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In 1931 Alfred Butts translated his lifelong love of crossword puzzles into a board game. A key to the game was Butts' analysis of the English language. Butts studied the front page of The New York Times to calculate how frequently each letter of the alphabet was used. He then used each letter's frequency to determine how many of each letter he would include in the game. He included only four "S" tiles so that the ability to make words plural would not make the game too easy.
HISTORY OF SCRABBLE
HISTORY OF SCRABBLE
Butts initially called the game "Lexiko", but later changed the name to "Criss Cross Words", after considering "It", and began to look for a buyer. The game makers he originally contacted rejected the idea, but Butts was tenacious. Eventually, he sold the rights to entrepreneur and game-lover James Brunot, who made a few minor adjustments to the design and renamed the game "Scrabble", a word meaning "to grope frantically" (from the Dutch "Schrabben", to scrape or scratch)
The Official
Scrabble Board Design
Key:2×LS = Double letter score3×LS= Triple letter score2×WS / ★ = Double word score3×WS = Triple word score
Scrabble Board is composed of 225 squares and 100 tiles. It can
be played by two or more person.
POINTS PER LETTER
BEFORE THE GAME
Player’s Turns. Put all letter tiles into the tile
bag or any suitable container.
Draw for the first play. The player
drawing the letter nearest the
beginning of the alphabet plays
first. A blank supersedes all other
tiles. Return the tiles into the bag
and reshuffle. Each player draws 7
tiles and places them on his/her
track. Turn of players follow
clockwise.
Word Judge. To decide word challenges, a
word judge is elected by the players
who may be one of them. He or she
may also act as the scorekeeper
who keeps a tally of each player’s
score, entering it after each turn.
BEFORE THE GAME
BEFORE THE GAME
Dictionary. Before the game begins,
the players must first agree
on the dictionary to be used
in settling challenges on
what words to allow or not
to allow.
PLAYING THE GAME
Start of Play. The first player forms a word
with two or more of his/her
letters and positions it on the
board to read across or down with
one letter on the center (MB) square.
Placing a word diagonally on the board
is not allowed.
PLAYING THE GAME
Completing a Turn. A player
completes a turn by
counting and
announcing the score for the
turn. The player then draws as
many letter tiles as played,
thus, always keeping 7
letters on his/her track.
PLAYING THE GAME
Subsequent Turns. Play proceeds to
the left. The second player,
and then each in turn, adds
one or more letters to
those already played to
form new words. All letters
played on a turn must be
placed in one row across or
down the board to form
one complete word.
PLAYING THE GAME
Forming New Words.New words may be formed by:
-Adding one or more letters to a word or letters already on the board.
- placing a word at right angles to word already on the board. The new word must use one of the letters already on the board or add a letter to it.
- placing a complete word parallel to a word already played so that adjacent letters also form complete words.
PLAYING THE GAME
Blank Tiles. The two blank tiles
may be used as any
letters. When playing a
blank, the player must
state which letter it represents.
It remains that latter for
the rest of the game.
PLAYING THE GAME
Replacing Tiles. Any player may use his or her
turn to replace any or all of the tiles
in his/her rack, discarding them face
down, drawing the same number of
new tiles from the bag, and mixing
the discarding tiles with those
remaining in the bag. Replacing tiles
is considered a turn and the score is
zero.
PLAYING THE GAME
Passing. A player may voluntarily miss a turn.
Instead of placing tiles on the board or
replacing tiles, a player may also
decide to pass whether or not he/she I
s able to make a word or words.
Passing a turn scores zero.
PLAYING THE GAME
Challenge. Any word may be a challenged before
the next player starts a turn. If the word
challenged is unacceptable, the
challenged player takes back his/her letter tiles,
loses that turn and scores zero. If the word
challenged is acceptable, the score is
entered and the game continues with no
penalty to the challenger.
Turn Score. The score of each turn is the sum of
the letter values in each word formed or
modified on that turn plus the additional
points obtained from placing letters on premium
squares. The score value of each letter is
indicated by the number at the bottom of the
tile. The score value of a blank is zero.
SCORING THE GAME
SCORING THE GAME
Premium Letter Squares. The premium letter
square “DOUBLE LETTER SCORE”
doubles the value of the letter placed on
it, and “TRIPLE LETTER SCORE” triples the
value of the letter placed on it.
SCORING THE GAME
Premium Word Squares. The premium square “DOUBLE WORD SCORE”
doubles the score of the word when one of the letters is placed
on it, and “TRIPLE WORD SCORE” triples the score of the word
when one of its letters is placed on it. Count LETTER premiums if
any, before doubling or tripling the WORD score. If a word is
formed that covers TWO double word squares, the score is
doubled then redoubled (4 times word score). If a word is
formed that covers TWO triple word squares, the score is triple then
retripled (9 times word score).
SCORING THE GAME
Pearly Twins. The two blanks by
themselves have no score value
but when a blank is played on a
premium word square, the value of
the word is doubled or tripled as
indicated.
SCORING THE GAME
Multiple Score. When two or
more words are formed in
the same play, each is
scored. The common letter
is counted with full
premium value, if any, for each
word.
SCORING THE GAME
Bingo Score. Any player who plays 7
tiles on a turn, scores a
bonus of 50 points added to
the total of his/her score for
the turn.
-The game ends when all the tiles have been drawn and one of the players has used all the tiles in his/her rack. The game also ends when all possible plays have been made or all players have passed twice in a consecutive turns.
ENDING THE GAME
-At game’s end, each player’s score is reduced by the sum of his/her rack unplayed letters. In addition, if a player used all tiles on his/her rack, the sum of the other players’ unplayed letters is added to that player’s score.
ENDING THE GAME
-The player with the highest final score WINS the game. Players who tie for the highest final score shall equally be considered as winners (DRAW).
ENDING THE GAME
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