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YOUR AUDIENCE HAS FEELINGS TOOPathos and the “Appeal to Emotion”
ARISTOTLE’S RHETORIC
•Ethos – credibility•Logos – logic•Pathos – emotion
ETHOS
LOGOS
PATHOS
truthiness/ˈtruːθɪnəs/
The quality of seeming or being
felt to be true, even if not necessarily
true.
PATHOS AND THE “APPEAL TO
EMOTION”: AN ARISTOTELIAN
ANALYSISAlan BrintonHistory of Philosophy Quarterly
Vol. 5, No. 3 (Jul., 1988), pp. 207-219
1. EVOCATION2. APPROPRIATENESS3. ACTION
EVOCATION
EVOCATIONWhat we should feel
•Tell a story•Arouse empathy•Establish relevant grounds for emotion
APPROPRIATENESS
APPROPRIATENESSProportion and direction
•Present evidence•Amplify /depreciate certain ideas•Focus our attention
ACTION
Emotions are the reasons for action, not just the causes of action.
ACTIONWhat we should do about it
•Call on justified emotion•Propose reasonable action•The right thing, at the right time, in the right way
1. EVOCATIONEstablish relevant grounds for emotion
2. APPROPRIATENESSFocus our attention
3. ACTIONThe right thing, at the right time, in the right way
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