Dark matter and dark energy (1)

By: Alejandro Cano, Dani Martínez, Sergio Núñez &

Carmen Barbero

• Gravity has an important role in this theme

• As you all know, gravity is the force of attraction that we feel when we are near of an astronomical object

• This was described by Sir. Isaac Newton in the Laws of Universal Gravitation

• It does not interact with electromagnetic spectrum.

• It is not visible but the amount of it in the universe is much bigger than the amount of matter that is visible

• Matter visible are planets, stars, galaxies..• The only explanation for its existance is the

gravitational pull.

• Appreciated in spiral galaxies

• Stars at the center should rotate at a higher speed than the ones outside

• The speed is mostly the same

• As a conclusion the ones outside are feeling a gravitational pull.

Gravitational Pull

• If we look to one of this we can see that there is 10 times more mass than the one we can account for

• Coma Galaxy Cluster is one example

• In this clusters we can see that it always remains the same but galaxies move at high speed

Galaxy Clusters

• Mass• Orbital speed

• Coma Cluster

• GALAXY-GALAXY CLUSTER-OBSERVER

• Einstein´s ring

• Opposite effect:Negative pressure; repulsion of matter.

Expectation: slowing down, GRAVITY WINS!

Expectation: slowing down, GRAVITY WINS!

Space´s expansion is accelerating

Galaxies!

• Euclid space mission:Euclid space mission: measure the expanding universe’s acceleration.

• Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope:Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope: gamma-ray observations from low Earth orbit.

• Large Hadron Collider (LHC):Large Hadron Collider (LHC): it might produce dark matter particles. It’s only evidence would be its missing energy.

• CDMS (Cryogenic Dark Matter Search): CDMS (Cryogenic Dark Matter Search): detect particle dark matter in the form of WIMPs (weakly interactive massive particles).