THE PLANET JUPITER

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= It is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet in the Solar System.= Called the Lord of Heavens.= It is a gas giant with mass one-thousandth that of the Sun but is two and a half times the mass of all the other planets in the Solar System combined.

How large is Jupiter compared to Earth?

Jupiter has a diameter of about 88,695 miles (142,800 kilometers) which is more than 11 times the diameter of Earth. It's volume is over 1,300 times the volume of Earth. This means that Jupiter is so big that over 1,000 Earths could fit inside of it. Jupiter is so big that it weighs two and a half times the weight of all of the other eight planets put together!

The Earth could fit inside Jupiter over 1000 times.

There is no single person who is credited with the discovery of Jupiter. Jupiter is one of the five planets that can be seen in the night sky without using a telescope or binoculars. Galileo was the first to observe Jupiter with a telescope, as Jupiter can be seen with the naked eye, the ancients probably the ones who discovered it. Jupiter can be seen from planet earth, so it is hard to tell who actually saw it first! We will never know when Jupiter was discovered.

Structure of Jupiter

Jupiter is composed primarily

of gaseous and liquid matter. It is the

largest of four gas giants as well as

the largest planet in the Solar System

with a Diameter of 142,984 km at

its equator.

Thus, the atmosphere is approximately 75% hydrogen and 24% helium by mass, with the

remaining one percent of the mass consisting of other elements. The interior contains denser materials such that the

distribution is roughly 71% hydrogen, 24% helium and 5% other elements by mass. The atmosphere contains trace amounts

of methane, water vapor, ammonia, and silicon-based compounds. There are also

traces of carbon, ethane, hydrogen sulfide, neon, oxygen, phosphine, and sulfur

Composition of Jupiter

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Mass of Jupiter

Jupiter's mass is 2.5 times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined—this is so massive that its barycenter with the Sun lies above the Sun's surface at 1.068 solar radii from the Sun's center.

Jupiter's volume is that of about 1,321 Earths, yet the planet is only 318 times as massive. Jupiter's radius is about 1/10 the radius of the Sun, and its mass is 0.001 times the mass of the Sun, so the density of the two bodies is similar.

What are the stripes of color on Jupiter?

The stripes of color on Jupiter are its bands. There are two types of bands on Jupiter. The light colored

bands are called Zones. These are regions where gas in Jupiter's atmosphere is rising upwards.

The dark bands are called Belts. These are regions where the gas in Jupiter's atmosphere is sinking downwards.

The gravity on Jupiter is greater than the gravity on Earth because Jupiter is more massive. Although Jupiter is a great deal larger in size, its surface gravity is just 2.4 times that of the surface gravity of Earth. This is because Jupiter is mostly made up of gases. If you weigh 100 pounds on Earth, you would weigh 214 pounds on Jupiter.

How strong is the gravity on

Jupiter?

Moons of Jupiter

Moons of Jupiter

The planet Jupiter has 67 confirmed moons. This gives it the largest retinue of moons with "reasonably secure" orbits of any planet in the Solar System. The most massive of them, the four Galilean moons.

Galilean MoonsIt was Galileo Galilei who discovered the Jupiter’s four largest moon in 1610 that we called the Galilean Moons and were the first objects found to orbit a body that was neither Earth nor the Sun, and these four moons that mostly seen are Io, Europa, Callisto, and ganymede.

Io

Europa

Callisto

Ganymede

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Io Europa Ganymede Callisto? ? ? ?

Orbit and Rotation of Jupiter

The axial tilt of Jupiter is relatively small: only 3.13°. As a result this planet does not experience significant seasonal changes, in contrast to Earth and Mars for example.

Jupiter's rotation is the fastest of all the Solar System's planets, completing a rotation on its axis in slightly less than ten hours; this creates an equatorial bulge easily seen through an Earth-based amateur telescope. The planet is shaped as an oblate spheroid, meaning that the diameter across its equator is longer than the diameter measured between its poles. On Jupiter, the equatorial diameter is 9275 km longer than the diameter measured through the poles.

Since Jupiter is a gas planet, it does not rotate as a solid sphere. Jupiter's equator rotates a bit faster than its polar regions at a speed of 28,273 miles/hour.

For this reason, its middle has been stretched out. Rather than round it is short and fat. Kind of like when someone spins pizza dough really fast to stretch it out.

The Great Red Spot of Jupiter!

Jupiter's Great Red Spot is a huge, long-lasting storm in the atmosphere of the Southern Hemisphere of Jupiter. It is an anti-cyclonic (high pressure) storm, much like a gargantuan hurricane. Its color is actually pink to orange.

Robert Hooke was the popular scientist who discovered the “Great Red Spot of Jupiter” in 1664.

The Rings of JupiterThe planet Jupiter has a system of rings, known as the rings of Jupiter or the Jovian ring system. It was the third ring system to be discovered in the Solar System, after those of Saturn and Uranus. It was first observed in 1979 by the Voyager 1 space probe and thoroughly investigated in the 1990s by the Galileo orbiter.

HALO

MAIN RING

GOSSAMER RING

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Flyby missionsSpacecraft Closest approach Distance

Pioneer 10 December 3, 1973 130,000 km

Pioneer 11 December 4, 1974 34,000 km

Voyager 1 March 5, 1979 349,000 km

Voyager 2 July 9, 1979 570,000 km

Ulysses February 8, 1992 408,894 kmFebruary 4, 2004 120,000,000 km

Cassini December 30, 2000 10,000,000 km

New Horizons February 28, 2007 2,304,535 km

Scientists believe that Jupiter's gravitational field is pushing comets and asteroids which are approaching the Earth away from the inner planets, diverting them to the outer planets and thus averting possible catastrophe. Basically, three types of objects, namely, Main belt asteroids, Kuiper belt comets and Oort cloud comets pose a threat to both Jupiter and the Earth. Of these, the Main belt asteroids follow an orbit which is between that of Mars and Jupiter. Kuiper belt comets are found to follow a path which is close to the orbit of the Neptune. Long term comets are known as Oort cloud comets.

Jan Phillip GamponiaJolina Mae Valdez

Lady Erika FernandezRonnrick Manuel

Roxanne Hangdaan