Illegal sand mining ppt

PRESENTED BY

SNEHAL THOMAS

ROLL NO.1300

ILLEGAL RIVER SAND MINING

SAND MINING

• SAND MINING IS A PRACTICE THAT IS USED TO EXTRACT SAND.

• SAND IS MINED FROM BEACHES, AND FROM OCEAN BEDS AND RIVER BEDS.

• IT IS OFTEN USED IN MANUFACTURING CEMENT , CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES ETC..

WHAT ARE ILLEGAL SAND MINING ACTIVITIES?

• ILLEGAL MINING HAS BEEN GOING ON AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS IN INDIA TODAY.

• THE CONTRACTORS FORCEFULLY SEIZE THE SAND AND AUCTION IT AT TWO TO FIVE TIMES THE GOVERNMENT RATE. THESE PEOPLE ARE CALLED AS SAND MAFIAS.

• EVEN WHEN THE SAND IS NOT AUCTIONED TO THEM, THEY LIFT IT AND SELL IT FOR HUGE PROFITS.

INSTREAM AND FLOODPLAIN

UNREGULATED RIVER SAND MINING

CAUSES FOR• LOWERING THE RIVER BED • SEA WATER INTRUSION THROUGH THE RIVER • DECREASING THE WATER QUALITY (SALINISATION OF WATER)• POOR QUALITY DRINKING WATER AND IRRIGATION WATER• DAMAGES TO INFRASTUCTURE• RIVER BANK EROSION• THREATS TO FLORA AND FAUNA

UNREGULATED RIVER SAND MINING

RESULT IN • HEALTH PROBLEMS • LOW FOOD PRODUCTION • LOSS OF CULTIVABLE LAND • CONFLICTS AMONG AFFECTED COMMUNITY AND SAND

MAFIA• SHIFTING WATER INTAKE TO UPSTREAM• FLOOD DİSASTER• THREATS TO LIVELIHOOD • LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY

View of foundation scouring at

a bridge pier

Water supply intake affected by lowering the river bed

SUGGESTIONS

• AN INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, MANAGEMENT, AND MONITORING PROGRAMME SHOULD BE A PART OF ANY SAND EXTRACTION OPERATION, AND ENCOURAGED AT NATIONAL, REGIONAL,DISTRICT, AND LOCAL LEVELS.

• THE DISTRICT ASSEMBLY AND/OR MUNICIPALITY SHOULD ENSURE FORMULATION, MONITORING AND ENFORCEMENT OF BYELAWS WHICH MAY INVOLVE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF RECLAMATION PLANS AND BONDS.

• SENSITISATION AND AWARENESS AMONG PEOPLE

• GOVERNMENT SHOULD IMPLEMENT STRICT LAWS