Kidney diseases in children

GOOD MORNING!

BATO, BATO, PICK!

Josephine T.R. Holgado, M.D.,D.P.P.S.

March 10, 2016CMC Tower

SNOW WHITE

In a small town in Calamba City, Laguna, there lived 3 girls who are dear friends. First is Snow White, who is fat, pale, moves slow and fond of all junk foods like potato chips, chocolate candies, softdrinks and other processed food like hotdog, corned beef and luncheon meat. Her parents are very busy in their family business so she is left in the hands of her good yaya.

CINDERELLA

Next is Cinderella, who is thin, dark, and with scars on her arms and legs due to too much scratching. She loves to run around and go on errands. She rarely takes a bath because her mother said that they have to save water during El Nino.

GOLDILOCKS

The last girl is Goldilocks. She is always happy and always smiles even when her front teeth are missing. Her mom works in Makati and so that she is left with her grandmother. Her mother loves to bring her sugar coated doughnuts and chocolates whenever she goes back to their home during the weekend to the dismay of her dear grandma.

One summer day, Snow White said: “Let’s meet on Saturday morning at the park across the Calamba City Hall and play the whole day. Don’t worry about the food. I will ask my yaya to prepare our snacks and lunch. “ Cinderella said: “That’s great! I’ll ask permission for my mother to excuse me from doing household chores that day. “

“ I will also ask permission from my mom so that my grandma can bring me there, “ said GoldilocksSaturday morning arrived and the girls met at the park. They run and play tag. After awhile, Snow White stopped, panted and said: “I’m tired and hungry. Let’s go to the hut so we can eat snacks.” Yaya said: “Here your cheeseburgers, french fries and soda for everyone. Then you can have honey glazed donuts, too!”

Who among the 3 girls do you think will develop a kidney disease if they continue their unhealthy eating habits?But first, we need to discuss the parts of the kidney and the urinary tract and their functions.

Bato, Kidney

Tubong daanan ng ihi, ureter

Pantog, urinary bladder

Tubong labasan ng ihi, urethra

Sinasala ang dugo para maalis ang sobrang tubig, asin at mga kemikal na pwedeng maging lason sa katawan.

Tagasala at Tagalinis

Dito papasok ang halos 20% ng dugo na galing sa puso para salain at alisin ang sobrang tubig, asin at mga kemikal na pwedeng maging lason kung hindi mailalabas sa katawan.

Tagasala at Tagalinis

Dito naman lalabas ang nasala at malinis nang dugo para pumunta sa iba’t ibang bahagi ng katawan.

Tagasala at Tagalinis

Dito naman maiipon sobrang tubig, asin at lahat ng dumi na sinala mula sa dugo, para lumabas sa katawan bilang ihi.

Tagasala at Tagalinis

Tagakontrol ng blood pressure.

Binabalanse ang tubig, asin at iba pang kemikal sa katawan.

Gumagawa at naglalabas ng mga mahahalagang sangkap:

ERYTHROPOIETINIsang hormone na tumutulong sa paggawa ng pulang dugo sa buto. Kung kulang o wala ito, pwedeng mamutla dahil sa anemia.

Gumagawa at naglalabas ng mga mahahalagang sangkap:

RENINIsang enzyme na katulong sa pagbalanse ng presyon ng dugo. Kung may problema ito, pwedeng magkaroon ng hypertension.

Gumagawa at naglalabas ng mga mahahalagang sangkap:

CALCITRIOLAktibong anyo ng Vitamin D na nagpapatibay ng buto. Kung kulang ito, pwedeng maging marupok ang buto.

Any of the 3 girls can have a kidney disease. Snow White is fond of processed food which has high salt content. Cinderella has untreated skin infection. While Goldilocks eats sweets made in refined simple sugars.

Cut off point in Hypertension (95th percentile)

Newborn – 7 days > 95 mmHg 8-30 days > 105 mmHg 1 month – 2 y/o > 115/75 mmHg 2 – 5 y/o > 130/80 mmHg 6-11 y/o > 135/85 mmHg > 11 y/o > 140/90 mmHg

Normal Blood Pressure Formula (2y/o & up)

50th percentile of SBP 90 + 2 (age in years)

10th percentile of SBP 70 + 2 (age in years)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Graphics and Layout: Rene H. Francisco, MD

Illustration of Snow White, Cinderella and Goldilocks : Liz Jocano