Crimea crisis

CRIMEA CRISISLIMITED INTERVENTION BY RUSSIA MILITARY IN UKRAINE

SOVEREIGNTY

GROUP MEMBERS

• MUBASHIRA

• NAIMA YOUSAF

• AHMED SHAH

• GHAZI GILANI

• YASIR DIL

BACKGROUND• UKRAINE • WAS BECOME INDEPENDENT 1991

• • IS A UNITARY STATE COMPOSED OF 24 OBLASTS (PROVINCES), ONE AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC (CRIMEA), AND TWO CITIES WITH SPECIAL STATUS: KIEV, ITS CAPITAL AND LARGEST CITY, AND SEVASTOPOL, WHICH HOUSES THE RUSSIAN BLACK SEA FLEET UNDER A LEASING AGREEMENT.

• • IS A REPUBLIC UNDER A SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM WITH SEPARATE LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, AND JUDICIAL BRANCHES.

• • IS HOME TO 46 MILLION PEOPLE.

• • UKRAINIAN IS THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF UKRAINE.

• • RUSSIAN IS ALSO WIDELY SPOKEN.

INTRODUCTION

• THE CRIMEAN CRISIS IS AN INTERNATIONAL CRISIS PRINCIPALLY INVOLVING RUSSIA AND UKRAINE OVER THE CONTROL OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA, WHICH UNTIL FEBRUARY 2014 WAS ADMINISTERED BY UKRAINE.

• CURRENTLY, THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA IS CONTROLLED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, A STATUS WHICH IS NOT RECOGNIZED BY THE UNITED NATIONS.

WHAT DID PROTESTERS SEEK FROM THEIR GOVERNMENT?• OPPOSITION TO THE EUROMAIDAN MOVEMENT

• THE OPPOSITION TOOK CONTROL OF THE CAPITAL CITY KIEV AND THE GOVERNMENT DISTRICT; SOON AFTER PRESIDENT YANUKOVYCH FLED KIEV AND THE (UKRAINIAN PARLIAMENT) VOTED TO RESTORE THE 2004 VERSION OF THE CONSTITUTION OF UKRAINE AND REMOVE YANUKOVYCH FROM POWER.

• PRESIDENT YANUKOVYCH REFUSED TO RESIGN AND POLITICIANS FROM UKRAINE'S EAST AND SOUTH REGIONS, INCLUDING CRIMEA, DECLARED CONTINUING LOYALTY TO YANUKOVYCH.

EUROMAIDAN MOMENT • CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: A LARGE EU FLAG IS WAVED ACROSS MAIDAN ON 27 NOVEMBER

2013, OPPOSITION ACTIVIST POPULAR SINGER RUSLANA ADDRESSES THE CROWDS ON MAIDAN ON 29 NOVEMBER 2013, PRO EU RALLY ON MAIDAN, EUROMAIDAN ON EUROPEAN SQUARE ON 1 DECEMBER, TREE DECORATED WITH FLAGS AND POSTERS, CROWDS DIRECT HOSE AT MILITSIYA, PLINTH OF THE TOPPLED LENIN STATUE .

• EUROMAIDAN ("EUROSQUARE") WAS A WAVE OF DEMONSTRATIONS AND CIVIL UNREST IN UKRAINE, WHICH BEGAN ON THE NIGHT OF 21 NOVEMBER 2013 WITH PUBLIC PROTESTS IN ("INDEPENDENCE SQUARE" IN KIEV) DEMANDING CLOSER EUROPEAN INTEGRATION.

• THE PROTEST HAD BEEN FUELLED BY THE PERCEPTION OF WIDESPREAD GOVERNMENT CORRUPTION ABUSE OF POWER AND VIOLATION HUMAN RIGHTS IN UKRAINE.

• PROTESTS ERUPTED IN THE CAPITAL, KIEV, AFTER THE UKRAINIAN GOVERNMENT SUSPENDED PREPARATIONS FOR SIGNING AN ASSOCIATION AGREEMENT AND A FREE TRADE AGREEMENT WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION, TO SEEK CLOSER ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA.

• PRESIDENT HAD ASKED FOR 20 BILLION EUROS (US$27) BILLION IN LOANS AND AID.

• THE EU AND RUSSIA BOTH OFFERED UKRAINE THE POSSIBILITY OF SUBSTANTIAL LOANS.

• RUSSIA ALSO OFFERED UKRAINE CHEAPER GAS PRICES.

DEMAND OF CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE

• CONSTITUTION OF UKRAINE CHAPTER V:

• PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE ARTICLE 106 THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE:

• THIS ARTICLE ARE DEFINED 31 RIGHTS THAT IS ENJOYED BY THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE.

“

” REASONS FOR WHY RUSSIA

INVADE

1.DEMOGRAPHICS OF UKRAINE/CRIMEA

2.GEOGRAPHY OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA

3.LOCATION OF UKRAINE

4.NATURAL RESOURCE

5.BREADBASKET OF EUROPE

6.MILITARY

7.HISTORY

MILITARY EVENTS IN CRIMEA, UKRAINE• On 26 February 2014, Russian President Vladimir

Putin ordered urgent military exercises to test the combat readiness of his armed forces across western Russia.• From that day onwards, there were reports that

pro-Russian militia had established checkpoints surrounding the city of Sevastopol.

CONT

• Unmarked Russian troops take over Crimea, seize military units,fortify near Chongar, Kherson Oblast.• Russian military buildup on Russian-Ukrainian border• Ukraine seals border with pro-Russian Moldovan region of Transnistria on 15 March.

CONT

•Ukraine, reinforces members west of Ukraine.•US,Ukraine accuse Russia of orchestrating rebellion in eastern and southern Ukraine .

RESULT • Ukraine loses control of Crimea; Republic of Crimea declares independence with

intention of joining Russia after a referendum passes with 96% in support.• Pro-Russian militias seize the Supreme Council (Crimean parliament) and other

key establishments.• Council of Ministers of Crimea is dissolved, a new pro-Russian Prime Minister is

installed, Supreme Council votes to join the Russian Federation, and holds a referendum on the status of Crimea on March 16.

• Treaty signed between Crimea and Russia at the Kremlin on March 18 to formally initiate Crimea's accession to the Russian Federation.

• The Ukrainian Armed Forces are evicted from their bases on March 19 by Crimean protesters and Russian troops. Ukraine subsequently announces withdrawal of its forces from Crimea.

CONCLUSION

• Involves much more than the issues that set it off. • Question of whether or not Ukraine’s current leaders justified in delaying the signing of

an Association Agreement with the European Union now seems almost irrelevant. • Crisis has served to crystallize the visceral disgust of many Ukrainians for the regime

under which they have been living. • Also led to the eruption of powerful latent tensions endemic to the Ukrainian polity. • More alarmed than I have ever been since I started following events in Ukraine in 2004. • Can't see happy way out. • Hope peaceful, stable solution can somehow be reached. • Mikhail Gorbachev has suggested, Vladimir Putin and Barack Obama should “take a

resolute step towards helping Ukraine return to the path of peaceful development.”• Seems out of the question. Why?