Anemia and drug use for the treatment of Anemia

DRUGS USE TO TREAT ANEMIAPrepared by:Dr Touseef (BUMDC)

Hematopoiesis

Usual Criteria of Hb in ANEMIA

> 11.5 G/dl in women

> 14 G/dl in men

Signs and Symptoms:Patients with a Hb less than 7G/dl will have appear following symptoms ;

Tissue hypoxia

Fatigue

Headache

Dyspnea

Pallor

Angina

Tachycardia

Visual impairment

Syncope

Lymphadenopathy

Hepatic and or splenic enlargement

Bone tenderness

Blood loss in feces

Neurologic symptoms.

Classification of anemia:

1. Anemia associated with decrease RBC production Iron deficiency anemia, Megaloblastic anemia Thalassemia Anemia due to chronic disease and renal failure.2. Anemia due to increased RBC destruction: Haemolytic anemia sickle cell anemia

Iron:

IRON REQUIREMENT

CAUSES OF IRON DEFECIENCY ANEMIA

Treatment of iron deficiency Anemia

Indication for the use of iron

Iron Toxicity

Deferasirox– an oral iron chelator approved for treatment of iron

overload

2- Coblamine vit B12

Pharmacokinetics:

• Source: Meat (liver), eggs, & dairy products.• coblamine is absorbed from the GIT in the presence of intrinsic

factor, a product of the parietal cells of the stomach. • Plasma transport is accomplished by binding to transcobalamin II. • Coblamine is stored in the liver in large amounts; a normal

individual has enough to last 5 years.

It is available in 2 forms

1. cyanocobalamine

2. hydroxy cobalamine has a longer circulating half life.

•Deficiency leads to anemia, gastrointestinal symptoms, andneurologic abnormalities.•Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin•methylcobalamin•Cyanocobalamin•hydroxocobalamin•Source of vitamin BI2

• meat (especially liver), eggs, and dairyproducts.•Vitamin B12 is sometimes called extrinsic factor

active forms of the vitamin in humans

found in food sources are converted to the active forms

PHHARMACOKINETIC

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Uses:1- Pernicious Anemia :

(defective secretion of intrinsic factor by the

gastric mucosal cells)

2- Neurologic abnormalities:

3- Gastrectomy

4- Cyanide poisoning.

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Why folic acid give with vitB12

Folic acid

Erythropoietin