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Healthy Eating:Salts, Sugars, Sweeteners
and searching for hidden sugars.
A Presentation by Jordie Rowlands
SALT
SALT
What is Salt? Salt is a compound made from two dangerous elements!
Why do we need Salt?Your body uses Sodium which it gets from Salt to help perform a variety of functions.
For example Salt helps keep the fluid in our blood cells so that we can carry nutrients around the body.
SALTHow much salt should I have every day?• Children – about 3/4 g of salt a
day• Adults – 6g salt a day
QUIZ: People eat too much salt,
but how much salt do people eat on average a
day?
3g - 6g10g – 12g14g – 18g
ANSWER
SALTWhat can I do to reduce my salt? Which belongs in each box?
EAT LESS:EAT MORE:
SALTWhat can I do to reduce my salt? ANSWERS:
EAT LESS:EAT MORE:
SALTWhy is too much salt bad?
Salt raises blood pressure leading to strokes, heart failure and heart attacks!
High link to stomach cancer, osteoporosis, obesity, kidney disease.
Known to make Asthma and diabetes worse.
SUGAR
SUGAR
Sugars are ‘simple’ carbohydrates.There are three types of sugars;
Monosaccharaides, Disaccharides and Polysaccharides.
SUGAR
What are Saccharides?Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
Glucose
Amylose
Disaccharide
Sucrose
SUGARWhy does it matter to know about types of sugar?
SugarInBlood
HOW LONG THE ENERGY LASTS!
SUGARWhat do you eat at break / lunch?
How does that make you feel an hour later?
What could you change about your snack / meal to help you avoid a ‘SUGAR CRASH’?
eSUGARWhy is too much sugar bad?
Sugar (sucrose) is calorie dense, meaning that the pay off of energy is quite low compared to the calorie level.
Eating high calorie food leads to weight gain.
Low energy makes it harder to burn the calories off.
Sugar feeds bacteria in the mouth, if not cleaned properly could lead to tooth decay.
(HIDDEN)SUGARWhat do people mean by hidden sugar?
Sugar is hidden in many ways – normally the label: ‘NO ADDED SUGAR’ is used to confuses consumers.
Many consumers do not realise that certain foods contain natural sugars.
Lactose Fructose Fructose
FructoseAnd lactose (when milk added)
Maltose
SWEETENERS
Sweeteners are artificial sugars or sugars isolated from plant proteins.
Some sweeteners (Thaumatin) can be up to 2000 times more potent than sugar (sucrose).
What are Sweeteners?
Aspartame is a sweetener made from Aspartate, Phenylalanine and
Methanol.
Aspartate or Aspartic acid – comes from asparagine which in
itself has been isolated from asparagus
Aspartame
00 CH3
NHNH3
0
0
H0
AspartatePhenylalanine
Methanol
Discovery of PKUA Norwegian doctor called
Folling discovered a few
of his mentally disabled patient
smelt very similar.
He isolated the odour’s cause to being the high
amounts of phenylalanine in
the blood and Urine
This is all caused by a lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase, the enzyme
responsible for processing phenylalanine.
Aka Phenylketonuria
Phenylalanine is an essential amino
acid.
It is also an important chemical that helps brain
function.
Phenylalanine
Deficiencies can cause symptoms of depression, and problems with the
brain and nervous system.
People are born with PKU and have to limit protein their diets from birth,
as nearly all proteins contain phenylalanine.
Babies are given special milk.
Because of how dangerous Phenylalanine is to PKU sufferers, the government past legislation in the
“UK in 1982 following the review of its safety by the UK's Committee on Toxicity, Consumer Products
and the Environment (COT)”
Legislation
SweetenersCreate a quick info leaflet telling people about PKU
(phenylketonuria) and how its passed on.
Or write a quick paragraph saying why someone
suffering from PKU can’t drink fizzy drinks
containing sweeteners such as Aspartame
SHOP SMART
Get into groups of five (if not already).Take it in turns to pick an item out of the
pile, pick wisely – items are worth points. Team with highest points at end will win a
bronze award!
SHOP SMARTSCORING
Green = 3pts
Yellow = 2pts
Red = 1pts (lose points if more than 2 red per team)
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