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VITAMINS
Dr Vijay Marakala M.B.B.S.,M.D
Assistant ProfessorBiochemistry
SIMS&RC
Vitamins are micronutrients
VITAMINS
VITAL+AMINE
Nutrients
VITAMINE
µg-mg/day
VITAMINS
Vitamins are organic nutrients that are required in small quantities for a variety of biochemical functions and which generally
cannot be synthesized in the body and must be supplied by the diet
Definition
VITAMINS
Water soluble
Fat soluble
• B complex• C or Ascorbic acid
• A or Retinol• D or Cholecalciferol• E or Tocopherol• K
Classification
• B1 - Thiamine• B2 - Riboflavin• B3 - Niacin• B5 - Pantothenic acid• B6 - Pyridoxine• Biotin• Folic acid• B12- Cobalamine
Vitamin B complex
Vitamine C or Ascorbic acid
• Water soluble vitaminsVITAMINS
Energy-releasing
Hematopoietic
Other
B1 B2
B3
BiotinPantothenic acid
Folic acidVitamin B12
Pyridoxine
•Vitamins B-complexVITAMINS
Water soluble vitamins Fat soluble vitamins
Solubility Water soluble Fat soluble
Absorption Simple Along with lipids
Storage *No storage Stored in liver
Excretion Excreted Not excreted
Excess intake Nontoxic Toxic
Deficiency Manifests rapidly Manifests slowly
Treatment Regular dietary supply Single large dose
Difference b/w water soluble & fat soluble vitaminsVITAMINS
Essential for growth, maintenance and reproduction
Fat soluble vitamins are required for normal and colour vision, blood clotting, bone formation and maintenance of membrane structure.
Most of the water soluble vitamins function as coenzymes
Vitamins A and D act as steroid hormones.
Lack of vitamin in the diet produce characteristic deficiency symptoms
Some drugs and compounds present in natural sources act as antivitamins.
Some vitamin analogs are used as drugs
VITAMINS
• MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE
Chemistry
Sources
RDA Absorption & transport
Active form
Functions Deficiency manifestations
Antimetabolites
Hypervitaminosis
VITAMINS
VITAMINS
SOURCES
DIET
INTESTINAL MICROORGANISMS
VITAMINS
RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE
Dietary intake that is considered optimal under ordinary conditions
AgeSex
Body weightDiet
Physiological status
Causes Inadequate dietary intake
Inadequate intestinal absorption
Inadequate utilization
Increased requirements
Drug induced deficiency
VITAMINS
DIETARY VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES
Vitamins are MicronutrientsBiotin and Vitamin K are synthesized by intestinal microorganismsVitamin D is produced in the skin
THANK YOU
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