2-1 The Nature of Matter

Biology

Unit 1: The Nature of LifeChapter 2: Chemistry of Life

2-1: The Nature of Matter 2-2: Properties of Water 2-3: Carbon Compounds 2-4: Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

Ms. PetrucciBiology

Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life• Vocabulary• 2-1

◦ Atom◦ Nucleus◦ Electron◦ Element◦ Isotopes◦ Compound◦ Ionic Bond◦ Ions◦ Covalent Bond◦ Molecule◦ Van der Waals forces

• 2-2◦ Cohesion◦ Adhesion◦ Mixture◦ Solution◦ Solute◦ Solvent◦ Suspension◦ pH Scale◦ Acid◦ Base◦ Buffer

• 2-3o Monomero Polymero Carbohydrateo Monosaccharideo Polysaccharideo Lipido Nucleic Acido Nucleotideo Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)o Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)o Proteino Amino acid

• 2-4o Chemical Reactiono Reactanto Producto Activation Energyo Catalysto Enzymeo Substrate

Tell me as much as you can about the following equation:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 CO2 + H2O

2-1 The Nature of MatterWhy should we study chemistry in Biology?

Wouldn’t you want an architect to understand building materials? Same idea applies to geneticists, ecologists, zoologists, botanists, biologists, and etc.

Matter

Cells are made of MatterMatter is anything

composed of atoms

◦Takes up space◦Has mass

AtomsThe study of chemistry begins

with the basic unit of matter…the atom

Democritus first used word “atomos”, meaning indivisible

Atomic Structure

Elements and Isotopes

Isotopes

Isotope Identification

Radioactive IsotopesNuclei are

unstable and break down.

Do radioactive

isotopes have a

purpose?

CompoundsTwo or more atoms are bonded

togetherChemical bondMoleculeChemical Formula

H2O• Physical & Chemical Properties

very different from the the elements from which they are formed.

Hydrogen & Oxygen are gasses but combine to form liquid water

Chemical BondsIonic BondsCovalent BondsHydrogen BondsVan Der Waals forces

Three Types of BondsIonic

Covalent

Hydrogen

Bonding InteractiveLet's Bond