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WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TUBERCULOSIS
The Disease TUBERCULOSIS (TB)
A infectious disease caused by the Bacteria-Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Spreads mainly by respiratory secretions especially sputum of patients.
Bacteria can survive in dust for weeks.
Primarily affects lungs but can affect almost any organ of the body.
Symptoms include
WHY TALK ABOUT TB? One of the world’s deadliest communicable diseases and major public health problems.
Wrecks havoc at personal, economic and social levels.
HOW???
Global Figures (2014)
In 2013, an estimated 9.0 million people developed TB and 1.5 million died from the disease. (WHO report, 2014)India had the largest number of cases, 24% of the global total.
A recent study in India suggests that about 50% of detected cases are not reported to the NTP. (Satyanarayana SI et al.)
Confirmed by prevalence survey in Gujarat which indicated that more than 30% of detected cases are not reported!
EVERY DAY…
Nearly 5000 people develop TB
And about 1000 people die.
Every 1.5 minutes, somebody dies of TB in the country.
4 out of 10 of us harbour the TB
Bacillus
More worries…
HIV/ TB Co-infection
MDR TB
XDR TB
TDR TB
Cont… More common in the poor and marginalized section of
the community.
Mainly a disease of the poor
Migrant labourers, slum dwellers, residents of backward areas and tribal pockets.
Poor living conditions, malnutrition, shanty housing, over crowding
TB in Men
2/3 rd cases are males
Usual earners
2/3 cases are men
More likely
to default
mortalityHits the most
productive age group
Cripples the family
TB in women Kills more women in reproductive age group than all causes of maternal mortality combined. Responsible for almost 1/3rd of female infertility in India Women tend to delay seeking treatment Stigma and discrimination. ~ 1,00,000 women with TB are abandoned by families every year.
TB in Children. Creates more orphans than any
other infectious disease.
3,00,000 children of TB patients leave school or take up job every year
to support family
Need for public Health Action
The problem occurs frequently and widely
The problem causes severe disability and suffering
There are effective methods of dealing with the problem
Treatments are acceptable to patients, their families and society.
When can we say control has been achieved??
Control is said to be achieved when the prevalence of natural infection in the age group of 0-14 years is 1 %
In India it is close to 40 %
Control Measures
Prevention Vaccination
Case FindingCure Treatment
Is there a vaccine??
YES.. BCG
Is there a Cure??
YES.. Anti Tubercular treatment- DOTS
Why we are here today? World TB Day 24th March 2015
It is a day to acknowledge the Global Fight against TB. It is a day to remember that people are dying everyday, that the
battle is not over. We believe it can be defeated and we are proud to
contribute our own efforts to the TB community for the ongoing battle.
Cont..
It is designed to build public awareness that tuberculosis today remains an epidemic in much of the world, especially India.
Major efforts are needed to ensure that all cases are detected, notified to national surveillance systems, and treated according to international standards.
Vision: A World Free of TB
Thank You For your
Participation
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