OSHA, ANSI Design Criteria for Access Roof Ladders

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Applicable Codes andCode Provisions

Fixed Vertical Ladders

Applicable Codes for Fixed Ladders

0 OSHA-Occupational Safety & Health Admin.

0 ANSI-American National Standards Institute

0 OSHA and ANSI code are similar. The more stringent code element in each is used as a guideline in this presentation.

0 National codes0 OSHA 1910.27

0www.OSHA.gov

0 ANSI A14.30www.ANSI.org

0 Websites offer easy code reference

Note: Some states may have special code requirements

Current OSHA and ANSI Code Covers

Fixed Vertical Ladders Only

Ladder Security Doors and Security Gates

Ladder Extensions at Walk Thru Exit

0 24” clear opening0 Standard true for caged ladders

0 Exit Straight through = 42” side rail extension is required

Step Across Distance

0 Distance from the top tread to a weight bearing surface:0 OSHA = 2-1/2” to 12” 0 ANSI = 7” to 12”

0 Platforms are required to gap larger step across distances

Ladder Extensions at Side Exit

0 Side Exit = Overshoot

0 Overshoot = at least 48” above the top tread 0 Rungs are NOT omitted 0 Standard true for caged ladders

Areas of Angle

0 Ladders may not have angles greater than 90°

0 Preferred pitch – 76° to 90°0 Substandard pitch (inclined, ships

ladder) – 60° to 75°

0 Live Load per Rung Requirements0250 lbs. (ANSI)0200 lbs. (OSHA)

0 Note: Industry standard is +/- 1000 pounds

Rungs, Cleats or Treads

Rungs, Cleats or Treads0 Requirement = burr free power grip surface

0 Any shape is accepted0 ¾” minimum cross section standard 0 1” minimum in high corrosion areas 0 Anti-slip texture preferred

Rungs, Cleats or Treads

0 First rung level with exit point at top of ladder

0 Rungs descend in 12” increments 0 Spacing must be equal0 Bottom rung must be within 14” of

ground

Rungs, Cleats or Treads

0 12” maximum vertical tread spacing0 Uniform spacing throughout climb0 ANSI states bottom rung 14”

maximum above ground 12” MAX

14” MAX

14” MAX

12” MAX

Clearances (Clear Width of Tread)

16”MIN 16” min

0 16” minimum between side rails

Clear Space Behind Ladder

0 7” minimum clear space behind ladder 0 Exceptions for unavoidable obstructions are rarely granted.

7”MIN

7” min

Climber Clearance

15”MIN

15“ min 15” min

0 15” Clear width left and right0 Except when cage required

Climber Clearance0 Minimum 30” clearance0 Minimum 36” at a 76° pitch0 All others proportional distance determined

by slope

2’ 6”min

Safety Cages (OSHA)

0 Cages provided on ladders more than 20’

0 Recommended on shorter ladders in dangerous locations

0 Cages extend past exit point0 Cages start between 7’ and 8’ above

ground0 Cage sizes and shapes set by code

Safety Cages (ANSI)

0 Cages provided on ladders more than 24’0 Recommended on shorter ladders in

dangerous locations0 Cages extend past exit point0 Cages start between 7’ and 8’ above

ground0 Cage sizes and shapes are set by code

Landing Platforms0 Landings provided for each 30’ of height except where no

cage, well, or ladder safety device is provided 0 Rest platforms offset at each level0 Rest platforms have handrails and toe boards on all

exposed sides0 Landing minimum 48” length and 30” width0 Ladder accessing landing have rung level with platform

Access Ladders: OSHA, ANSI, and IBC Design Criteria and Applications

4188 East Andrew Johnson HighwayMorristown, TN 37814

800-225-7814education@precisionladders.com

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