benefits
Rehabilitation Tool
Injury Treatment
Tool
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