Pillcam

Presented by- Shakil S.Siddiqui

Rizvi Institute of Management studies & Research.Mumbai.

PILLCAMA pill with a view

PILLCAMA product by GIVEN IMAGING

Approved by European Medicines Agency

Capsule Endoscopy

3 typesPillcam ESOPillcam SBPillcam colon

New product development of the Pillcam

IDEA GENERATIO

N

PRODUCT SELECTION

PRELIMINARY

PRODUCT DESIGN

FINAL PRODUCT DESIGN

PROTOTYPING THE DESIGN

TESTING OF PROTOTYPE

6 S T E P S

1.IDEA GENERATIONNormal traditional endoscopy

Problems with normal endoscopy

Sore throatGreater recovery timeRequires sedationPainfulTime consumingaccidental puncture fever

Imagine a vitamin size pill sized camera that could travel through our body taking pictures, helping to

diagnose a problem

2.Product selection

Endoscopy with -Clear imagesSimple and safeNo need of inducing sedationDetect evidence of disease that traditional

endoscopy cannotNo painSmall recovery time

3.Preliminary product design

Basic components for required for designing a product were

Lens Illuminating LEDImage sensorBatteryTransmitter

Preliminary product design

PARTS OF THE PRODUCT

1.Optical dome2.Lens holder3.Lens4.Illuminating LED”s5.CMOS image sensor6.Battery7.ASIC transmitter8.Antennae

1.Optical dome

Have Light receiving windowMade up of non conductor materialPromote easy orientationPrevent infiltration of digestive fluids inside the

capsuleEasy propelling

2.Lens holder

Helps to accommodate the lensHelps the lens to fix properlyAvoids dislocation of lens

3.Lens

Integral componentLocation – behind light receiving windowLight through window falls on the lens

4.Illuminating LED”s

Six white light emitting diode (LED) ensure proper lighting for taking pictures.

5.CMOS image sensor

140° field of viewDetects object as small as 0.1 mmPreciseDetect a polyp which is not possible in traditional

endoscopy

6.Battery

2 batteryButton shapedMade up of silver oxideDisposable Harmless8 hrs. working

7.ASIC transmitter

Application specific integrated circuitLocation – behind the batteries2 transmitting electrodes are presentElectrodes are electrically isolated

8.Antennae

Receives data from ASIC transmitterSend to data recorder

4.PROTOTYPING THE DESIGN

PROBLEMS WITH THE PROTOTYPE AND THEIR SOLUTIONS

Patients with narrow gastrointestinal structures are not good candidates for this procedure due to risk of obstructionSolution -Use of nanotechnology pill size has been reduced like normal vitamin capsule

Impossible to control camera behavior in colon (rotation of pill can be possible)Solution-Use of bi-directional telemetry camera

5.TESTING OF PROTOTYPEClinical trialsSampling method : Non-probability sampling

Ages eligible for study: 18 Years to 70 Years

Genders Eligible for Study: Both

Tested on both healthy volunteers as well as on ill patients

ill patients includes-

mechanically ventilated and sedated

mild-to-moderate brain injury patients

admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU)

Patients having GERD (gastro esophageal reflux disease)

Cancer patients

RESULTS

large studies with consistent clinical data continue to support the use of Pillcam capsule endoscopy as a first-line diagnostic tool for patients who suffer from unresolved G.I.T symptoms

It is completely safe

6.FINAL PRODUCT DESIGN

Pillcam SB take 50,000 images in 8 hr. i.e., 2 image/sec

Pillcam Eso.Take 2,600 images in 20 min i.e., 14 images/sec

SENSOR ARRAY BELT

This sensor array belt has to worn around patients waist over clothing

it has data recorder in it which has battery which receives pictures from the antennae of the Pillcam and record it which is later displayed on the monitor

PROCEDURE

Fasting for 10-12 hoursNo iron pills for 5 daysSwallow the capsule with few sips of waterCapsule moves by peristalsis movementPatient can leave the centerAfter 7-8 hours the patient must returnCollect images from data recorder and examine it

ADVANTAGES OF PILLCAMPainless No side effectsAccurate pictures(view of 150 degree)High quality imagesEasy procedureHigh sensitivity and specificityNo sedation is requiredMore efficient than X-ray ,CT-Scan and normal

endoscopy

LIMITATIONSVery expensive Gastrointestinal obstruction prevent the free flow of

PillcamPregnant woman and patients with pacemaker face

difficulties Not a replacement for colonoscopyNot reusableBatteries may not last long

THANK YOU