Ch 8 Water & Minerals

Minerals & Water

Christine DobrowolskiNutrition

HO-15

Image by theilr on Flickr

Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies, 13th Edition. © 2012 Cengage Learning, Inc

Most abundant mineral in the body

Calcium

Nerve transmission

Transport of ions

Blood pressure

Blood clotting

Muscle contraction

Phosphorus

P

Part of phospholipids

Buffer

• A T P• adenosine tri phosphate

Release of energy

Sodium and Chloride

Chloride is an anion - intake is as NaCl (table salt)

SodiumMost people get too much

much sodium

Usually from processed foods and fast food

Excess sodium does not cause hypertension - but

increases risk

Potassium

fluid and electrolyte balance

cell integrity

• Diets high in potassium help decrease the risk of hypertension

heartbeat

Iodine deficiency can cause?

Iodine Deficiency

Goiter

• irreversible mental and physical retardation

Iodine deficiency can cause cretinism

Iron

• Animal sources

Heme (~23%)

• Plant and animal sources

Non- heme (2-20%)

Increasing iron absorption

• Found in Meat, Fish, Poultry

MFP factor

Vitamin C

Iron Inhibitors

• Found in tea and coffee

Tannins

• Milk

Calcium and phosphorus

• Found in the fiber of legumes and whole-grain cereals, breads

Phytates

Iron in Meals

Chili with ground beef, beans, corn and tomatoes

Roast beef sandwich on whole grain bread

Spinach salad with a glass of orange juice

Iron fortified whole grain cereal with low fat milk

Zincwound healing

immune function

Fluoride

Deficiency dental carries

Toxicity Fluorosis

Selenium

A mineral which is an antioxidant

Vitamin C & E are also antioxidants

osteoporosisosteoporosis

Most important risk factor

calcium

vitamin D

Heart disease?

Bolland MJ, et al. Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular events. BMJ. 2011; 342:d2040.

or

Calcium

The Gatekeeper and the Traffic Cop

Vitamin D: Gatekeeper

Vitamin K: Traffic Cop

THE END